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कुरुक्षेत्र
Kurukshetra is Dinkar's epic poem based on the Mahabharata.
120 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1946
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1760 people want to read
About the author
Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar'
118 books301 followersRamdhari Singh 'Dinkar' (September 23, 1908 – April 24, 1974) was an Indian Hindi poet, essayist, patriot and academic,[1][2] who is considered as one of the most important modern Hindi poets. He remerged as a poet of rebellion as a consequence of his nationalist poetry written in the days before Indian independence. His poetry exuded veer rasa, and he has been hailed as a Rashtrakavi ("National poet") on account of his inspiring patriotic compositions.[3]
As a mark of respect for him, his portrait was unveiled in the Central Hall of Parliament of India by the Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh on his centenary year, 2008.[4][5] On 23 November 2012, the President of India, Pranab Mukherjee gave away Rashtrakavi Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' Sahitya Ratna Samman to 21 prominent writers and social workers at a function organized in Rashtrapati Bhavan.[6] On the occasion, the President recalled the contribution of Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' in the freedom struggle and his service to Hindi literature.[6] Poet and former Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee spoke of Dinkarji in high esteem.[7] Others who have praised his literary genius include Shivraj Patil, Lal Krishna Advani, Somnath Chatterjee, Gulab Khandelwal, Bhawani Prasad Mishra, and Seth Govind Das.[8]
Dinkar initially supported the revolutionary movement during the Indian independence struggle, but later became a Gandhian. However, he used to call himself a 'Bad Gandhian' because he supported the feelings of indignation and revenge among the youth.[9] In Kurukshetra, he accepted that war is destructive but argued that it is necessary for the protection of freedom. He was close to prominent nationalists of the time such as Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Sri Krishna Sinha, Rambriksh Benipuri and Braj Kishore Prasad.
Dinkar was elected three times to the Rajya Sabha, and he was the member of this house from April 3, 1952 CE to January 26, 1964 CE,[9] and was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1959.[9] He was also the Vice Chancellor of Bhagalpur University (Bhagalpur, Bihar) in the early 1960s.
During The Emergency, Jayaprakash Narayan had attracted a gathering of one lakh people at the Ramlila grounds and recited Dinkar's famous poem: Singhasan Khaali Karo Ke Janata Aaati Hai (Devanagari: सिंहासन खाली करो कि जनता आती है; "Vacate the throne, for the people come").[10]
As a mark of respect for him, his portrait was unveiled in the Central Hall of Parliament of India by the Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh on his centenary year, 2008.[4][5] On 23 November 2012, the President of India, Pranab Mukherjee gave away Rashtrakavi Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' Sahitya Ratna Samman to 21 prominent writers and social workers at a function organized in Rashtrapati Bhavan.[6] On the occasion, the President recalled the contribution of Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' in the freedom struggle and his service to Hindi literature.[6] Poet and former Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee spoke of Dinkarji in high esteem.[7] Others who have praised his literary genius include Shivraj Patil, Lal Krishna Advani, Somnath Chatterjee, Gulab Khandelwal, Bhawani Prasad Mishra, and Seth Govind Das.[8]
Dinkar initially supported the revolutionary movement during the Indian independence struggle, but later became a Gandhian. However, he used to call himself a 'Bad Gandhian' because he supported the feelings of indignation and revenge among the youth.[9] In Kurukshetra, he accepted that war is destructive but argued that it is necessary for the protection of freedom. He was close to prominent nationalists of the time such as Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Sri Krishna Sinha, Rambriksh Benipuri and Braj Kishore Prasad.
Dinkar was elected three times to the Rajya Sabha, and he was the member of this house from April 3, 1952 CE to January 26, 1964 CE,[9] and was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1959.[9] He was also the Vice Chancellor of Bhagalpur University (Bhagalpur, Bihar) in the early 1960s.
During The Emergency, Jayaprakash Narayan had attracted a gathering of one lakh people at the Ramlila grounds and recited Dinkar's famous poem: Singhasan Khaali Karo Ke Janata Aaati Hai (Devanagari: सिंहासन खाली करो कि जनता आती है; "Vacate the throne, for the people come").[10]
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 65 reviews
September 8, 2013
Great Book that analyse the need and justification of war. A dialog between Yudhistir and Bhishma after the battle of Mahabharat was over. The victorious Yudhistir repenting the unjust actions in war
जहाँ छल से छद्म से गिराय गय वरन्य वीर आपसे, अभिमन्यू वध, दुर्योधन वध, हाय हम में बचा यहाँ कौन किस पाप से ? (In this war respected warrior like you have been put out by wrong means. Where both parties killed others eg Abhimanyu and Duryodhana by following unethical practices, all of us equal sinners)
And Bhishma tries to justify the actions:
पापी कौन? मनुष्य से उसका न्याय चुराने वाले ? या न्याय खोजता विघ्न का शीश उड़ाने वाला? (Who is the real sinner? He who depraves somebody from justice? Or he who destroys obstacles between him and the justice?)
