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Три толстяка

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"Три толстяка" − первая книга Ю. Олеши была написана в 1924 г., а впервые опубликована в 1928 г. Уже около века роман-сказка любим читателями. Для детей – это в первую очередь интересная история с яркими, запоминающимися героями: канатоходцем Тибулом, девочкой Суок, Тремя Толстяками и многими другими. Взрослым "Три толстяка" напомнят о детстве, о событиях вековой давности и о том, чему научила их эта сказка – дружбе, верности, благородству и любви. Для дошкольного возраста.

First published January 1, 1928

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About the author

Yury Olesha

52 books65 followers
Yury Karlovich Olesha (Russian/Ukraine: Юрий Олеша or Юрий Карлович Олеша), Soviet author of fiction, plays and satires best known for his 1927 novel Envy (Russian: Зависть). He is considered one of the greatest Russian novelists of the 20th century, one of the few to have succeeded in writing works of lasting artistic value despite the stifling censorship of the era. His works are delicate balancing-acts that superficially send pro-Communist messages but reveal far greater subtlety and richness upon a deeper reading. Sometimes, he is grouped with his friends Ilf and Petrov, Isaac Babel, and Sigismund Krzhizhanovsky into the Odessa School of Writers.

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5 stars
1,232 (40%)
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885 (29%)
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639 (21%)
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188 (6%)
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 54 reviews
Profile Image for Ioana.
274 reviews521 followers
March 26, 2016
I read this at least 100 times as a child in Romania, just found it (in my early 30s) again in English and am so excited!

While doing some research, however, I was shocked to see that Olesha has been criticized for sentimentalizing communism. Actually, as a very young girl, I could never understand why this book was not censored in Romania: everything about the "three fat men" reminded me of the Ceausescus, everything about the plight of the people and the sentiments towards revolution signaled to me that perhaps something exciting would happen soon- it did, 1989 came a few years after I started reading The Three Fat Men.

When The Revolution rolled into Bucharest, the only way my 9-year-old mind could grasp what was happening was by referencing this book. I was not politically sensitive, as most kids who are 6-9, yet by necessity living under that kind of regime, I had intuitions about the injustice placed on the Romanian people/my friends and family, and I felt these all addressed so elegantly, poetically, and colorfully in this fairy tale. I couldn't get enough of this book, it was the One and Major Work I read as a child under the communist regime which truly helped me articulate, even at such a young age, the necessity of revolution and freedom from oppression of dictatorial regimes.

I would say, to anyone who sees this in any way as an endorsement of communism:
Olesha is maligned as a Soviet sympathizer simply because he miraculously managed to not spend any time in the gulag, like pretty much every other major writer/artist during the time period. While direct dissent is powerful and admirable, I think Olesha's methods may be even more far-reaching and consequential - because his art actually made it into people's hands, and even naive children like me got a taste of the revolution, before knowing what it was.

This is how communism worked in practice: nothing could be published if it wasn't endorsed by The State, and if The State didn't like your work, you'd be off for labor camps. The only ways to get messages across were between the lines, through cleverly disguised satire and humor: this novel/fairy tale does that BRILLIANTLY! Yes, maybe Olesha passed this book off as being about the ascendant communist revolution, but we the people living under the dictatorship of the proletariat saw it for what it was: a book about OUR oppression, OUR upcoming revolution. No way a literate person writing for a mass-audience didn't intend that, or understand that this is how it would be read by the average Ioan(a)-shmoe.

Updated March 26, 2016
Profile Image for Dara B.
324 reviews151 followers
August 28, 2010
It's funny, if somewhat scary, how when you're a kid you don't really see even explicit political propaganda in your favorite books. When I was five, or seven, or whatever I was when I read The Three Fat Men for the first time, it was, to me, a book about brave little dancer Suok and romantic Heir Tutti and smart Doctor Gaspar. Now it is unmistakably a book about Revolution and Class Struggle, its real main characters.

