Le nouvel esprit scientifique

by Gaston Bachelard

« Saisir la pensée scientifique contemporaine dans sa dialectique et en montrer ainsi la nouveauté essentielle, tel est le but philosophique de ce petit livre. » Cette phrase de Gaston Bachelard donne l'ambition du projet. Ell souligne ainsi la tonalité d'un texte manifeste qui entend contribuer à la refondation de l'épistémologie dans sa dynamique entre « l'identité des lois et la diversité des choses ».
Il ne faut pas en effet se tromper dans le mouvement historique : c'est la science qui crée la philosophie et non le contraire. Il ne s'agit pas de jouer l'alternance du rationalisme et du réalisme : l'expérimentation et le raisonnement ne sont ni dissociables, ni interchangeables. La phrase-clé est ici : « L'expérience scientifique est une raison confirmée ».
Publié pour la première fois en 1934, ce travail s'inscrit dans l'émergence de la géométrie non euclidienne, de la mécanique non newtonienne, et dans la perspective d'une épistémologie non cartésienne susceptible de rendre compte de la science physique contemporaine.

Genres: Philosophy, Science, Nonfiction, History Of Science

Paperback

First published January 1, 1934

About the author

Gaston Bachelard was a French philosopher who rose to some of the most prestigious positions in the French academy. His most important work is on poetics and on the philosophy of science. To the latter he introduced the concepts of epistemological obstacle and epistemological break (obstacle épistémologique et rupture épistémologique). He influenced many subsequent French philosophers, among them Michel Foucault and Louis Althusser.

Reviews

[Mohamedridha Alaskari محمد رضا العسكري · Rating 4 out of 5]

معلوم ان هذا الكتاب يعتبر كلاسيكيا لكنه طُبع مرات عديدة وتمت ترجمته الى لغات عديدة ومنها العربية.

وهنا اود ان اشير لأمر مهم في كتابات باشلار كوني اعتبره الاساس للإبتسمولوجيا الحديثة واعتق امتداده العالم الكبير كارل بوبر.

فمنذ اختراع الجبر مع الخوارزمي والتحولات التي احدثتها اختراعات غاليلو اثناء تطبيقه الرياضيات على الالظواهر الطبيعية لأن "الأرقام لا تخطئ" فقد حقق قفزة نوعية بهذه التطبيقات والاكتشافات، وصولا الى القفزة النوعية والحاسمة الني احدثها العالم الكبير البرت اينشتاين الذي يعتبر لحد هذه اللحظة منهجا علميا بدون منازع؛ من هذا التحول الكبير بدأ باشلار دراسته للإبتسمولوجيا الواقعية او ما يسمى الفلسفة الواقعية التي جمع بها مابين الفلسفة الوضعية والفلسفة التفسيرية واعتقد انه قد حقق نجاح غير مسبوق بهذا
المجال.

الفصول الاولى للكتاب سلسة وسهلة لكني وجدت بعض العمق والتشعبفي الفصلين الاخيرين، كتابة موفقة وممتعة جدا

[Palomo · Rating 5 out of 5]

J'ai mis 15 minutes à comprendre chaque page, mais ça valait le coup

[Antonis Maronikolakis · Rating 3 out of 5]

This is a philosophical piece on the processes of scientific reasoning and development. The writing is smooth and despite the sometimes “scientific” subjects, it is easy to follow for most of the time. An enjoyable read that I highly recommend if you can pick it up on the cheap and you are interested in the philosophy of science.

Most of the chapters require some knowledge in physics, ranging from basic stuff to more advanced concepts. The more advanced chapters are a bit difficult to follow if one only has the basics down (like me), but with a little effort the contents can be digested in a timely manner.

All in all, if you have some basic understanding in physics, are willing to do a tad bit of research on the side (to receive the full effect of the writing) and want to read on the philosophy of science, this is a nice addition to your library.

[Imaneeh · Rating 5 out of 5]

A great book, you'll need some basic knowledge in sciences' philosophy, he has pointed on the relationship between the scientist's psychology and the science itself, the reading was fluid and explained the things in a simple easy to understand way.

[Romulo · Rating 2 out of 5]

provavelmente o melhor livro já escrito sobre os deslocamentos do cálculo tensorial na geometria não-euclidiana. 2 estrelas.

[Sam Stabler · Rating 5 out of 5]

A model of science that works.

[Maria · Rating 3 out of 5]

um inferno de ler, mas entendo a importância

[Joana Mailharrancin · Rating 3 out of 5]

J'ai bien aimé ce que j'ai compris du livre, mais le niveau de culture des sciences et de la philosophie est trop élevé pour que je puisse pleinement apprécier ce livre.

[Vincent Garin · Rating 5 out of 5]

Masterpims framboise

[Dupin · Rating 4 out of 5]

This was a nice read. I thoroughly enjoyed it. Very readable and concise.

The middle chapters do require some knowledge in physics and chemistry, but the concepts are showcase in an easy to read manner, so even people not adept in the subjects can understand what is going on and follow along.

I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in the philosophy of science.

[Ian Slagle · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is a short book, with a flowery approach to language of scientific topics that for whatever reason, I didn't find to be a problem as in other books, where that gets in the way of precision. I tore through this in one afternoon, and eagerly wanted more of Bachelard's work. Unfortunately, that didn't quite work out, but this book I loved.

[David · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is a brilliant and very readable exploration of the dialectical process of scientific discovery. Bachelard clearly explains key advances in mathematics and physics, and how they demonstrate the onward march of discovery.

I'm definitely going to read more of his work.

[Asim Bakhshi · Rating 4 out of 5]

Read only the first and last chapter, and its simply amazing in terms of insights into the modern epistemology of science and how it shifted from the classical Cartesian one.