TYPES PSYCHOLOGIQUES

by C.G. Jung

En publiant Types psychologiques e 1921, C.G. Jung affirme son besoinde se différencier de Freud et développe une nouvelle théorie de lapersonnalité qui prolonge la classification traditionnelle.Dans cet ouvrage fondateur, Jung présente une structure schématique dela personnalité fondée sur « quatre fonctions psychiques » que chaqueêtre humain possède, à des degrés variables : le type Pensée, le typeIntuition, le type Sentiment et le type Sensation. À ces quatre types,Jung ajoute deux « attitudes » : l'extraversion, qui est le mouvementde la libido vers l'extérieur, qui se réfère à l'objet ; etl'introversion qui est le mouvement de la libido vers l'intérieur etqui se réfère au sujet. Sur la base de ces quatre fonctions et de cesdeux attitudes, Jung explique les variantes de types psychologiques, àl’origine de nos passions ou de nos jugements personnels.Paru pour la première fois en français en 1950 aux éditions Georg,Types psychologiques est l’une des plus grandes contributions de lapsychologie analytique aux sciences humaines et n’a cessé depuisd’influencer d’autres domaines de la psychologie, comme les théoriesmanagériales (notamment le modèle de Myers Brigg), le développementpersonnel, la graphologie ou encore l’astrologie.

Pocket Book

Published February 12, 2021

About the author

Carl Gustav Jung (/jʊŋ/; German: [ˈkarl ˈɡʊstaf jʊŋ]), often referred to as C. G. Jung, was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist who founded analytical psychology. Jung proposed and developed the concepts of extraversion and introversion; archetypes, and the collective unconscious. His work has been influential in psychiatry and in the study of religion, philosophy, archeology, anthropology, literature, and related fields. He was a prolific writer, many of whose works were not published until after his death.

The central concept of analytical psychology is individuation—the psychological process of integrating the opposites, including the conscious with the unconscious, while still maintaining their relative autonomy. Jung considered individuation to be the central process of human development.

Jung created some of the best known psychological concepts, including the archetype, the collective unconscious, the complex, and synchronicity. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a popular psychometric instrument, has been developed from Jung's theory of psychological types.

Though he was a practising clinician and considered himself to be a scientist, much of his life's work was spent exploring tangential areas such as Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, and sociology, as well as literature and the arts. Jung's interest in philosophy and the occult led many to view him as a mystic, although his ambition was to be seen as a man of science. His influence on popular psychology, the "psychologization of religion", spirituality and the New Age movement has been immense.