What remains unchanged though is that this tale is written extremely well. Olesha has a great sense of language and his unexpected and witty metaphors cracked me up more than once - I doubt I noticed all these small details as a child. Moreover, I have an excellent 1984 Almaty edition with Lena Selivanova's illustrations. Even though the plot is rather simplistic, the language and the illustrations make me think that The Three Fat Men wasn't really aimed at children. Or, at least, not only at children.
Profile Image for Sandy.
565 reviews23 followers
April 13, 2023
I was three years old when my sister became the proud owner of this book. I remember looking at the pictures of it when I was about 5. Couple of years later, I was reading it and it became one of the best books in my list. Ever since, I've read it countless number of times and I still enjoy it to this day. I've caught the glimpse of the English translation but it can't hold a candle to the Sinhalese translation I still read so dearly. The translator is one of the best and the language he used was something that speaks to one's soul.

Never felt this was another political propaganda. I mean who writes such books in this way? Olesha is indeed a brilliant and a gifted writer. How the hell did he cramp up all those things in to one small book? Even the Fat Grey cat mattered. The humor, oh boy my eye, the humor is next level. I'm not sure the target audience even if it's a children's book cos as an adult I could clearly see the message. He also sees events in a children's eye. “I'll be at least an inch shorter. Perhaps even two inches shorter, since I lost both heels”.

I can't really find words to describe it. It's just magical and adventurous, full of humor and messages that carries so much meaning. Colorful imagination. Brilliant character build, wonderful plot. I can always forget I'm reading a political statement and not many books can do that.

Book #24 of 2022.

Profile Image for Ана Хелс.
897 reviews85 followers
October 17, 2015
Като говорим за пропаганда в най-чист вид, предназначен за подрастващите и гъбкопопивателни умове на децата ни, няма как да не сетя първо за Носов, и след това веднага за Олеша, с неговата кратка и привидно почти забавна повест, за свалянето от власт на тримата шишковци – едри фабриканти, производители на въглища, желязо и жито, от смелия народ развял червени знамена, искащ равенство и братство, и еднакви възможности и обществени блага за всички. Но да се спъна в плосък камък дано, ако съм усещала дори сянка на нещо такова-пропагандистко в трите милиона пъти, в които съм разлиствала богато украсените страници на красивата ми по руски книга (спомнете си книжните райски градини наречени руски книжарници отпреди двадесет и много плюс години), ако и да е било твърде близо до ума на всеки читател с някаква политическа осъзнатост. Може би все пак става въпрос за висока степен на авторско майсторство, създаващо полу-фентъзийна история с много про-комунистически привкус, разказващо за онази алена утопия, която в крайна сметка не се е случвала никъде и никога, освен в умовете на няколко идеолога и интелигента в изгнание из безкрайните бели сибирски полета.

Историйката е много стегната и мистично хвърляща те в музиката – тайнствен град, на планета или реалност, чиято близост до нашите не се обсъждат, управляван от тримата чорбаджии-изедници с наднормено тегло, живеещи си в кротък идиличен Версай, с обичайните бедняци, работници и богаташи, без кой знае колко подробности. Оказваме се в средата на гражданска революция, или поне опит за такава, която бива потушено доста политически некоректно и кърваво. Но пухкавите олигарси не ги интересуват тези неща, ами най-вече се концентрират върху десерта, екзотичната си менажерия, и специалния си наследник – симпатично разглезено момченце, без ясна женска прародителка. Водачите на бунта между другото са стройни, силни и атлетични – като всеки върл комунист, аха, аха. Проблемът идва от факта, че симпатичната и почти магична стийм пънк кукла на малкия принц е леко повредено от обърнали се към пурпурните знамена подли хусари, и нужда номер едно на мини обществото е играчката да се поправи, преди бъдещия мини шишко да се изрине от плач. И с това се заема един всемогъщ, почти по вълшебнически начин, доктор, който се забърква напълно неидеологично в смяната на една политическа система.

