My clinical supervisor has often brought in concepts from self psychology to help me treat the folks in my psychiatric practice that don't seem to respond to more traditional dynamic or cognitive-behavioral techniques, and I picked this book up as a way to better understand this group. The basic idea is that we all start out with a few psychological functions (like soothing and encouraging and stabilizing and understanding) that the important figures in our early lives do for us until we develop the ability to do so on our own. For people who didn't get that internalized, the therapist can provide those functions of the self and encourage the client to recognize deficit and start to make some of this happen internally. I found the writing repetitive, which helped me cement concepts at first got got a little tiresome by the end, and I would recommend fatigued readers consider the book complete after finishing chapter 7 (Clinical Process) and jumping ahead for the short chapter 11 on aggression.