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L'école D'impiété: [Nouvelles]
Il n'y a pas que la guerre dans ces nouvelles, même si, partout et soudain, elle surgit en filigrane. Il y a surtout ces hommes et ces femmes en situation violente de choix, comme ce malheureux père qui fixe hébété toute une nuit son réveil, sachant que selon toute vraisemblance sa famille sera anéantie au matin. Que doit-il faire ? Terrible monologue intérieur de cet homme face à "sa" vérité absolue, monstrueuse, à laquelle il n'est pas question de se soustraire. Ces quatre récits prendront immédiatement place parmi les témoignages les plus terribles qu'ait inspirés la Seconde guerre mondiale. Seul un très grand écrivain pouvait nous restituer ce champ clos des consciences torturées et nous amener sur le plateau de la littérature ces quelques minutes bouleversantes de vérité humaine. Aleksandar Tisma est né en 1924. Il est mort en 2003 à Novi Sad, Voïvodine (Serbie-Monténégro). Tisma a combattu les occupants allemands et hongrois aux côtés de Tito en 1944-1945. Plus tard, il a pris position contre Milosevic et a du quitter son pays, trouvant refuge en France dans les années 90. Il a vécu en Champagne-Ardennes jusqu'à la chute du dictateur et son retour à Novi Sad en 2000. Novi Sad, où a vécu l'auteur, est tristement célèbre en raison du pogrom du 21 au 23 janvier 1942 au cours duquel plus de 14.000 juifs ainsi que 500 Serbes perdirent la vie. L'histoire de cette ville au bord du Danube a inspiré l'oeuvre de Tisma qui a publié des poèmes, des nouvelles et trois romans. Dans L'Usage de l'homme, Tisma dépeint le tableau vivant d'une petite communauté multinationale de Novi Sad emportée et détruite pendant les années fascistes. Avec Le Kapo, portrait d'un jeune juif devenu l'instrument des exterminateurs, Tisma analyse les comportements sauvages de l'homme corrompu par la terreur et la couardise.
- GenresFictionShort Stories
216 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1978
1 person is currently reading
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About the author
Aleksandar Tišma
59 books65 followersAleksandar Tišma (rođen 16. januara 1924. u Horgošu, preminuo 16. februara 2003. u Novom Sadu) je bio jugoslovenski i srpski pesnik i pisac. U njegovim delima najviše su zastupljene lirske pesme, zatim romani i novele.
Bio je urednik Letopisa Matice srpske u periodu od 1969. do 1973.
Osnovnu školu i gimnaziju pohađao je u Novom Sadu. Maturirao je 1942. godine. U Budimpešti je studirao (od 1942. do 1943.) ekonomiju pa romanistiku. Stupio je u narodnooslobodilačku borbu decembra 1944. godine. Demobilisan je novembra 1945. godine, nakon čega se zaposlio kao novinar u Novom Sadu, u „Slobodnoj Vojvodini“, a zatim, 1947. godine, u Beogradu, u „Borbi“. Na beogradskom Filozofskom fakultetu 1954 godine diplomirao je anglistiku. Od 1949. je živeo u Novom Sadu i radio u izdavačkom preduzeću „Matica srpska“, najpre kao sekretar, a posle i kao urednik.
Tišma je nosilac više nagrada za prozu, poeziju i prevodilaštvo.
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English:
Aleksandar Tišma (1924–2003) was a Serbian writer of significant acclaim, known for his exploration of the human condition during and after World War II. Born in the city of Horgoš, in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (now Serbia), Tišma was of mixed heritage, with a Serbian father and a Hungarian Jewish mother, a background that profoundly influenced his literary perspective.
Tišma's early life was marked by the tumultuous events of World War II. He witnessed the horrors of the Holocaust and the complexities of identity in a region plagued by ethnic tensions. These experiences became central themes in his work, which often delved into the moral ambiguities of war, guilt, and the long shadows cast by historical trauma.
He studied in Budapest and Belgrade, and eventually settled in Novi Sad, where he worked as a journalist and editor before dedicating himself fully to writing. Tišma's breakthrough came with the novel The Use of Man (1976), which is often regarded as one of his most powerful works. The novel explores the lives of a group of people before, during, and after the war, dissecting the devastating impact of the conflict on their psyches and relationships.