Dinkar ji had rare courage to openly endorse the use of power over the philosophy "... To forgive is devine"
क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को जिसमे गरल हो न कीई उसको जो दन्त हीन विष रहित सरल हो (Only a poisonous snake can really forgive, there is no merit in the forgiveness by a poison-less weak snake. To forgive you need power)
जहाँ छल से छद्म से गिराय गय वरन्य वीर आपसे, अभिमन्यू वध, दुर्योधन वध, हाय हम में बचा यहाँ कौन किस पाप से ? (In this war respected warrior like you have been put out by wrong means. Where both parties killed others eg Abhimanyu and Duryodhana by following unethical practices, all of us equal sinners)
And Bhishma tries to justify the actions:
पापी कौन? मनुष्य से उसका न्याय चुराने वाले ? या न्याय खोजता विघ्न का शीश उड़ाने वाला? (Who is the real sinner? He who depraves somebody from justice? Or he who destroys obstacles between him and the justice?)
Dinkar ji had rare courage to openly endorse the use of power over the philosophy "... To forgive is devine"
क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को जिसमे गरल हो न कीई उसको जो दन्त हीन विष रहित सरल हो (Only a poisonous snake can really forgive, there is no merit in the forgiveness by a poison-less weak snake. To forgive you need power)
July 18, 2021
This is another masterpiece by Rashtrakavi Dinkarji and what a brilliant piece of work. Like Rashmirathi was prior to the great war, this is post war when Yudhishthira is ruminating about, to what avail was the war fought and Bhishma reminds him of his purpose and karma. Strongly recommended for the gems that it offers such as;
क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को
जिसके पास गरल हो
उसको क्या जो दंतहीन
विषरहित, विनीत, सरल हो।
क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को
जिसके पास गरल हो
उसको क्या जो दंतहीन
विषरहित, विनीत, सरल हो।
April 14, 2023
महाभारत के कुरुक्षेत्र युद्ध की कहानी जानी-मानी है, लेकिन दिनकर ने इसे कवितात्मक रूप में पेश किया है, जो वाकई उत्कृष्ट है।
यह भारतीय साहित्य का एक महान उपलब्धि है जिसे धर्मयुद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता है। इसमें दिनकर ने उम्दा कविता के रूप में कहानी को पेश किया है जो सुनने में बहुत ही रोचक होती है।
"कुरुक्षेत्र" रामधारी सिंह 'दिनकर' द्वारा लिखी गई एक भारतीय साहित्य की शानदार रचना है, जो हिंदू पौराणिक कथाओं में एक महत्वपूर्ण घटना मानी जाती है। इस किताब में चरित्रों की भावनाओं और जटिलताओं को बहुत ही सुंदर ढंग से प्रस्तुत किया गया है, जो नैतिकता, नैतिक मूल्यों और कर्तव्य के बारे में एक गहन चिंतन के रूप में उपलब्ध हैं।
दिनकर की कविता उत्कृष्ट और आकर्षक है, और यह पाठक को युद्ध के मैदान में ले जाती है, जहां वे संघर्ष के विभिन्न पहलुओं को हाइलाइट करते हुए इसमें शामिल चरित्रों की विभिन्न पहलुओं को उजागर करते हैं। इस किताब में तत्वज्ञान के सूक्ष्म विचार और आध्यात्मिक शिक्षाओं का भी उल्लेख है, जो इसे एक दिलचस्प पठन के रूप में बनाते हैं।
नीरज यादव ने इस ऑडियोबुक को उत्कृष्ट ढंग से अभिव्यक्त किया है। उन्होंने अपनी आवाज़ से चरित्रों को जीवंत कर दिया और कहानी को और भी रोचक बनाया। उनकी आवाज़ मोड्यूलेशन, टोन और गति सही थीं, जो ऑडियोबुक को सुनने के लिए बहुत ही आनंददायक बनाती हैं।
The story of the epic battle of Kurukshetra is well-known, but the way Dinkar has presented it in poetic form is truly awe-inspiring.
"Kurukshetra" by Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' is a masterpiece of Indian literature that narrates the story of the famous battle of Kurukshetra, which is considered a significant event in Hindu mythology. The book beautifully captures the emotions and complexities of the characters involved in the war and presents a profound reflection on morality, ethics, and duty.
I listened to the audiobook version of "Kurukshetra" by Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar', narrated by Neeraj Yadav, and I must say, it was an incredible experience.
Neeraj Yadav's narration of the book was exceptional, bringing the characters to life with his voice and making the story all the more engaging. His voice modulation, tone and pace were perfect, making the audiobook a pleasure to listen to.
The only reason why I am rating it 4 stars instead of 5 is that, at times, the narration felt a bit monotonous, which made it difficult to keep up with the story. However, this was a minor issue and did not detract from the overall quality of the book.
Overall, I highly recommend this audiobook to anyone who enjoys epic poetry or is interested in Indian literature. It is a classic work of Hindi literature, and Neeraj Yadav's narration only adds to its charm.
