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The Scarlet Ibis

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Our narrator, a grown man, tells us about his memories of Doodle, his younger brother. We jump into the past as the narrator begins his story about his brother.

The narrator is six years old when Doodle is born. Doodle is a sickly child, and everyone but Aunt Nicey thinks he will die. Daddy even buys Doodle a coffin. When Doodle has lived for two months, Mama and Daddy name him William Armstrong. The narrator doesn't think the name suits him, so he nicknames him Doodle.

This is a tragic short story following the narrator as he tries to teach his weak younger brother to walk and play like a normal boy. It was first published in The Atlantic Monthly and won the "Atlantic First" award.

36 pages, Hardcover

First published July 1, 1960

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About the author

James Hurst

11 books26 followers
Early life-
James Hurst grew up in North Carolina on a coastal farm, the present site of US Marine Corps. Camp LeJeune.

After attending North Carolina State College and serving in the United States Army during World War II, he studied singing and acting at the renowned Juilliard School of Music in New York. Hoping for a career in opera, he went to Italy for additional study. After three years he abandoned his musical ambitions. Upon return to the States in 1951, he began a 34-year career in the international department of a large New York City Bank.

Writing career-
During his early years at the bank, he wrote a play and short stories, some of which were published in small literary magazines. "The Scarlet Ibis" first appeared in The Atlantic Monthly in the July, 1960 issue and won the "Atlantic First" award that year. Quickly recognized by literary critics, the story appears in collections and virtually every high-school literature textbook published in the United States. When asked about the meaning of the story, Hurst answered: "I hesitate to respond, since authors seldom understand what they write. That is why we have critics. I venture to say, however, that it comments on the tenacity and the splendor of the human spirit." A key passage from the story is the following sentence: “I did not know then that pride is a wonderful, terrible, thing, a seed that bears two vines, life and death.”

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5 stars
2,833 (34%)
4 stars
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3 stars
2,032 (24%)
2 stars
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1 star
236 (2%)
Displaying 1 - 30 of 494 reviews
Profile Image for Sara.
Author 1 book945 followers
March 29, 2017
I read this short story in an English class in high school, and it made a huge impression on me. I know this because some fifty years later I remembered it in amazing detail. It is perhaps the best example of symbolism and foreshadowing you will ever encounter. It is to symbolism what The Raven is to alliteration. But there is more to it than a study in symbolism. It is a story about pride, about cruelty, and about selfishness that is self-destructive. It is about the complication of loving someone who is imperfect and the desire to reshape them into our own idea of what they should be, and it is about the elusive quality of beauty and its fragility.

In the first paragraph, James Hurst writes, “The last graveyard flowers were blooming, and their smell drifted across the cotton field and through every room of our house, speaking the names of our dead.” I find that beautifully descriptive and strangely poignant. I can picture the setting and smell the pungent flower aromas that carry within them the promise of decay. That decay is evidenced in the person of Doodle, a little boy who was born with physical defects that might have taken him immediately, but instead left him weak and dependent, the sweetest and kindest of souls, with a brother who is anxious to have a friend and playmate who can run and swim and row and who tries, against all odds to make that happen.

There is an element of hope and determination about the story that I love. Doodle’s life might have meant nothing at all if not for this boy who torments him into walking and running against the protests of his own body. Doodle sees all the beauty of the world, he is captured by it, but it is the brother who gives him that chance; the brother who believes.

This story is heartbreaking. Its ending screams of consequences, of the cost of pressing too hard for something that is forbidden, of failing to think beyond the present or realize the implications of loss. But, there is that hopeful side as well. Doodle was not supposed to live, but he did, he was not supposed to walk, but he did, and his life had meaning and purpose, brought joy and achievement. Our narrator did not smother his brother in his crib (a thought he claimed to have had), and his life was richer for knowing him, and mine was richer for reading this story. Thank you, Mr. Hurst.
Profile Image for Lydia.
327 reviews
January 28, 2015
In my English class we just finished reading this and this short story was just absolutely amazing. Hurst describes everything in perfect, precise detail and he explains absolutely everything. At first, in the beginning when he talks about how he was going to smother his brother I was appalled and couldn't really fathom why we were reading something like this in class. But, throughout the story I could see why. Even though most of the things that he does to/for his brother, helping him walk, teaching him to row, run, etc were done for selfish reasons, I think that he still cared about and loved his brother. I have an autistic brother and yes, it is something that is hard to handle and it's different, but I wouldn't go to any extremes of being ashamed of him and trying to improve him so that I could look better.

