Prolific author, artist and illustrator Margery Lawrence wrote under a variety of pseudonyms and across a range of genres. But closest to her own interests were her explorations into the occult and the supernatural. Like authors Charles Dickens, Algernon Blackwood, Robert Aickman, and W. B. Yeats, Lawrence was a member of London's exclusive Ghost Club. A select organisation founded in Cambridge in the mid-nineteenth century to research psychic phenomena from hauntings to likely fraudulent mediums. As time passed, Lawrence’s fascination with spiritualism shifted from professional to highly personal - if you dig around online there are faded images of her taking part in spirit healing ceremonies. Her Pennoyer stories built on these spiritualist beliefs which were widespread in post-WW1 England. Published just after WW2, it’s possible Lawrence was also taking advantage of renewed public interest in the occult sparked by Helen Duncan’s sensational trial. In 1944, Duncan aka “Hellish Nell” was convicted and subsequently imprisoned for violating a centuries-old witchcraft law.
Lawrence’s stories introduced psychic detective Miles Pennoyer and his friend Jerome Latimer. They first met as students at Oxford, Latimer eventually becoming Watson to Pennoyer’s Holmes. Conan Doyle’s obsession with the supernatural definitely mirrored aspects of Lawrence’s own. But Algernon Blackwood was the greater influence on Lawrence’s approach here. In keeping with genre conventions, Pennoyer is an eccentric, outsider figure. He lives alone with his Bavarian housekeeper and a wolfhound named Hans. His society connections are impeccable – his uncle is a respected peer of the realm. But he’s frowned upon at his uncle’s club because he doesn’t drink or eat meat. This collection contains seven separate Pennoyer cases. Initially, Latimer simply listens to Pennoyer recounting his adventures but later becomes an active participant.
Pennoyer’s exploits range from tangles with reincarnated figures from ancient Greek legends to tracking tentacled, Lovecraftian creatures. Lawrence’s narratives incorporate a form of domestic realism that reminded me of numerous interwar woman writers reissued by publishers like Persephone. But Lawrence blends in generous amounts of mystery, folklore and spiritualist religious beliefs. Pennoyer’s an expert in the occult from witchcraft to spirit possession; and highly knowledgeable when it comes to myth and mystical rituals. Pennoyer’s practical skills include astral projection, a concept popularised in the 1920s by bestselling non-fiction purporting to document its actual existence. Not surprisingly, Pennoyer’s ability to leave his body to spy on potential criminals comes in handy in numerous situations. Pennoyer’s eerie investigation of ghostly apparitions in a countryside cathedral echoes M. R. James. A call for help which brings Pennoyer to an orphanage set up by a friend raises questions about the fate of the many unidentified children rescued from the ruins of bombed-out areas. The result’s bizarre but gripping.
Most of the stories were pretty compelling but there were two stand-outs. The first was “The Case of the Moonchild” – the title’s an obvious reference to Aleister Crowley’s infamous novel. It’s a preposterous but richly-imagined page-turner. Latimer joins Pennoyer as a houseguest with a wealthy Devonshire family. There they attempt to help a father rescue his teenage daughter from the clutches of a sinister cult. It’s led by a priest whose character seems indebted to theosophy and notorious educator Rudolf Steiner with more than a hint of Rasputin thrown into the mix. Lawrence taps into conspiracy theories about black magic practitioners preying on innocents and rumours of Nazi research into harnessing occult forces. Her plot resembles aspects of books by then-bestselling, pulp novelist Dennis Wheatley. But her style’s more fluid, less lurid, and far less culturally conservative. Although there are quite a few grating, sometimes uncomfortable scenes, Lawrence was considered relatively progressive for her era. My other favourite “The Case of the Leannabh Sidhe” is very different in flavour, Machen meets Blackwood in a tale centred on Irish folklore and ancient superstitions about what might happen to humans who dare to go against the fairy folk.