यह भारतीय साहित्य का एक महान उपलब्धि है जिसे धर्मयुद्ध के रूप में जाना जाता है। इसमें दिनकर ने उम्दा कविता के रूप में कहानी को पेश किया है जो सुनने में बहुत ही रोचक होती है।
"कुरुक्षेत्र" रामधारी सिंह 'दिनकर' द्वारा लिखी गई एक भारतीय साहित्य की शानदार रचना है, जो हिंदू पौराणिक कथाओं में एक महत्वपूर्ण घटना मानी जाती है। इस किताब में चरित्रों की भावनाओं और जटिलताओं को बहुत ही सुंदर ढंग से प्रस्तुत किया गया है, जो नैतिकता, नैतिक मूल्यों और कर्तव्य के बारे में एक गहन चिंतन के रूप में उपलब्ध हैं।
दिनकर की कविता उत्कृष्ट और आकर्षक है, और यह पाठक को युद्ध के मैदान में ले जाती है, जहां वे संघर्ष के विभिन्न पहलुओं को हाइलाइट करते हुए इसमें शामिल चरित्रों की विभिन्न पहलुओं को उजागर करते हैं। इस किताब में तत्वज्ञान के सूक्ष्म विचार और आध्यात्मिक शिक्षाओं का भी उल्लेख है, जो इसे एक दिलचस्प पठन के रूप में बनाते हैं।
नीरज यादव ने इस ऑडियोबुक को उत्कृष्ट ढंग से अभिव्यक्त किया है। उन्होंने अपनी आवाज़ से चरित्रों को जीवंत कर दिया और कहानी को और भी रोचक बनाया। उनकी आवाज़ मोड्यूलेशन, टोन और गति सही थीं, जो ऑडियोबुक को सुनने के लिए बहुत ही आनंददायक बनाती हैं।
The story of the epic battle of Kurukshetra is well-known, but the way Dinkar has presented it in poetic form is truly awe-inspiring.
"Kurukshetra" by Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' is a masterpiece of Indian literature that narrates the story of the famous battle of Kurukshetra, which is considered a significant event in Hindu mythology. The book beautifully captures the emotions and complexities of the characters involved in the war and presents a profound reflection on morality, ethics, and duty.
I listened to the audiobook version of "Kurukshetra" by Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar', narrated by Neeraj Yadav, and I must say, it was an incredible experience.
Neeraj Yadav's narration of the book was exceptional, bringing the characters to life with his voice and making the story all the more engaging. His voice modulation, tone and pace were perfect, making the audiobook a pleasure to listen to.
The only reason why I am rating it 4 stars instead of 5 is that, at times, the narration felt a bit monotonous, which made it difficult to keep up with the story. However, this was a minor issue and did not detract from the overall quality of the book.
Overall, I highly recommend this audiobook to anyone who enjoys epic poetry or is interested in Indian literature. It is a classic work of Hindi literature, and Neeraj Yadav's narration only adds to its charm.
November 26, 2016
The book focuses on 'Shanti Parv' of The Mahabharat , where Yudhisthir talks with Bheeshm about peace . The peace which was created by the endless pile of corpses . A peace which is haunting .
The book was written when the Second World War was just over and a seme kind of peace was prevailing . The author questions that is war the only resort to restore peace ? Is the peace created by war the same peace for which war was started ?
With some memorable quotes and undoubtedly wonderful writing yet the books slightly fails to match the sheer excellence of Dinkarji's best work - 'Rashmirathi' .
The book was written when the Second World War was just over and a seme kind of peace was prevailing . The author questions that is war the only resort to restore peace ? Is the peace created by war the same peace for which war was started ?
With some memorable quotes and undoubtedly wonderful writing yet the books slightly fails to match the sheer excellence of Dinkarji's best work - 'Rashmirathi' .
September 17, 2020
One of my favorite all-time read!!
July 9, 2020
If I could, I would have given it a hundred stars. It is such a marvelous piece of literature. I wish we explore the Indian literature more and give Hindi its due credit.
March 31, 2013
Caution :: Reader should be an expert in Hindi
Then only he/she can enjoy the book
Then only he/she can enjoy the book
May 8, 2021
Loved the language, wording and rhythm. Really admire the themes and discussion of the work. Learnt a lot of new words and discovered new meanings of old words.
Detailed review in some time.
Detailed review in some time.
May 14, 2016
"Kshama shobhti us bhujung ko
jiske paas garal ho,
usko kya jo danheen,
vish-rahit, vineet, saral ho"
No doubt, it is an exceptional book written by author, national poet of India, Ramdhaari Singh "Dinkar". It tells you about the stuffs bhishma said to yudhistir after the Mahabharata ended and when dharmraj refused to take up the throne as he thinks it is useless to rule the kingdom of dead bodies. Bhishma then explained him the duties of the king.
Whats good?
1. poetic style
2. use of words in rhyming
3. does not preach you all the time
4. explains the dilemma of human mind and his conscience
Whats bad?
1. hindi words can be really tough sometimes to understand.
jiske paas garal ho,
usko kya jo danheen,
vish-rahit, vineet, saral ho"
No doubt, it is an exceptional book written by author, national poet of India, Ramdhaari Singh "Dinkar". It tells you about the stuffs bhishma said to yudhistir after the Mahabharata ended and when dharmraj refused to take up the throne as he thinks it is useless to rule the kingdom of dead bodies. Bhishma then explained him the duties of the king.