Fortunately, I finished the short story on my own because to my surprise, I actually cried at the end. The way he describes how he leaves his small, helpless brother in the rain, devastated me. Even though I suspected from about half way through the story that at the end something was going to happen, he was going to push him to hard, he might kill the boy, or the illness would eventually take his brother, but I predicted that Doodle was going to die. Regardless of having predicted it, reading it and finally getting to that part in the story was completely different from what I had expected. Just thinking of that poor little boy dying alone, in the rain, his illness that he had been struggling with for his entire life finally claiming him, and probably the worst for him was that his brother, the one person that he was always with and relied on, was disappointed in him because he couldn't meet their "goal". Just those facts broke my heart.

This short story not only is described in beautiful detail, but it tells the struggle of one boy and of his sweet handicapped brother. It shows how human pride, and arrogance can sometimes consume how they think and act, and sometimes, ending with dire consequences.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for mwana.
477 reviews279 followers
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July 22, 2023
I read this in high school and I don't know if it's good or not but it was one of the first books that I read that made me have a chronic fear of tragic stories. I no longer have that fear so perhaps I should revisit this.
3 reviews
October 8, 2010
I believe it is more than just a sob story or a tear jerker. It is about losing something important that you can never get back, something we all have gone through. Brother wasn't as horrible as people think. He's just not the heroic, defender-of-the-little, perfect, prepackaged bubble gum type of fictional character that doesn't exist in real life: He is like a normal human being and I can especially relate since both of my brothers have mental disabilities and I know how it feels like to want to have normal brothers to play with. Yes, Brother went too far, but there are VERY few people who can say that they hadn't gone too far on certain things, as well.

Doodle's death wasn't meant to be just a tear jerker in my opinion, it was supposed to relate to the reader on many levels. Yes, it was a simple short story, but I think that was the thing that made it such a classic.
Profile Image for Tweety.
433 reviews246 followers
March 20, 2015
Why do I keep reading books like this? I'm tired of I don't even know how to rate this. But, I now know why around forty% of high schoolers never read another book after they leave school. If this is what books consist of, I too, would never read another. The writing skills have nothing to do with it. I desperately need some hot chocolate it get me over this morbidly gloomy book.
Profile Image for debbicat *made of stardust*.
856 reviews125 followers
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March 23, 2017
I read this around 1997. It was actually a short story in a high school lit book. I had never read it before and it brought me so much sadness. One of my book club friends here on GR has made a suggestion to read it....I am not sure I can read along. All I feel is sadness when I remember it. So, I guess I read it 20 years ago....would I feel differently today??? I doubt it. But...it is a great read. I highly recommend it.
Profile Image for Anima.
431 reviews80 followers
February 25, 2017
"It was in the clove of seasons, summer was dead but autumn had not yet been born, that the ibis lit in the bleeding tree.1 The flower garden was strained with rotting brown magnolia petals and ironweeds grew rank amid the purple phlox."
purple phlox

ironweeds


"... "Doodle, don't you want to learn to walk?"
He'd nod his head, and I'd say, "Well, if you don't keep trying, you'll never learn." Then I'd paint for him a picture of us as old men, white-haired, him with a long white beard and me still pulling him around in the go-cart. This never failed to make him try again."
"Finally one day, after many weeks of practicing, he stood alone for a few seconds. When he fell, I grabbed him in my arms and hugged him, our laughter pealing through the swamp like a ringing bell. "
"...Sadly, we all looked back at the bird. A scarlet ibis! How many miles it had traveled to die like this, in our yard, beneath the bleeding tree"
Profile Image for Ellerim Namhar.
333 reviews2 followers
September 1, 2024
When I catch Brother, the things I’m gonna do to him is going to make ME look like a psychopath instead of him
Profile Image for Amytiger.
86 reviews23 followers
September 29, 2015
I wanted to review Scarlet Ibis, and when I searched for it I got this big old volume. I haven't read this whole book, haven't even known of its existence until minutes ago. But here is my review and amount of stars reserved for Scarlet Ibis.
A review for Scarlet Ibis:
People always see themselves as the victim until too late.
In this book, we have Brother. "Ohh, poor me! I longed and longed for a little brother to play and run around with. But he was disabled." So he works with him until he can walk. But Brother isn't done yet. He wants his little brother to be able to run and swim and do things more. More, more, more! Higher, higher, higher! Brother was sure of his infallibility and knew no bounds. So when his little brother can't do what he wants him to do, Brother runs away when his little brother needed him. I don't think it was because his little brother couldn't do it. Brother was upset because HE couldn't make him do it. A story of pride, a story of limits, and though we always see the little brother as the victim, Brother's view sees himself as the victim in a well-played, refreshing way.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
8 reviews
November 2, 2011
This story was definately one I had to fight back tears with. I don't think it was just me who felt this way, I mean I looked over and saw half of my friends trying to do the same. This story was great! The deep symbolism that was embedded in it, made a much more complex meaning and made me ponder on it more than I would have. It got me thinking about life, and the value of each person. Having a special needs sister made this story even more close to home, for me. There were many things I connected with, and this sort reassured me I will never leave my sister behind. She will always be my best friend. I think this story shows great writing skills, and symbolism was definately the key to it. I rated this story 4 stars, because in a way, I think it was almost TOO brutally honest. Some of the things that the narrator says makes me more apprehensive than I am in other books or stories. But overall, this short story was excellent. Well written. You just have to read it if you haven't!!
Profile Image for Debi Cates.
506 reviews33 followers
May 9, 2025
My Re-Read for U.S. National Teacher Appreciation Day 2025

This story lives in my memory as the first story I read that seemed to aim higher, go deeper than anything I had read before. It was a new, secret door of literature that opened for me.

