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320 pages, Paperback
First published August 1, 2010
All human beings are equal. So, no matter what job you do, whether you’re a banker, a bathroom attendant, or a shoeshine man, your work is noble. Why? Because it’s performed by a human being. I remember Casey’s words: “I figure any job worth doing is worthy of respect.” So when companies cynically exploit tipped workers by failing to pay wages or by stealing tips, they’re playing with karmic fire. They’re disrespecting the human dignity of their workers, and eventually, one way or another, they’ll get their comeuppance…. When I was a waiter, I got sick of being a servant. I wanted to be the master. But my lack of pride probably had less to do with being a waiter than with the lack of respect I had for myself. It wasn’t the job that was beneath me; it was how I was looking at it. When I was a kid, my dad told me he’d love me if I became president of the United States or a garbage man. “As long as you’re a good person, that’s all that matters,” he said. It’s not the job you have, it’s the person you are. “No servant is greater than his master.”I'm fine with the author's sentiment here, much as it seems to veer away from justifying tipping (because service and performance integrity are their own reward). As an aside, it seems like a Delphic quote. Really, unless the intent is "Suck it up, that's the way it is," wouldn't egalitarian intent be better asserted as "no master is greater than his servant?" Okay, okay, I appreciate that by "master" here, Jesus presumably intended God, making the statement geared toward promoting personal humility among the priestly caste, as in: "Don't exalt the priest higher than you would the almighty." That's still pretty high as exaltation goes; it must be nice to be a cleric.
If the porters hadn’t received tips, the company would’ve had to increase their wages to $60 a month just to keep them above subsistence level—which would have added $2,535,000 a year to Pullman’s payroll costs. There wasn’t a snowball’s chance in hell of that ever happening. And even with their tips, Pullman’s porters never came close to making $60 a month. The Pullman Company shafted their porters because they were poor, black, and easy to exploit…. And if that wasn’t bad enough, the company cynically made sure its passengers knew the porters were underpaid and depended on tips to survive…. [To cite a St. Louis Republic article from this period,] “It was the Pullman Company which fastened the tipping habit on the American People and they used the Negro as the instrument to do it...." (page 16)All etiquette aside, that's an extremely ugly origin story. Nor have economic circumstances changed all that much for tip recipients or the economics that allow employers to perpetuate a substandard wage. Dublanica attempts a pragmatic argument to justify tipping as ennobling rather than enabling: if we're stuck with tipping culture, we must obey its prerogatives. That rings more like a self-fulfilling prophecy to me. If tip recipients are so beleaguered why don't they rise up?
So when the traveling upper classes imported this nouveau riche habit from Europe, employers such as Pullman were quick to realize they could play on public sympathy to use gratuities to shift part of their payroll burden onto the backs of the American consumer. And since the public had already been conditioned by centuries of slavery to having low-cost servants in their midst, the stage was set for tipping to take hold. It should come as no surprise that the first workers forced to depend on gratuities were ex-slaves. And when millions of immigrants began crashing onto America’s shores in the late 1800s—becoming waiters, barbers, bellhops, and the like—the new system of tipping was in place to exploit them. (pages 17-18)
Whether they’re food delivery people, bathroom attendants, or waiters, tipped workers get exploited every day. Unscrupulous companies are quick to siphon off their workers’ tips in order to lower overhead, increase profits, and line their own pockets. Wage theft is rampant, and some companies are cynically throwing their workers to the wolves. And it’s tough for people to complain about their working conditions when they’re trying to put food on the table. It’s easy to be a Cesar Chavez when times are flush, but when your children are hungry, concepts like fairness and justice often have to take a backseat to reality. (page 77)The Progressive movement of the late 1910's/early '20's sought to abolish tipping for this very reason. Tragically, like many other social reforms, it failed.
Some of you may think, “That’s not fair! You should have to wait like everyone else!” Give me a break. Look around you: people use money to jump ahead of each other every day. Pay extra for that ticket at Disneyworld and you’ll leap over sweaty tourists with wailing children and get first crack at the best rides. Fly first class and in addition to the privilege of getting killed right after the pilot in the event of a crash, you get on and off the plane first. When I go to my doctor, I have to wait forty-five minutes for a triple-booked fifteen-minute slot that had to be arranged weeks in advance. But if I shelled out a couple of thousand dollars a year to belong to a concierge medical practice, they’d take me that same day. And if you’re a good tipper you’ll always get a reservation in a restaurant ahead of a bad one. (page 66)Later at page 258, he adds, "Some people might take umbrage at this kind of wheeling and dealing, but let’s face it, tipping exposes how the world really works. Just look at how doctors refer patients, at insider trading on Wall Street, and at political horse trading in Washington. The only difference between Vegas and the rest of the country is that the dynamic is more overt here."
“Just out of curiosity, what’s the fare from my hotel to the airport?”“Forty bucks,” the cabbie says, handing me his card. “When you ready to go home, just call me.” When I’d asked the doorman at my hotel what the going rate was, he said the trip should cost only fifteen bucks. “Sure thing,” I say, taking the cabbie’s card. “And by the way, the fare’s only fifteen bucks.”Obscurity lies at the core of a corrupt practice. Like most of us, Dublanica doesn't mind having to pay "extra" so long as he's the one who calls the tune. Tipping culture lets him feel in command, even if it's normed. Of course, the author had earlier and happily paid out the same amount for a lesser charge. Again and again, Dublanica insists we should always tip, unless… leading to endless cycles of vicious or virtuous performance and behavior that end in burnout and confusion for everyone involved. Round and round and round we go. Inevitably, the tables turn on the former waiter. Oh, the irony.
“What?”
“Thanks for giving me your card, asshole,” I say, anger heating my voice. “Maybe I’ll rat you out to the Taxi Authority.”
There are also three appendices at the back of the book, and they hold almost as much valuable information as any other chapter in the rest of the book. I particularly found the first one on holiday tipping to be useful (it being so close to Christmas as I write this).
In the early parts of the book, he also goes into explorations of why people tip (and why some don't) and how tipping got indoctrinated in American culture. And, at the end, he finally figures out what tipping is all about (but you'll have to read it to find out yourself!).