Whats good?
1. poetic style
2. use of words in rhyming
3. does not preach you all the time
4. explains the dilemma of human mind and his conscience
Whats bad?
1. hindi words can be really tough sometimes to understand.
March 13, 2014
I haven't read much poetry, but Dinkar's simple poetry talks about today's scenario in simple words though it talks from the stage of Kurukshetra. The last parts where Bhishm talks to Arjun about how he should not go for Sanyaas and instead do what he is supposed to do, are really good.
June 26, 2018
I was blown away by the prose that Dinkar Saab has imagined and put on paper
Now I get the point why we were force fed Dinkar in 10th Grade, but Dinkar can hardly make sense at that age
You have to have lived a life, have had losses and wins, to truly appreciate Dinkar
Highly Recommended!!!
Now I get the point why we were force fed Dinkar in 10th Grade, but Dinkar can hardly make sense at that age
You have to have lived a life, have had losses and wins, to truly appreciate Dinkar
Highly Recommended!!!
September 30, 2024
Intriguing, thought provoking and philosophical.
The book is a perspective on what could possible be thoughts of Yudhisthir and Bhism Pitamah just after the Mahabharata war and victory of Pandavas.
The book is a perspective on what could possible be thoughts of Yudhisthir and Bhism Pitamah just after the Mahabharata war and victory of Pandavas.
April 15, 2013
You'll have to recite it to get the essence of this marvelous piece of poetry.
August 5, 2015
One of the best books ever read. this prosaic composition by dinkar conveyes some powerful opinions on peaces. taking protagonists from mythology he expresses himself in best possible way.
July 24, 2015
I have published the review on - http://ajitabhpandey.info/2015/07/kurukshetra-by-ramdhari-singh-dinkar/
October 3, 2015
Good one After Rashmirathi .
February 11, 2018
Epic Description of Mahabharata. Great read, swift poetic flow, and a natural pace.
December 7, 2023
Valuable nuggets of wisdom, especially most of the verses in the last two canto.
August 23, 2016
The national poet of India, Dinkar questions the futility of war in this epic poem. Yudhisthir, the eldest Pandav, after winnig the great war against his cousins, Kauravs, stands at the battlefield and feels nothig but despair. He understands that all the losses, deaths, wins have all been for nothing. In this desperation, he seeks answers and who else than Bheeshma, the great grand father of Kurus comes to the rescue. While on his deathbed, he has regrets of his own. Still, he helps Yudhisthir understand the necessity of war.
Dinkar has tried to put forward all sides of the epic battle and through it, his own predicaments regarding wars in current scenario. Even though this book was written almost 60 years back, the questions it raises are more pertinent now, than they ever were. He concludes on a sobering note that things can change, war can be stopped if only we, the humans, every single of us, care to look inside. If only, we care to look for the real meaning of life.
Dinkar has tried to put forward all sides of the epic battle and through it, his own predicaments regarding wars in current scenario. Even though this book was written almost 60 years back, the questions it raises are more pertinent now, than they ever were. He concludes on a sobering note that things can change, war can be stopped if only we, the humans, every single of us, care to look inside. If only, we care to look for the real meaning of life.
December 21, 2022
Samajh nahi aaya lekin padh ke bohot accha laga. Jokes apart, it is an easy read as far as Hindi literature is concerned. Verse structure could have been better in places, but who am I to judge. I feel that his work his very deeply ingrained in Indian culture, and Indian culture is very deeply ingrained in his work. I'd definitely put it in the top 3 recommendations for someone who wants a spiritual mapping of Indian culture (emphasis on Indian, not Sanatani), instead of a geographical/topographical one. As of late, however, his entire sentiment is lost on our demographic. If it were up to me I'd make Kurushetr a compulsory read for anyone who aspires to host people in any capacity as an orator.
March 1, 2021
I had to read this multiple times to better understand this beautiful philosophical poetry. Perhaps this was because I haven't read a hindi book in a long time and have lost touch with a language I grew up speaking. Anyway, this poem touched on two of my favourite topics - Mahabharata and philosophy of life. Dinkar was a true socialist like most people of his time and through the dialogue between Bhishma and Yudhishtra, he explores the relevance of wars and what humans should aspire for. Dinkar is not afraid to explore the dilemmas of human mind and adeptly provides answers in the course of the poem. Definitely recommended and I can't wait to rediscover this prodigious poet and essayist.
August 23, 2017
"vah kaun rota hai vahan itihas ke adhyaaya par
jis mein likhaa hai naujavaano ke lahoo kaa mol hai...."
A poem which starts with these lines and goes on to ask and answer more questions -
"pratyaya kisi boodhey kutil neetigya ke vyaahaar ka
jiska hradaya utna malin ki sheersh jitna valaksh hai;
jo aap to ladataa naheen katvaa kishoron ko magar,
aashwast hokar sochataa ......
shonit bahaa leykin gayee bach laaj saarey desh ki"
The beauty of the language, expressed with such mastery. Always will keep revisiting.
jis mein likhaa hai naujavaano ke lahoo kaa mol hai...."