Another significant work, Kapo (1987), further established Tišma's reputation as a masterful chronicler of human frailty and complicity in evil. This novel, which tells the story of a Jewish concentration camp inmate who becomes a kapo (a prisoner assigned to supervise other prisoners), raises difficult questions about survival, collaboration, and the corrupting influence of power.
Throughout his career, Tišma wrote with a stark, unflinching style, often employing sparse language to convey the depth of his characters' suffering. His works are marked by a deep empathy for his characters, even as he explores their darkest impulses and moral failings.
Tišma's contributions to literature were recognized both in his homeland and internationally. His work was translated into many languages, bringing his harrowing yet insightful depictions of life in wartime Eastern Europe to a global audience. He received numerous awards, including the prestigious NIN Award, one of the highest literary honors in the former Yugoslavia.
Aleksandar Tišma passed away in 2003, but his legacy endures through his powerful body of work, which continues to resonate with readers and offers a profound exploration of the complexities of human nature in the face of atrocity.
Bio je urednik Letopisa Matice srpske u periodu od 1969. do 1973.
Osnovnu školu i gimnaziju pohađao je u Novom Sadu. Maturirao je 1942. godine. U Budimpešti je studirao (od 1942. do 1943.) ekonomiju pa romanistiku. Stupio je u narodnooslobodilačku borbu decembra 1944. godine. Demobilisan je novembra 1945. godine, nakon čega se zaposlio kao novinar u Novom Sadu, u „Slobodnoj Vojvodini“, a zatim, 1947. godine, u Beogradu, u „Borbi“. Na beogradskom Filozofskom fakultetu 1954 godine diplomirao je anglistiku. Od 1949. je živeo u Novom Sadu i radio u izdavačkom preduzeću „Matica srpska“, najpre kao sekretar, a posle i kao urednik.
Tišma je nosilac više nagrada za prozu, poeziju i prevodilaštvo.
========
English:
Aleksandar Tišma (1924–2003) was a Serbian writer of significant acclaim, known for his exploration of the human condition during and after World War II. Born in the city of Horgoš, in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (now Serbia), Tišma was of mixed heritage, with a Serbian father and a Hungarian Jewish mother, a background that profoundly influenced his literary perspective.
Tišma's early life was marked by the tumultuous events of World War II. He witnessed the horrors of the Holocaust and the complexities of identity in a region plagued by ethnic tensions. These experiences became central themes in his work, which often delved into the moral ambiguities of war, guilt, and the long shadows cast by historical trauma.
He studied in Budapest and Belgrade, and eventually settled in Novi Sad, where he worked as a journalist and editor before dedicating himself fully to writing. Tišma's breakthrough came with the novel The Use of Man (1976), which is often regarded as one of his most powerful works. The novel explores the lives of a group of people before, during, and after the war, dissecting the devastating impact of the conflict on their psyches and relationships.
Another significant work, Kapo (1987), further established Tišma's reputation as a masterful chronicler of human frailty and complicity in evil. This novel, which tells the story of a Jewish concentration camp inmate who becomes a kapo (a prisoner assigned to supervise other prisoners), raises difficult questions about survival, collaboration, and the corrupting influence of power.
Throughout his career, Tišma wrote with a stark, unflinching style, often employing sparse language to convey the depth of his characters' suffering. His works are marked by a deep empathy for his characters, even as he explores their darkest impulses and moral failings.
Tišma's contributions to literature were recognized both in his homeland and internationally. His work was translated into many languages, bringing his harrowing yet insightful depictions of life in wartime Eastern Europe to a global audience. He received numerous awards, including the prestigious NIN Award, one of the highest literary honors in the former Yugoslavia.
Aleksandar Tišma passed away in 2003, but his legacy endures through his powerful body of work, which continues to resonate with readers and offers a profound exploration of the complexities of human nature in the face of atrocity.