And it was thanks to a New Mexico teacher.

I'm sorry that I can't remember her name now. I was placed in an English class a grade level above me, supposedly an advancement for me. The overall experience was horrid, the class was too large, the teacher was bedraggled, and the one year older students were hormonal heathens. But, also there were those reading assignments...

My eleven-year old self read these opening lines:

"It was in the clove of seasons, summer was dead but autumn had not yet been born, that the ibis lit in the bleeding tree. The flower garden was stained with rotting brown magnolia petals, and ironweeds grew rank amid the purple phlox. The five o’clocks by the chimney still marked time, but the oriole nest in the elm was untenanted and rocked back and forth like an empty cradle. The last graveyard flowers were blooming, and their smell drifted across the cotton field and through every room of our house, speaking softly the names of our dead."

I knew only a few of the plants mentioned--I knew cotton fields and five o'clocks (we called them four o'clocks) from our farm very well, but certainly didn't know what a bleeding tree or an ibis was. Even with those gaps, I instinctively knew this was writing that cared about the beauty of writing, how words capture feelings beyond the words, and I was falling, falling into new reading sensations.

This is a sad story about two brothers; the narrator is the oldest brother writing as an old man, invoking the power of symbolism. Also it introduced me to the power of nostalgia (I was already able to feel that myself), of regret (I, too, could regret by that age), and of cruelty (I had two younger brothers I often lorded over).

It's been over 50 years I've carried this story with me, in me. I'm sure that teacher is likely long gone to dust, being herself at least 40 then (young to me now). While re-reading, I was overwhelmed with how much I owe her. And also to all the underpaid--and disrespected by the willfully ignorant-- public school teachers who guide and believe in the wonder of humanity's potential.

"After that day Doodle and I went down into Old Women Swamp. I would gather wildflowers, wild violets, honeysuckle, yellow jasmine, snake flowers and waterlilies, and with wire grass we’d weave them into necklaces and crowns. We’d bedeck ourselves with our handiwork and loll about this beautified, beyond the touch of the everyday world. Then when the slanted rays of the sun burned orange in the tops of the pines, we’d drop our jewels into the stream and watch them float away toward the sea."

That still catches me in my throat, even at 65. To this day, I want--nay, crave--plenty of plants and sky in what I read, very possibly because of this story by James Hurst I read at just eleven.
Profile Image for Dana Salman.
376 reviews93 followers
January 25, 2010
Although it was supposed to be incredibly depressing I didn't cry. I didn't even understand why Doodle died until the teacher explained. And while most readers (like my whole class) will agree that his death was all Brother's fault (I really wish the author had given us a proper name for the narrater) I was able to sympathize with him, and I think that in the end, he got off alot worse than Doodle. I think the bird symbolism was wonderful, especially at the end when Brother calls Doodle his "little scarlet ibis". I think the story could've done with an epilogue, but maybe it was better that it ended bluntly that way: "...sheilding my little scarlet ibis from the heresey of rain."
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Andry.
1 review
June 28, 2014
I cried, and i loved it, but it just shows how realistic the world is and not every innocent person can survive.
Profile Image for ellie.
229 reviews2 followers
February 2, 2021
and one final fucked up short story that i found on tiktok for tuesday morning! what the fuck!
Profile Image for Lindsay Costner.
114 reviews
September 3, 2024
4.5 ⭐️ the stupid brother literally kills his brother bc he is embarrassed of his brother is crippled
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Rebecca.
487 reviews99 followers
November 2, 2011
I just returned to this short story after nearly two decades. I had read it in high school and decided to read it with my 9th Grade Language Arts class. While I had always remembered how devastated I had felt at the ending of the story, I was too young when I first read it to appreciate how well Hurst creates an environment that is at once inviting and haunting.

I found myself entranced by his language. I read the first few paragraphs a dozen times. Each time, I marveled at the word choice. Each adjective and descriptive phrase felt meaningful. The story begins with a somber beauty that directs the reader from the start.

I was also taken by the author's honesty. I have a brother-in-law who is both autistic and mentally disabled. My husband has spoken on more than one occasion about the frustrations he felt growing up with a disabled brother. It was no where near that of the narrator in the Scarlet Ibis. However, he said that there were many times where he simply wished his brother could talk to him or get his jokes. Like the narrator in the story, my husband struggled with the force role of caregiver to his brother. (Although, my husband's role was much more than that of the narrator.)