A poem which starts with these lines and goes on to ask and answer more questions -
"pratyaya kisi boodhey kutil neetigya ke vyaahaar ka
jiska hradaya utna malin ki sheersh jitna valaksh hai;
jo aap to ladataa naheen katvaa kishoron ko magar,
aashwast hokar sochataa ......
shonit bahaa leykin gayee bach laaj saarey desh ki"
The beauty of the language, expressed with such mastery. Always will keep revisiting.
January 18, 2018
Some of my favorite stanzas are from this book.
क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को, जिसके पास गरल हो।
उसको क्या, जो दन्तहीन, विषरहित, विनीत, सरल हो?
सहनशीलता, क्षमा, दया को तभी पूजता जग है,
बल का दर्प चमकता उसके पीछे जब जगमग है।
क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को, जिसके पास गरल हो।
उसको क्या, जो दन्तहीन, विषरहित, विनीत, सरल हो?
सहनशीलता, क्षमा, दया को तभी पूजता जग है,
बल का दर्प चमकता उसके पीछे जब जगमग है।
January 2, 2016
I expected something like rashimrathi but in vain.
February 11, 2017
Epic and amazing
March 11, 2018
Just another marvel by Dinkar
May 30, 2021
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar (India's national poet) names his poem 'Kurukshetra' (the battlefield where the epic battle of Mahabharata was fought), not to retell the story of what went in the battle, but to showcase its aftermath, when after victory, Yudhishtir is grief-striken and guilt-ridden seeing the carcasses of thousands of army-men and his own relatives, and goes to Bhishm, his dying uncle, lying on a bed of arrows, to express his thoughts and seek guidance. Krishna thus becomes Bhishm-Pitamaha and Arjun, Yudhishtir.
What ensues is an awe-inducing argument in verse on why war and deaths are inevitable for the human race to gain stability and progress.
"और जो अनिवार्य है, उसके लिए
खिन्न या परितप्त होना व्यर्थ है।"
(And for that which is necessary,
it's useless to be excited or irritated.)
Bhishma argues that no act is right or wrong in isolation or in its own merit. Is peace righteous when a woman is forcibly violated or is anger? It is the duty of the oppressed, the defeated, the crushed, to be angry and agitated, since the victorious doesn't need war to start with, and would preach the morality of peace, unless his victory is threatened.
When Yudhishtir expresses the desire to be forgiving, pines for the missed opportunity when he could have been more forgiving and would have avoided the war, Bhishma teaches him the importance of the show of power and how it is a critical pre-requisite of forgiveness, lest you appear a coward.
"क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को,
जिसके पास गरल हो।
उसको क्या जो दंत हीन,
विश-रहित, विनीत, सरल हो।"
(Forgiveness suits the snake,
who can kill with its venom.
Not to the one which lack fangs,
And is simple and devoid of poison.)
The next pages are then dedicated to Bhishma's argument of why humans, born in an ideal socialist state of equality, needed rulers (because they failed to rule themselves); what led to the valued act of possession and competitive demeanor, and therefore, why, now victorious, Yudhishtir should devote his life in advancing the human lives he now so dearly rules. Had it been an ideal society, kings and kingdoms, and wars would have been irrelevant, but the reality was different, and therefore, asceticism and austerity, which now attracted him with a seemingly promised fruit of repentance was nothing but a mere delusion, for it was the hard work, of mind and of body, of being able to devote oneself for the betterment of others, of being able to fulfill the duty that comes with the power bestowed upon him, that would lead him to a true satisfaction, a true act of balance for the lives that were lost.
"सच है मनुज बड़ा पापी है,
नर का वध करता है।
पर, भूलो मत, मानव के हित
मानव ही मरता है।"
(It's true that man is a sinner,
for it's a man who kills a man.
But, forget not, that it is only a man
who dies for another's cause.)
Pardon me for an extremely poor translation, but I wanted non-Hindi people to also understand, to some extent, how important these words are. This is a book with lifetime worth of lessons on one's conduct and duty, and one which I will return to time and again for direction.
What ensues is an awe-inducing argument in verse on why war and deaths are inevitable for the human race to gain stability and progress.
"और जो अनिवार्य है, उसके लिए
खिन्न या परितप्त होना व्यर्थ है।"
(And for that which is necessary,
it's useless to be excited or irritated.)
Bhishma argues that no act is right or wrong in isolation or in its own merit. Is peace righteous when a woman is forcibly violated or is anger? It is the duty of the oppressed, the defeated, the crushed, to be angry and agitated, since the victorious doesn't need war to start with, and would preach the morality of peace, unless his victory is threatened.
When Yudhishtir expresses the desire to be forgiving, pines for the missed opportunity when he could have been more forgiving and would have avoided the war, Bhishma teaches him the importance of the show of power and how it is a critical pre-requisite of forgiveness, lest you appear a coward.
