This volume was written after WWII, but in a sense, carries on from where Churchill left off in 1918/9 and the end of the first world war. Two quotes sum up this book for me. The first was Churchill quoting Gibbon, "History…is, indeed, little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind." The second sums up the period between the wars, "Still, if you will not fight for the right when you can easily win without bloodshed; if you will not fight when your victory will be sure and not too costly; you may come to the moment when you will have to fight with all the odds against you and only a precarious chance of survival. There may even be a worse case. You may have to fight when there is no hope of victory, because it is better to perish than to live as slaves."
Churchill recounts mistakes, misunderstandings, missed opportunities, failure to understand the situation in Germany and naive hopes that war could be averted. England, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Soviet Russia, Norway, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, America even, all misunderstood the situation in Germany. No one except Germany wanted war again. The continent suffered from a severe bout of post traumatic stress. And even Germany, for the Nazis would never had happened without the humiliation of Germany at the end of the war. The Nazis were a way of saving face.
But this wasn't really an account of the rise of the Nazis, although Churchill does cover that. It is more an account of how Britain in particular and other countries in general failed to prepare themselves for the Nazi threat.
This is a timely book to read because I see so many parallels with the rise of Vladimir Putin in Russia and the increasing threat of China under Xi Jinping. Ukraine is like Poland maybe. Georgia is like Czechoslovakia. In any case, the west is ill prepared for the new world order. It's a scary time and I worry for the future. But where is our Churchill? Maybe the time is yet to come. I just pray that we are spared the horrors of another world war, one that could easily tip into the nuclear sphere.