Revisiting The Scarlet Ibis was a welcome homecoming. I appreciated the opportunity to see an old story in a new light. As an adult, I come away stunned by the language and beautiful use of the ibis as a symbol.

It's a quick read. Go back, take a look at an old high school story and see what you find. :)
Profile Image for Alyazia  .
3 reviews
April 22, 2013
This was one of the few story we took in class that enjoyed, I was literally going to tear up. Had to keep it in.
description

I loved the way that the author had connected the Ibis to Doodle. Doodle is basically a helpless child who was a huge disappointment to the family but mostly to his brother. Although Doodle's brother was such an asshole, I sort of understand his twin personality.

One second he would be like
description

and after a moment
description

I hate doodle though, if I was his sister I'd kill him for no reason at all. Just because he gets on my nerves.

description

He IS a burden and should be placed in that coffin that his dad built him so just get on with it. One cannot deny that is a good short story, I was disappointed though. I was expecting more of symbolism, guess i shouldn't get my hopes up

description
Profile Image for Jen.
1,588 reviews
September 1, 2020
This short story has stuck with me since high school and I’ve always wanted to re-read it one day so I finally decided to do it. My only real complaint about this story is that I wish it was longer.

Just as tragic as I remember it, though I saw more of the symbolism and historical elements this time around. I also found that I could relate to both brothers at times. Those with siblings remember doing cruel things and wishing to take them back afterward.

I thought Doodle’s character especially shined. Despite his physical difficulties, he tried so hard to please his older brother that it broke my heart. Even more heartbreaking is when Doodle questions his brother on why he needs to learn to walk, accepting his limitations.

The symbolism with death and the scarlet ibis are well done. My heart will always ache for poor Doodle.
Profile Image for B. Branin.
Author 1 book2 followers
July 3, 2014
This was required reading for my Junior year in high school. We finished this story just as the bell rang and I ran out of the classroom so no one could see me crying. The emotion that is packed into such a short story is beyond description and to this day I have a copy of this book on my bookshelf, untouched, because I am afraid of re-reading it and breaking down all over again.

This is the standard I set for myself when I try my hand at serious prose. If I could coax even a third of the emotion from one of my readers that James Hurst had brought out in me, I would know true literary success.
Profile Image for iana.
92 reviews29 followers
April 8, 2020
» read for English Language Arts 10.

They did not know that I did it for myself, that pride, whose slave I was, spoke to me louder than all their voices . . .

this was both sudden yet expected. it's straightforward in ways people are not with inner cruelty, selfishness and pride. it's provoking, and I like that, but I don't quite understand how I truly feel about it. I'm also weighed down by the knowledge that I'm annotating this later—later meaning soon—and while I don't jump with joy at the thought of annotations, I think this text is worth the study and will round much of my understanding.
11 reviews
November 3, 2011
this is a short story that I read in my language arts class and I really liked it. Its a story about a young boy who is making his way through life only to have something horrible happen to him. Reads it to find out what it is.Reading this story will make you think of the world in a different way. Also it will change the way you see the ending of most books.This is a book I reccommend to people who want to have a different type of story to read.
6 reviews
March 11, 2011
I thought that this was a good quick read. It is only thirty-six pages long, has no chapters, and a picture every couple of pages. Although the pictures are well drawn, I would not suggest looking at more than three of them PRIOR to reading the book. It would ruin the story. Again, go ahead and read it, it's a good book. But it is very sad.
-Julianne
Profile Image for Natalie.
2 reviews
November 10, 2011
I just read this book in my freshman class and I loved it. The detail and the literary work used by James Hurst is amazing. The descriptions and the visual pictures that are painted into your brain are just amazing. I almost cried when the father wanted to have a casket made for the baby that he was assuming the worst for and lived. We haven't read the last five pages but so far so good!!!! :)
Profile Image for Debbie.
17 reviews23 followers
June 27, 2012
Loved the symbolism in this book.
The message in the book was brilliant.
It was sad to think that the older brother did certain actions because of his pride, and how he did not want an "invalid" as a brother.
The way the scarlet Ibis and the little brother related to eachother...how the Ibis died even though it's come a long way...just brilliant.
Loved it.
146 reviews1 follower
September 9, 2009
Some people thought this story was heartening, which I can see, but personally, I found this book to be horribly sad and depressing. I can't believe Doodle died! And so close to being able to show his parents what he was capable of!
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Rayshawn.
5 reviews
September 15, 2010
The Scarlet Ibis was a very interesting short story because, it was sraight to the point.
Although it was straight to the point, it time to let you get to know the characters and you can see how you are like them.
Displaying 1 - 30 of 494 reviews

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