Историята е безкрайно простичка, но разказана с достойна жестокост, повишена смъртност и незамазани кървави петна по улиците. Деца почти умират разкъсани от диви животни, хора-чудовища издъхват от разбити сърца, а неясната съдба на националните предатели е по-скоро щедро загатната в последен опит да се спестят на децата някой и друг нощен слашър кошмар. Революцията не изяжда децата си, и затова е чисто фентъзийна и идеалистично натоварена с блянове и сънища за по-добър живот по френско-бастилски. И всички знаем докъде стигат мечтите, щом с изпълнението им са натоварени обичайните заподозрени хомо сапиенси. Великолепна детска книжка, криеща в себе си повече послания, отколкото ме е грижа да видя; симпатична основа за нещо по-голямо, което обаче няма как да се създаде без да се разкрие чистата истина , че и най-добрите от нас твърде често попадат в канавката на морала заради някои компромисни решения. Олеша, Олеша, а ти така си вярвал в бъдещето…
Author 215 books3 followers
October 27, 2014
I was at University when I found this book, translated not into English, but in Hindi. The translator had done an amazing job, and the illustrations- there were two versions, cartoon-ish and pictorial- were wonderful. I naturally got hooked on the beautiful artwork. The story at that tome was amusing enough because a teenager wasn't too impressed with Revolution. But later I knew that Olesha had to write something which could be given the go ahead by the Stalinist regime so now on reading it again as propaganda I can see his tongue in cheek mordant wit, thinly described as a fairy tale. Any gospodin speaking his mind out aloud to the nobles as Prosper the armourer did- 'All who used to work for you and were paid peanuts for it while you grew fat, all the unfortunate, the deprived, the hungry, the emaciated ones, the orphans, the cripples, the beggars - all are going to war with you, with the fat and the rich who have replaced their hearts with stone- would have been whipped soundly in real life, but he got away with this hifalutin stuff in this intensely moving fairy tale.
I suggest getting children to read this book because they will love the rich prose. Adults can see it at a way in which a very intelligent writer is apologising for the Revolution.He knew it for what it was- hot air and purges and a worse rule than than of the Three fat men.

Profile Image for rybkaponi.
131 reviews
September 4, 2022
Нет, ну конечно "Три Толстяка" мне знакомы. Все смотрели это чудный фильм, или же не менее хороший мультфильм. А многие даже читали. Вот и у меня была в детстве антология с названием "Золотой ключик", в которой были эти "Три Толстяка", жаль подевалась неизвестно куда. Казалось бы, и я наверняка должен был читать этот роман в детстве, но нет - абсолютно ничерта не помню. Разве что, кроме четверостишия:

Как лететь с земли до звёзд,
Как поймать лису за хвост,
Как из камня сделать пар,
Знает доктор наш Гаспар.


Его я смутно вспомнил, да. Возможно из того же фильма, хотя кто его знает, где я мог его встречать.
К тому же, как не прочитать, когда появилось издание с чудными иллюстрациями М. Бычкова. Они шикарны.
Конечно же, будучи ребенком такая сказка и представляется сказкой, само собой, добро побеждает, все счастливы и т.д. Сейчас же я понимаю - это довольно жестокая сказка. Да и сказкой-то можно назвать весьма условно. Убийства, революция, свержение правящего класса. Куда ж такое детям-то? Хотя, конечно, в детстве всего этого не замечаешь, чего уж там.
Profile Image for Anastasiya.
85 reviews7 followers
June 27, 2021
It was one of my favorite stories ☺️
146 reviews20 followers
April 26, 2020
تحديث:
القصة، الأفكار، الحبكة، الرسوم وغيرها... كل شيء فيها رائعًا.

عماد هذه الرواية هي تعليم الأطفال الأخلاق الحميدة والعمل المشترك وما إلى ذلك، بالطبع يمكن للقارئ أن يلاحظ إلى أي هدف سعى إليه الكاتب -بذلك الزمن والمكان- في بنائه لهذه الرواية؟ الترويج لمبادئ الشيوعية من عمل مشترك وتقاسم الجائزة وكلٌّ بجهده، لا أحد فوق الجميع وغير ذلك. الرواية ملآ بالدروس والعبر، وهي مناسبة لهذا الزمن أيضًا، فزمن دروسها لم يمت بعد وقابل لإحيائها مجددًا!

