Charlemae Hill Rollins (June 20, 1897 – February 3, 1979)was a pioneering librarian, writer and storyteller in the area of African-American literature. During her thirty-one years as head librarian of the children's department at the Chicago Public Library as well as after her retirement, she instituted substantial reforms in children's literature.
Rollins served as president of the Children's Services Division of the American Library Association from 1957 to 1958. She was the first black librarian to hold the position. She also chaired the Jane Addams Children's Book Award Committee for the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, as well as the Newbery-Caldecott Award Committee from 1956-1957. Rollins served on the advisory committee for the Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books at the University of Chicago from 1941-1977.