This is the third volume of a series of the new translation of the Chinese classical novel generally known as "The Water Margin." In this volume, the company of outlaws on Mount Liang continues to a butcher, a blacksmith, a public executioner, a petty thief... and the usual generals defecting from the government forces. Lu Zhishen, the Flowery Monk, and his companions from Twin Dragon Peak reappear and finally join the company, uniting two important strands of the story. Some episodes are relatively a tiger is stolen, an innkeeper's favorite rooster is illicitly eaten, Iron Ox is lowered to the bottom of a well and nearly gets forgotten. But in general the mood is darker. The naked bodies of a lecherous wife is carved up, an innocent child is mercilessly dispatched to gain a reluctant recruit. Chao Gai, the leader on Mount Liang, is killed in battle. Song Jiang replaces him, but for how long can he control his unruly forces? Despite the attraction of the life on the marshes, with its rootless freedom and rough code of honor, we are not to forget how the story was launched, when 108 Demon Princes were released in a black cloud. This series of new translation by John and Alex Dent-Young is also the first English translation of the 120-chapter version of "The Water Margin."
Shi Nai'an (Chinese: 施耐庵; pinyin: Shī Nài'ān, ca. 1296–1372), was a Chinese writer from Suzhou. He was attributed as the first compiler of the Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. Library of Congress Authorities: Shi, Nai’an, approximately 1290-approximately 1365
Not much biographical information is known about him. Traditionally it was believed that he was a teacher of Luo Guanzhong, who was attributed as a main compiler of Romance of Three Kingdoms, another of the Four Great Classical Novels. Some modern scholars doubt that Shi actually existed, but was merely a pseudonym for Luo himself.
This is the third volume of this translation of Water Margin (aka The Marshes of Mt. Liang), and it continues to be historically interesting, but somewhat repetitive and tedious for modern tastes. Not to mention morally deplorable.
As the title of this volume implies, the bulk of the 108 baleful stars, in the guise of bandit heroes, descend on Mt. Liang, thick and fast. Quite a number of them arrive as attackers, who are captured and then switch sides. I guess we're supposed to see this as "fate" and accept it, but a modern reader finds these guys lacking in honor and spine.
This volume begins with Song Jiang (who's a bit of an idiot) sneaking home to find his family and bring them out, only to find they're under house arrest and he gets captured, too. Heaven intervenes (literally). Then various other heroes try to collect their relatives, get caught or involved in fights, and then they bring some of their opponents back to Mt. Liang with them.
Magic is introduced in one long siege sequence, and Taoist Gongsun has to be sought out and begged to rejoin. His magic beats the government magic. More and more of the battles involve sieges of cities, towns or castles. The bandits have some artillery, once they capture Thunderer, but they seem to lack a real siege train in this section; which means they win battles over cities by tricking somebody to come out, or by sneaking confederates through the gates.
Toward the end the character known as the Jade Unicorn is lured down to Mt. Liang, and there will be many attempts to get him to take over the command from Song Jiang.
The problem with these stories is that the innocent victims keep piling up. Children are murdered to force bandits to join; families are murdered, in very Mob ways; the bandits frame prospective bandits for crimes they didn't commit, so that they have to come to Mt. Liang or be arrested. Later in the volume the narration keeps mentioning how Song Jiang's army moves around the country and doesn't harm the populace, as if to offset the evil they do at other times. Hmmm. I expect the bandits to start talking about the "deep State" pretty soon.
The audiences for these stories clearly did not especially love their leaders.
This is the third book of the five-volume Dent-Young translation of the Chinese classic usually known as "Water Margin." The translation is clear and easy to read, using tags such as the Professor or the Magic Messenger to help distinguish the large cast of characters. This volume has many fantasy elements, from the aforementioned Magic Messenger's speedy walking, to spells and counterspells deployed during battles. It's clear that the reader is meant to root for the 108 heroes of the marshes, delighting in their victories over evil government officials. On becoming the leader of the heroes, Song Jiang expresses his intention "that together we may follow heaven's path."
