Friedrich Nietzsche 1844-1900 Seleccion

by Friedrich Nietzsche

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588 pages, Paperback

Published August 1, 2010

About the author

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24, but resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties, with paralysis and probably vascular dementia. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900, after experiencing pneumonia and multiple strokes.
Nietzsche's work spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favour of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and a related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterisation of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the Übermensch and his doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, music, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from Greek tragedy as well as figures such as Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner, Fyodor Dostoevsky, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
After his death, Nietzsche's sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of his manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology, often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism. 20th-century scholars such as Walter Kaufmann, R.J. Hollingdale, and Georges Bataille defended Nietzsche against this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th- and early 21st-century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism, and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, music, poetry, politics, and popular culture.

Reviews

[Mario · Rating 5 out of 5]

Al adquirir conocimiento, todos hemos querido compatirlo con alguien más. Sin embargo, hemos fallado en esa misión pues aún creen los demás que Dios sigue vivo, que las enseñanzas de antaño aún persisten y deberían acatarse. Ante las plazas del mundo hemos tratado en vano extender nuestra sabiduría, por poca e insignificante que sea, pero siempre hemos de encontrarnos a la plebe que no escucha.

Quien diga que al terminar este libro no le cambió la vida, significa que no leyó con atención, leyó por entretenerse y no por adquirir conocimiento.

Es importante mencionar que habrá que leerse varias veces más, pues su mensaje no queda del todo esclarecido, es necesario ir ante los hombres y descifrar aún varios enigmas encerrados en las palabras de Nietzsche. Algún día lo comprenderemos, algún día comprenderé qué fue lo que quiso decirnos realmente. Mientras tanto me quedo con muchas enseñanzas, que no iré a predicar ante las plazas del pueblo.

Lo que haré será recomendar, presentar los argumentos y las posturas, y que la gente decida por sí misma. Seré un puente hacia el superhombre.

[Alejandra · Rating 2 out of 5]

Después de 5 años de leer 4 textos de Nietzsche (Zaratustra, Más allá del bien y del mal, La Geneaología de la Moral y el antcristo), lo considero por terminado a pesar de no haber leido el último. Textos muy densos por las ideas que tiene y lo que conlleva. Creer que algunas personas son superiores por sus creencias, su color de piel, su código génetico y su estatus social dejando a todos aquellos que no pertenecen a este selecto grupo como aminales. Deja de lado la empatía, la diversidad, la vulnerabilidad y todo aquello que nos hace humanos. Le di la oportunidad de la duda, pues quise leer un punto de vista por completo diferente al mio, pero después de tres textos consideré que era sufuciente. No es necesariemente este filosofo el creador del nazismo y la sobrevaloración de la raza aria, pero si son sus palabras tomadas en contexto lo que aporto a esta ideología. Palabras que más que aportar a la diversidad, la castigan.
La persona que empezó a leer esto y la que decidió darlo por terminado, son dos personas algo distintas que tienen algo en común: el rechazo hacía la intolerancia.