"क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को,
जिसके पास गरल हो।
उसको क्या जो दंत हीन,
विश-रहित, विनीत, सरल हो।"
(Forgiveness suits the snake,
who can kill with its venom.
Not to the one which lack fangs,
And is simple and devoid of poison.)
The next pages are then dedicated to Bhishma's argument of why humans, born in an ideal socialist state of equality, needed rulers (because they failed to rule themselves); what led to the valued act of possession and competitive demeanor, and therefore, why, now victorious, Yudhishtir should devote his life in advancing the human lives he now so dearly rules. Had it been an ideal society, kings and kingdoms, and wars would have been irrelevant, but the reality was different, and therefore, asceticism and austerity, which now attracted him with a seemingly promised fruit of repentance was nothing but a mere delusion, for it was the hard work, of mind and of body, of being able to devote oneself for the betterment of others, of being able to fulfill the duty that comes with the power bestowed upon him, that would lead him to a true satisfaction, a true act of balance for the lives that were lost.
"सच है मनुज बड़ा पापी है,
नर का वध करता है।
पर, भूलो मत, मानव के हित
मानव ही मरता है।"
(It's true that man is a sinner,
for it's a man who kills a man.
But, forget not, that it is only a man
who dies for another's cause.)
Pardon me for an extremely poor translation, but I wanted non-Hindi people to also understand, to some extent, how important these words are. This is a book with lifetime worth of lessons on one's conduct and duty, and one which I will return to time and again for direction.
July 29, 2024
A Timeless Epic - Kurukshetra by Ramdhari Singh Dinkar
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar's "Kurukshetra" is a monumental piece of literature that brilliantly captures the essence of the Mahabharata's great war, blending historical narrative with profound philosophical insights. Dinkar, often referred to as the "national poet" of India, demonstrates his unparalleled mastery over language and emotion in this epic poem.
From the very first stanza, Dinkar's vivid imagery and powerful verses transport readers to the battlefield of Kurukshetra. His portrayal of the war's brutality, the valor of the warriors, and the ethical dilemmas faced by the protagonists is both gripping and thought-provoking. The poet's ability to delve into the psyche of characters like Arjuna and Krishna adds depth to the narrative, making their internal conflicts and moral struggles resonate with readers on a personal level.
One of the most commendable aspects of "Kurukshetra" is Dinkar's eloquent exploration of themes such as duty, righteousness, and the futility of war. His reflective and often philosophical musings challenge readers to think deeply about the true nature of heroism and the cost of victory. As he writes:
*“युद्धों में कौन जीता? कौन हारा?
किसकी विजय? किसकी पराजय?
पता नहीं।”*
(Who won in wars? Who lost?
Whose victory? Whose defeat?
We do not know.)
These lines succinctly capture the ambiguity and moral complexity of war, prompting readers to reflect on the true nature of victory and defeat.
Moreover, Dinkar's command over the Hindi language is exceptional. His use of metaphors, similes, and rhythmic patterns enrich the poem, making it a delight to read. The lyrical quality of his writing ensures that each verse leaves a lasting impact, inviting readers to revisit and reflect upon the lines long after they have turned the final page. For instance, his description of the battlefield is both haunting and beautiful:
*“सैनिकों की लाशें बिछी थीं धरा पर,
वीरता के फूल खिलते हैं लहू में।”*
(The corpses of soldiers lay scattered on the ground,
Bravery blooms in the blood.)
In conclusion, "Kurukshetra" by Ramdhari Singh Dinkar is a literary masterpiece that transcends the boundaries of time and culture. It is a work that not only narrates a historical event but also offers profound wisdom and insight. This epic poem is a must-read for anyone interested in Indian literature, philosophy, and the timeless lessons embedded in the fabric of human history. Dinkar's "Kurukshetra" is a true testament to his genius and a jewel in the crown of Indian poetry.
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar's "Kurukshetra" is a monumental piece of literature that brilliantly captures the essence of the Mahabharata's great war, blending historical narrative with profound philosophical insights. Dinkar, often referred to as the "national poet" of India, demonstrates his unparalleled mastery over language and emotion in this epic poem.
From the very first stanza, Dinkar's vivid imagery and powerful verses transport readers to the battlefield of Kurukshetra. His portrayal of the war's brutality, the valor of the warriors, and the ethical dilemmas faced by the protagonists is both gripping and thought-provoking. The poet's ability to delve into the psyche of characters like Arjuna and Krishna adds depth to the narrative, making their internal conflicts and moral struggles resonate with readers on a personal level.
One of the most commendable aspects of "Kurukshetra" is Dinkar's eloquent exploration of themes such as duty, righteousness, and the futility of war. His reflective and often philosophical musings challenge readers to think deeply about the true nature of heroism and the cost of victory. As he writes:
*“युद्धों में कौन जीता? कौन हारा?
किसकी विजय? किसकी पराजय?
पता नहीं।”*
(Who won in wars? Who lost?
Whose victory? Whose defeat?
We do not know.)
These lines succinctly capture the ambiguity and moral complexity of war, prompting readers to reflect on the true nature of victory and defeat.
