I was brain dead in the 1960s. I was an intelligent young man, near the top of my high school class. But I was brain dead. I was oblivious to most of the things going on around me—the things that have shaped our world. I knew little of the hippie movement, the Cuban missile crisis, the rise of Stones-style rock and roll, the beginnings of the Super Bowl, the burgeoning of the NY Mets, or the seminal movies of the era. I liked the Beatles, Peter, Paul and Mary, and Barbra Streisand. I read novels voraciously, and I bought Playboy and Esquire by the dozens at the local used book store. But still, I remained ignorant. So I’ve spent the ensuing years “catching up” on the era that silently shaped my life, shaped US history, and made a profound impact on the world. Rob Kirkpatrick’s 1969: The Year that Everything Changed is another in a long list of books I’ve read about the 1960s. In some ways, it is the best. In that final year of the decade, so much happened. Kirkpatrick tells of it all (he has 24 pages of Bibliography and end notes, proving how much of it he does, indeed, tell us about.) Some of the happenings I actually knew about when they occurred, others I’ve learned about from other readings, many I learned more about from Kirkpatrick, and the rest were news to me. Through it all, I was amazed that so much could take place in one year, twelve months’ time. The author covers the music scene, the movies, the mass murders, the World Series, the Super Bowl, the Viet Nam war, the politics, and the civil rights movements. Here we find that within 365 days, our nation changed. It was the year of the Stonewall Riots, the beginning of the modern gay rights movement; the year of the end of the old west myth; the year of the American Indian movement; the Manson murders, the Zodiac killings; Woodstock, of which, the author’s opinion is that the rosy, nostalgic views we hold are based on the movie, not the actual event; and Altamont, where a drug-filled, Hells Angels’ fueled music festival turned into a riot that resulted in four deaths, one of them a murder. This book is worth reading if only to relate the events of 1969; but the five pages of epilogue put it all in perspective: the hippie movement, the days of peace of love and harmony and communes, quickly disintegrated when human nature took over; the radical films like Easy Rider were soon replaced by money-making blockbusters like Jaws and Star Wars. And Richard Nixon was deposed as Emperor of the US, only to be replaced by an ineffectual, unelected successor Gerald Ford, and then the loveable, well-meaning but terrible President Jimmy Carter. But along the way, gays were on the road to liberation, Native Americans were granted more rights, and the women’s movement had begun. Not a bad legacy for a colorful decade.