TLDR: Each story follows the same general pattern: female characters act as accessories as clever white male capitalists puzzle through the key to out-maneuvering alien species or adversaries either figuratively or literally for financial gain, through psychological/anthropological analysis of motivations or physical science and tactics. This pattern is executed by Anderson with a great level of skill and intelligence, especially scientifically. If this sounds appealing to you, then read this book because it is really good at doing this one thing, but it's not as deep as it tries to be.
This collection of stories was definitely entertaining, and I would generally recommend it to people interested in hard sci-fi. Poul Anderson is impressive in his scientific detail and the way in which the plot of the stories is generally very closely tied with a concrete scientific phenomenon and its impacts on the evolution of a species, economics, or other logistical consequences. I haven't read much hard sci-fi, and I found myself appreciating--if not fully understanding--a lot of the scientific detail.
The role of women in the stories is terribly disappointing as the primary purpose of all the female human characters is very clearly only to be objects of male goals, actions and sexual desire. Unless I'm forgetting a scene, all 7 of the stories fail the Bechdel test, even including female aliens, which is a sad, sad statement. And on that note, even though Chee Lan, one of the main supporting characters is a female cat-like being, her role is simple and constrained and her characterization is quite one-note and superficial, as are those of Adzel, a male Buddhist dragon-like being who is also meant to act as a supporting foil but whose perspective and motivations are disappointingly closely aligned with the rest of the main characters.
Along similar lines, I was also disappointed by the way that Anderson's gestures at complex anthropological and psychological studies all boil down to relatively simplistic and repetitive perspectives. He makes a great show of many of the stories hinging on his characters needing to suss out the underlying evolutionary and anthropological causes of the motivations and social structures of various alien species. These explorations are often interesting, but ultimately they all fall into the same pattern that these complex interactions can be understood, summarized, and exploited for financial gain with relative ease by his white, male laissez-faire capitalist lead characters. This eventually makes for pretty repetitive fare as we get no real diversity of perspective, and all alien species end up being equally predictable and understandable from a single lens after some token chin-scratching by Falkayn and/or van Rijn.
I was pleasantly surprised, though, that my initial assessment was wrong that the whole work was a rather transparent parable in favor of the power and rightness of laissez faire capitalism. The protagonists are part of a merchant guild working behind the back of a government shown to be bureaucratic, foolish and petty, and the heroes are generally characterized as promoting social good for alien species by opening up new markets via the soft power of economic exploitation and often also the hard power of technological might and threats of retribution. This was starting to get tiresome for me, but further into the collection, Anderson introduces more nuance into his treatment of the Polesotechnic League and galactic government and more explicitly describes the drawbacks and damage caused by the League's single-minded focus on profits, with a capstone story that for better or worse favors altruism over profit. So while I was initially put off by this aspect of the stories, I felt Anderson redeemed himself and showed a fair amount of complexity in the end.
In all, if you're looking for some pretty straightforward sci-fi entertainment, I think this is a solid offering by a talented author. If however, you're looking for something challenging and complex, I think you'll find this collection lacking. In the progression and resolution of each story, Anderson seems to imply that the work is clever and complex and revelatory of deep truths, but ultimately I think it falls short of the standard Anderson seems to be trying to set for himself.