أحداث الرواية والخيال فيها كان ممتعًا بحق. وددت لو قرأت هذه الرواية في صغري لكان الوقع والأثر فيها عليَّ كما أحسب سيكون كبيرًا، خاصةً فيما يتعلق بالاجتهاد في العمل (على الأرجح لن يهمني مفهوم العمل المشترك فهو لا يناسبني!).

الشخصيات كانت رائعة جدًا والحوارات كذلك. الرواية عامةً لا تشعرك بالملل.

الممتع بالأمر أنني استمتعت جدًا بالأحداث عندما تخيلت نفسي صغيرةً أترقَّب مع الشخصيات كيف تخرج من مآزقها وتخيلت نفسي أتعلم دروسها. نعم النهاية ستكون متوقعة وكذلك بعض الأحداث، ولكن مع عودتك لعمرٍ أصغر ستجد الأمر مسليًا أن تستشعر لذة الطفل بداخلك حين يتفاعل مع الأحداث ويأمل آمالًا سعيدة للنهاية.

فخورة أنني أمتلكت هذه الرواية في مكتبتي رغم ما لحقها من ضرر في دفها الأمامي، وسعيدةً أنني لم أهدها لأختي التي شغفت بها من أول نظرة ورغبتها بشدة. كنت على وشك إهدائها إياها قبل قراءتها ههه.

مؤسف أن النسخة التي لدي دون غلافها الورقي :"(

الترجمة عظيمة كما هي عادة المترجمين القدماء.

لطالما سمعت وقرأت على جمال أدب الطفل واليافعين بروسيا بمختلف حقبه، ولذلك أتطلع مستقبلًا لقراءة المزيد من أدبهم هذا سواء أكان قديمًا أو حديثًا.
Profile Image for Adina Cenko.
21 reviews
January 2, 2020
When I was younger I loved this book, but I read it again as an adult and I understood that it's communist propaganda, and behind the funny characters lie some miserable principles.
12 reviews
June 13, 2017
It was fun reading this book as a kid. I read the Hindi translation at that time. What stayed with me as a memory of this book was the gymnast Tibul - his antics and his different name.

I used to reflect on this book and used to think that how a political opinion can be sugar coated and made in to an easily digestible fable for kids so that they are indoctrinated early on. I still keep that opinion.
Profile Image for Jose Cruz.
746 reviews33 followers
August 21, 2025
(4.5) Cuento infantil de 189 páginas, publicado en 1928. En tono fantástico, este cuento nos narra la revolución obrera que se produce en el reino de los tres gordonflones. A pesar de ser infantil, un adulto disfruta igual que un niño, pues nos habla de solidaridad, de generosidad, de la ciencia, de la lucha y de la libertad. Una lectura maravillosa totalmente recomendada para todas las edades.
7 reviews2 followers
April 17, 2009
One of my favorite books as a child - I used to get it from the library again and again and again...
Profile Image for l.
1,709 reviews
September 28, 2014
brilliant and enchanting and adorable!
if i had a child, i'd make them read this and thus introduce them to the wonderful world of russian lit.
Profile Image for Norina.
212 reviews7 followers
December 25, 2024
Cartile lui Ralph - 6 luni si jumatate.

„Trei Grăsani” este una dintre cărțile care mi-au marcat copilăria. Ilustrațiile sale sunt extraordinare, iar răsfoirea paginilor a fost ca o călătorie nostalgică în trecut, asemănătoare unei amintiri declanșate de un gust sau un miros familiar. Exemplarul meu este plin de notițe copilaresti, ale mele și ale fratelui meu, ceea ce îi sporește valoarea sentimentala.

Deși nu am citit cartea atunci când eram copil, am petrecut nenumărate ore răsfoind-o, într-o vreme când încă nu știam să citesc Tocmai de aceea, ilustrațiile au rămas adânc întipărite în memoria mea. Povestea în sine este remarcabilă și revoluționară, criticând aspru sistemul burghez opresiv. Ironia face însă ca această critică să fie valabilă și pentru societatea comunistă în care cartea a fost publicată.