Moreover, Dinkar's command over the Hindi language is exceptional. His use of metaphors, similes, and rhythmic patterns enrich the poem, making it a delight to read. The lyrical quality of his writing ensures that each verse leaves a lasting impact, inviting readers to revisit and reflect upon the lines long after they have turned the final page. For instance, his description of the battlefield is both haunting and beautiful:
*“सैनिकों की लाशें बिछी थीं धरा पर,
वीरता के फूल खिलते हैं लहू में।”*
(The corpses of soldiers lay scattered on the ground,
Bravery blooms in the blood.)
In conclusion, "Kurukshetra" by Ramdhari Singh Dinkar is a literary masterpiece that transcends the boundaries of time and culture. It is a work that not only narrates a historical event but also offers profound wisdom and insight. This epic poem is a must-read for anyone interested in Indian literature, philosophy, and the timeless lessons embedded in the fabric of human history. Dinkar's "Kurukshetra" is a true testament to his genius and a jewel in the crown of Indian poetry.
October 4, 2025
कुरुक्षेत्र [Kurukshetra] is a powerful epic Hindi poem by Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar', divided into seven chapters that dive into the philosophical aftermath of the catastrophic Mahabharata war.
The poem centers on a critical conversation between Yudhishthir, the eldest of the Pandavas, and his mentor, Bhishma Pitamah, immediately after the 18-day war. Yudhishthir, weighed down by the guilt of the victory, approaches Bhishma as he lies dying on the deathbed of arrows. Yudhishthir questions the very foundation of the conflict: was all the violence, destruction, and the loss of an entire generation truly necessary? After all, the Kauravas and Pandavas were cousins, sharing the same bloodline.
In reply, Bhishma undertakes the herculean task of justifying the war. He explains that the fighting was ultimately necessary to establish righteousness (Dharma) and uphold duty. The systemic injustice that the Kauravas inflicted upon the Pandavas for the throne of Hastinapur eventually led to this catalysmic war as the final option. Bhishma also offers deep personal reflections on his own choices and the long-standing tussle between the cousins. He ponders on the possibility that things could have been different. Bhishma eventually acknowledges that wars are never fair, and no one is truly innocent on the battlefield and the reason why Sri Krishna revealed the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna on the battlefield.
Dinkar masterfully expresses all these complex philosophical and moral arguments through his elevated poetic language. He even includes footnotes to help the reader navigate some of the more complex phrases but familiarity with the Mahabharata will certainly help. This is a thought-provoking work is still valid in today’s world.
The poem centers on a critical conversation between Yudhishthir, the eldest of the Pandavas, and his mentor, Bhishma Pitamah, immediately after the 18-day war. Yudhishthir, weighed down by the guilt of the victory, approaches Bhishma as he lies dying on the deathbed of arrows. Yudhishthir questions the very foundation of the conflict: was all the violence, destruction, and the loss of an entire generation truly necessary? After all, the Kauravas and Pandavas were cousins, sharing the same bloodline.
In reply, Bhishma undertakes the herculean task of justifying the war. He explains that the fighting was ultimately necessary to establish righteousness (Dharma) and uphold duty. The systemic injustice that the Kauravas inflicted upon the Pandavas for the throne of Hastinapur eventually led to this catalysmic war as the final option. Bhishma also offers deep personal reflections on his own choices and the long-standing tussle between the cousins. He ponders on the possibility that things could have been different. Bhishma eventually acknowledges that wars are never fair, and no one is truly innocent on the battlefield and the reason why Sri Krishna revealed the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna on the battlefield.
Dinkar masterfully expresses all these complex philosophical and moral arguments through his elevated poetic language. He even includes footnotes to help the reader navigate some of the more complex phrases but familiarity with the Mahabharata will certainly help. This is a thought-provoking work is still valid in today’s world.
