An early (2011) entry in the Lovecraftian-but-confronting-Lovecraft's-awful-worldview genre, which is probably reaching its saturation point these days. Unlike the more recent examples, this one isn't explicitly a Mythos tale, but does take place in 1911, and features not-so-eldritch creatures and backwoods cultists, but also "rational" eugenicists (hence the titular wordplay).
We have two protagonists here - Andrew Waggoner, a black doctor, and Jason Thistledown, a white country boy who just lost his family and town to a mysterious plague, only to be picked up soon after by a conveniently-arriving aunt. Both find themselves in Eliada, Idaho, a planned Utopian community that is, surprisingly enough, hiding a Dark Secret (or two).
Nickle, I believe, is most well-known as a short story writer, and everything here works well on a micro level - there are some super creepy scenes, the dialogue mostly rings true, the prose is solid, etc. I'm not sure that I was convinced on a macro level, though. My chief problem is that, for this to be the rejoinder to Lovecraft that I (and presumably Nickle) wanted it to be, then there would have to be at least the illusion of eugenics as a viable ideology, some sort of real attraction either on the part of the characters or the readers. Thistledown doesn't push back too hard against his eugenicist aunt at first, but he doesn't much care for what she she's preaching, either.
Nickle is more successful when tackling religion, an outgrowth of the narcotic hallucinogen produced by the monsters. A large part of this is due to the fact that this part is Waggoner's story, and he's a much more interesting character than Thistledown. I loved the fact that his visions of "Heaven" were as much about his (relatively) racially-peaceful time in med school in Paris as they are religion. Both eugenics and religion are about better worlds than this one in the hereafter, but it felt at times as if Nickle couldn't decide which he was more interested in tackling.
There are, further, some moral inconsistencies at the heart of the novel that just don't ring true. Thistledown, inheritor of his father's "gunfighter" genes, is noted by the central eugenicist as a heroic specimen of humanity (and don't get me started on her criteria). The monsters, meanwhile, are succored and worshiped by inbred, backwoods mountain folk, an unwashed horde straight out of Lovecraft, who are not exactly striking any blows against eugenicist technocratic ideals. There's a lot of female suffering, but the book is entirely centered on male characters (this culminates in a truly ludicrous sex scene, which itself leads to the even-more ludicrous realization, days later, that the woman in question is now pregnant).
I also wish the monsters hadn't been quite so rationalized. They aren't a million miles off from the xenomorphs from the Alien films (with more hallucinations). This suits a novel about birth and breeding and sterilization and body horror, but if we're setting out to critique an overly-rationalized post-Enlightenment worldview, maybe our monsters should sit outside of it? The only thing not fully spelled out are their origins, which one assumes will be filled by the sequel left quite obviously looming by the end of this one. Of course, Waggoner's medical training is what allows him to understand what the creatures are doing, so maybe anti-positivism was an unfair expectation on my part.
All that said, again, I have to emphasize that a lot of the set pieces worked quite well, and Nickle is masterful at using sound to set a creepy mood, which is an uncommon skill. Overall, I think this was a missed opportunity, but parts of it did work well enough that I remain intrigued by Nickle's other work.