Had I managed to root for the heroes, I think I would have enjoyed this quite a bit, yet I didn't succeed in suspending my dislike of them. In this third volume, the hero Morbid "advanced on [his wife], dug out her tongue with his knife and cut it off, which put an end to the screams," then killed her. In another lovely incident, following Song Jiang's orders, the hero Iron Ox killed a boy of only about four years old. Likewise, Song Jiang ordered "Gao Lian's family, young and old, good and bad, thirty or forty people in all, executed in the market-place." Hey ho.
Not being enamored of the characters, I found myself appreciating secondary aspects of the book. For instance, I very much like the inclusion of Ming dynasty engravings to illustrate the story. And I like the details of finery, food, weapons, which provide a glance into life in China hundreds of years ago.
In der sehr kurzen Einleitung zu dem dritten Band der Übersetzung des Shuihuzhuan kündigen die Übersetzer eine Änderung an - die chinesischen Namen werden ab sofort deutlich reduziert, und stattdessen lieber die übersetzten Spitznamen der Helden gebraucht.
Für westliche Leser sind die chinesischen Namen vielleicht wirklich ein Stolperstein - doch sie praktisch ganz wegzulassen und nur noch die Spitznamen zu verwenden, ist für Kenner des Werks eine kleine Enttäuschung; insbesondere, da die Spitznamen auch sehr prosaisch übersetzt wurden. "Madcap" anstelle von "Tollkühner dritter Bruder" für Shi Xiu ist schon ein Stilbruch, wenn auch inhaltlich gerade noch passend; aber Yan Shun, den "Vielfarbigen Tiger", nun "Dandy" zu nennen oder Zheng Tianshou, den "Hellhäutigen Lebemann", als "Whitey" zu bezeichnen - das ist nicht wirklich der passende Ton. Diese Ehrennamen, die auch mit einen Reiz des Shuihuzhuan ausmachen, so zu dekonstruieren und aus Ehrenbezeichnungen einfach Gassennamen wie "Uglymug" zu machen, ist der größte Schwachpunkt der Dent-Young-Übersetzung; da sind sowohl Buck als auch Shapiro besser gewesen. Besonders die bei häufiger Verwendung auftretende Kürzung der Namen wie von "Morbid Swordsman" auf nur noch "Morbid" oder auch "Tamer of Three Mountains" zu nur noch "Tamer" ist dann die Krönung der Entwertung und vernichtet viel Atmosphäre. Wir reden hier ja nicht von einer Schülergang, sondern von inkarnierten Dämonenprinzen, und da wäre etwas mehr Respekt diesen Namen gegenüber angebracht. Ganz albern wird es schließlich in Kapitel 55, als der "Supremo" auftaucht - da fehlt ja nur noch "El Backo" und der "Commandante".
An einigen wenigen Stellen allerdings finde ich diese Entfernung vom Original auch passend: Hu Sanniang als "Steelbright", Hua Rong als "The Archer" oder Guo Sheng als "Halberdier" haben im Original Namen, die wenig sprechend sind und sehr erklärungsbedürftig wären, und die Benennung der Dent-Youngs ist hier immer noch klingend.
Schade ist auch, dass die zumindest noch im ersten Band vorhandenen, wenigen Endnoten komplett gestrichen wurden; einige Sachverhalte wären doch erklärungswürdig und sind für Laien schwer verständlich. Man muss ja nicht so vorgehen wie Moss Roberts bei seiner Übersetzung des Sanguo Yanyi (Drei Königreiche), und fast jeden Satz kommentieren; aber hin und wieder fände ich eine Erläuterung der in Gedichten verwendeten Eigennamen und Ortsbezeichnungen schon hilfreich - so muss der Uneingeweihte einfach drüber weglesen.
Trotz aller Kritikpunkte - insgesamt eine gelungene, äußerst lesbare Übersetzung.