December 23, 2025
वह कौन रोता है वहां,
इतिहास के अध्याय पर,
जिसमें लिखा है नौजवानों के लहू का मोल है,
प्रत्यय किसी बूढ़े कुटिल नीतिज्ञ के व्यवहार का,
जिसका हृदय उतना मलिन, जितना कि शीर्ष वलक्ष है,
जो आप तो लड़ता नहीं,
कटवा किशोरों को मगर
आश्वस्त होकर सोचता,
शोणित बहा,, लेकिन गई बच लाज पूरे देश की।।।
उपरोक्त पंक्तियों से कुरुक्षेत्र का प्रथम सर्ग शुरू होता है, और शुरू में लगेगा कि धृतराष्ट्र ये सब बातें सोच रहे हैं, परन्तु आगे पढ़ते पढ़ते थोड़ा थोड़ा लगने लगता है कि युधिष्ठिर के विचार लिखे गए हैं। और द्वितीय सर्ग तक जाते जाते ज्ञात होता है कि बाणों की शैय्या पर लेटे भीष्म पितामह और युधिष्ठिर के बीच संवाद का कुछ टुकड़ा उठकर दिनकर साहब ने हमको सुनाया है और उसी को हमलोग "कुरुक्षेत्र" के नाम से जान रहे हैं।
"द्रौपदी हो दिव्य वस्त्रालंकृता,
और हम भोगें अहम्मय राज्य यह।
पुत्र पतिहीना इसी से तो हुईं,
कोटि माताएं, करोड़ों नारियां। "
कुरुक्षेत्र महाराज युधिष्ठिर का अपराध बोध है, उनकी दुविधा है। युद्ध भूमि के अंतिम क्षणों का विलाप है जो विजय के उल्लास से ज्यादा प्रभाव दे रही है। और भीष्म पितामह का अकूत ज्ञान है, मृत्यु शैय्या पर लेटा हुआ एक ऐसा महापुरुष जिसने जीवन भर त्याग किया हो निःसंदेह ही उनको ये पता है कि युद्ध क्यों जरूरी है और निःस्वार्थ त्याग के क्या दुष्परिणाम हैं।
"महाभारत नहीं था द्वंद्व केवल दो घरों का,
अनल का पुंज था इसमें भरा अगणित नरों का।"
एक ओर युधिष्ठिर जो हो गया है उसके लिए रोते दिखते हैं और एक ओर भीष्म पितामह उनको ये समझते जाते हैं कि जो हुआ है वो जरूरी क्यों था.. !!!
कुरुक्षेत्र भारतीय काव्य की शिरोमणि पुस्तक है। और आप चाहें तो इसका संगीतबद्ध पाठ भी कर सकते हैं। कहीं कहीं आप दिनकर जी के जीवन की समझ पर आश्चर्य करते हुए नजर आएंगे और कहीं कहीं आप खुद इतने भावुक हो जायेंगे कि वो एक क्षण वाला रोमांच महसूस कर सकेंगे जो आम तौर पर empathy फील करने पर होता है।
हो सकता है कुरुक्षेत्र के अपने अनुभव मैं आगे भी लिखूं , ये मेरा फाइनल रिव्यू नहीं है।
इतिहास के अध्याय पर,
जिसमें लिखा है नौजवानों के लहू का मोल है,
प्रत्यय किसी बूढ़े कुटिल नीतिज्ञ के व्यवहार का,
जिसका हृदय उतना मलिन, जितना कि शीर्ष वलक्ष है,
जो आप तो लड़ता नहीं,
कटवा किशोरों को मगर
आश्वस्त होकर सोचता,
शोणित बहा,, लेकिन गई बच लाज पूरे देश की।।।
उपरोक्त पंक्तियों से कुरुक्षेत्र का प्रथम सर्ग शुरू होता है, और शुरू में लगेगा कि धृतराष्ट्र ये सब बातें सोच रहे हैं, परन्तु आगे पढ़ते पढ़ते थोड़ा थोड़ा लगने लगता है कि युधिष्ठिर के विचार लिखे गए हैं। और द्वितीय सर्ग तक जाते जाते ज्ञात होता है कि बाणों की शैय्या पर लेटे भीष्म पितामह और युधिष्ठिर के बीच संवाद का कुछ टुकड़ा उठकर दिनकर साहब ने हमको सुनाया है और उसी को हमलोग "कुरुक्षेत्र" के नाम से जान रहे हैं।
"द्रौपदी हो दिव्य वस्त्रालंकृता,
और हम भोगें अहम्मय राज्य यह।
पुत्र पतिहीना इसी से तो हुईं,
कोटि माताएं, करोड़ों नारियां। "
कुरुक्षेत्र महाराज युधिष्ठिर का अपराध बोध है, उनकी दुविधा है। युद्ध भूमि के अंतिम क्षणों का विलाप है जो विजय के उल्लास से ज्यादा प्रभाव दे रही है। और भीष्म पितामह का अकूत ज्ञान है, मृत्यु शैय्या पर लेटा हुआ एक ऐसा महापुरुष जिसने जीवन भर त्याग किया हो निःसंदेह ही उनको ये पता है कि युद्ध क्यों जरूरी है और निःस्वार्थ त्याग के क्या दुष्परिणाम हैं।
"महाभारत नहीं था द्वंद्व केवल दो घरों का,
अनल का पुंज था इसमें भरा अगणित नरों का।"
एक ओर युधिष्ठिर जो हो गया है उसके लिए रोते दिखते हैं और एक ओर भीष्म पितामह उनको ये समझते जाते हैं कि जो हुआ है वो जरूरी क्यों था.. !!!
कुरुक्षेत्र भारतीय काव्य की शिरोमणि पुस्तक है। और आप चाहें तो इसका संगीतबद्ध पाठ भी कर सकते हैं। कहीं कहीं आप दिनकर जी के जीवन की समझ पर आश्चर्य करते हुए नजर आएंगे और कहीं कहीं आप खुद इतने भावुक हो जायेंगे कि वो एक क्षण वाला रोमांच महसूस कर सकेंगे जो आम तौर पर empathy फील करने पर होता है।
हो सकता है कुरुक्षेत्र के अपने अनुभव मैं आगे भी लिखूं , ये मेरा फाइनल रिव्यू नहीं है।
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