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Displaying 1 - 6 of 6 reviews
February 18, 2025
Das Buch enthält vier Erzählungen von Menschen in extremen Situationen von Gewalt, Aussichtslosigkeit. Sie leben in Zeiten des Krieges und kommunistischen Systemen der Nachkriegszeit. Die titelgebende Erzählung schildert mir bisher unbekannte Arten von Folterungen.
December 3, 2023
Für mich ist das zentrale Thema der vier Erzählungen dieses Bandes das Zusammenspiel zwischen Verantwortung und Menschlichkeit. Im Angesicht von Ungerechtigkeiten und Greultaten (teils durch eigene Hand) entfremden sich die Charaktere, im Bewusstsein über die eigenen Verfehlungen, von sich selbst. Gefangen in ihren sozialen Rollen und angelehrten Mustern entkommen sich die Protagonisten auch dann nicht, wenn sie die Struktur ihres Handelns erkennen: «vielleicht muss jeder bleiben, was er ist». (S.31) So ergibt sich eine Stimmung der Fremdheit. Gekennzeichnet durch fehlende Selbstwirksamkeit handeln die Protagonisten entgegen ihren eigenen moralischen Intuitionen, oder negieren diese gar bis zur Grausamkeit. Zur Spitze getrieben wird diese Grausamkeit in der Erzählung «Die Schule der Gottlosigkeit», während Dulics gerade einen Jungen zu Tode folterte, wird er kurz danach über die Genesung seines Sohnes informiert. Da wo keiner Verantwortung übernimmt, wo keiner aus der Introspektion Handlungsmaximen ableitet, da wird der Mensch dem Menschen zur Schule der Gottlosigkeit.
March 4, 2021
Dat Aleksandar Tisma geen vrolijke schrijver was, wist ik al. Maar het is wel fascinerend te lezen hoe de mens kan ontaarden onder het mom van ‘gewoon te zijn”. Vooral het titelverhaal greep me bij de strot. Het gaat me te ver te zeggen dat daders tevens slachtoffers zijn en ik kan weinig begrip of medelijden voor ze opbrengen, maar ik snap ze wel beter door de manier waarop Tisma over hen schrijft.
January 8, 2023
Lijepo piše Tišma o preživljavanju u različitim vremenima i okolnostima, ali u svakoj od pripovijetki falilo mi je nešto veće.
June 25, 2025
een prachtig werk, sommige van de verhalen grepen me echt naar de keel
December 4, 2012
Ein literarisches Kleinod.
Der Band beinhaltet vier Erzählungen: "Schneck", "Die Schule der Gottlosigkeit", "Die schlimmste Nacht" und "Die Wohnung". Sie spielen in der Zeit des Zweiten Weltkrieges und der Judenverfolgung ("Die schlimmste Nacht" und - in Retrospektiven - "Schneck") und der Zeit unmittelbar danach ("Die Schule der Gottlosigkeit" und "Die Wohnung").
Die Protagonisten sind Opfer und Täter und mitunter beides in einer Person. In jedem Fall sind sie der Hauptgegenstand der Erzählungen. Die äußeren Rahmenbedingungen wie die Judenverfolgung, die Wehrpflicht sind oft nur Gegenstand der inneren Reflexion, des Konflikts. Gerade hierin liegt das Besondere der Erzählungen: Die Auseinandersetzung und Darstellung der Konflikte sucht ihresgleichen.
Der Band beinhaltet vier Erzählungen: "Schneck", "Die Schule der Gottlosigkeit", "Die schlimmste Nacht" und "Die Wohnung". Sie spielen in der Zeit des Zweiten Weltkrieges und der Judenverfolgung ("Die schlimmste Nacht" und - in Retrospektiven - "Schneck") und der Zeit unmittelbar danach ("Die Schule der Gottlosigkeit" und "Die Wohnung").
Die Protagonisten sind Opfer und Täter und mitunter beides in einer Person. In jedem Fall sind sie der Hauptgegenstand der Erzählungen. Die äußeren Rahmenbedingungen wie die Judenverfolgung, die Wehrpflicht sind oft nur Gegenstand der inneren Reflexion, des Konflikts. Gerade hierin liegt das Besondere der Erzählungen: Die Auseinandersetzung und Darstellung der Konflikte sucht ihresgleichen.
Displaying 1 - 6 of 6 reviews