Un minus important al poveștii rămâne discriminarea bazată pe aspectul fizic, fie că este vorba despre dimensiuni sau culoare, un detaliu care azi ridică întrebări legate de reprezentare și sensibilitate.
Profile Image for Cătălin Feștilă.
20 reviews5 followers
October 10, 2018
I read it in the past (right after 1989 of the Romanian Revolution). It is a colorful and savory mix expressing a sympathetic trilogy.
The children will be a little bit agitated about the evolution of the events, but they will remain overflowing realism. The people always rise against the tyrants, and each time it is defeated.
26 reviews
March 12, 2019
Детская книжка, которая не кажется детской ребенку и не кажется взрослой взрослому. Застряла между. Прочитал после просмотра первого эпизода у БДТ. Там это было сплошная фантастика. Понравился рваный стиль повествования, скачками и забегая одной историей на другую. Мне бы больше понравилось, увеличь ее в два раза и раскрой всех героев. Получилась скомканной.
Profile Image for Noustian.
14 reviews
September 24, 2017
Despite its purely literary merits (hence 4 stars), it reads like a revolutionary pamphlet and that makes me uncomfortable. Especially knowing when it was written and being aware of the ugly consequences of destroying the old Russian way of life by the bolsheviks 100 yeas ago (almost to the day).
Profile Image for Magnus.
148 reviews
December 31, 2017
Fairy tale about revolution. Great characters, wonderful plot and almost completely forgotten author. Which is a shame.
Profile Image for Lyuba.
292 reviews22 followers
March 25, 2018
Вспомнила детство.... старая добрая сказка. Хоть и осуждали Олешу за коммунистические идеи, все-таки по сути, это сказка о борьбе с жестокостью и несправедливостью.
Profile Image for Dartsya.
203 reviews18 followers
June 23, 2019
Странное чувство от того, что видишь по-новому одну из своих детских книжек. Кто бы знал, что в ней столько политики:)
Profile Image for Enso.
61 reviews1 follower
April 3, 2020
Классическая советская сказка, где все вроде бы очень понятно, но есть и второй уровень смыслов.
Profile Image for Dmitry Zhizhenko.
41 reviews3 followers
June 11, 2021
Яркая и совсем не советская сказка + вполне актуальный гайд по революции. Смущает только отсутствие развития персонажей, их своеобразная «кукольность».
Profile Image for Em.
3 reviews
December 12, 2025
атмосферно, мне нравится как история логически связана, но слегка устарело... есть некорректные моментики
952 reviews
March 14, 2016
Nõukogude muinasjutt "vaeste" ja "kehvikute" revolutsioonist "paksude" vastu, sisaldab kõiki nõukogude mütoloogia märksõnu ja käibefraase, nagu rikkad ja rasvunud "rõhujad", puupaljad, kuid oksendamiseni õilsad "kehvikud", kes on kõik head, targad, inimlikud, aga sellest hoolimata täiesti vaesed, vastandina kõikide halbade iseloomujoontega esindatud "rikkad", kes on kõik ilged sead. Lugu (ja sellest tehtud film) pälvis Nõukogudemaal päris suure populaarsuse, terved põlvkonnad venelasi on üles kasvanud teadmisega, et rikkad on per se halvad (ja paksud, paks olla on halb, mitte sellepärast et see tervisele halvasti mõjub, vaid sellepärast et paksus on tingitud rikkusest, rikkus on aga vaestelt kokku "röövitud") ja on õige ja õiglane neid maha lasta ja nende rikkus ära võtta, "vaestele jagada". Ühesõnaga, selline primitiivne sõjakommunismi aegne arusaam, töötab aga ilmselt tänini, kuigi noistsamadest vaestest kehvikutest on juba reaalses elus võrsunud uusrikkad, kes pole ilmselt vähem paksud ja halastamatud varanduse kokkuriisumisel. Nende uusrikaste lapsed aga loevad seda muinasjuttu, ja tunnevad "vaestele ja rõhututele" kaasa ning rõõmustavad kui vaeste massid punalippude lehvides relvameister Prospero ja akrobaat Tibulluse juhtimisel paksude riigikorda ("kapitalismi") kukutavad.
Hariv pilguheit nõukogude ideoloogia juurtele.
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