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Gobustan: Azerbaijan

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English, Italian, Russian

96 pages, Paperback

Published January 1, 2001

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Emmanuel Anati

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Profile Image for Petra X: Tbilisi - graffiti capital of the world.
2,500 reviews35.7k followers
July 22, 2026
Gobustan isn't very attractive when looking landside - it's a desert and the hills are bare rock with dust swirling in eddies, sweeping down in swathes or raised by cars driven by manic drivers. It's bloody hot down here and what wind there is, is laden with dust. But the other side is towards the Caspian Sea, blue and sparkling and filled with the oil tankers that keep this country rich.

When we got off the road into a jeep which stank of body odour and cigarettes, we bounced along for endless kilometres, the driver and guide without seatbelts laughing every time we hit a bump (which he did deliberately) or swerved to avoid a car coming towards us. This was the only way to the mud volcanos, and later to Fire Mountain. I wanted to drive, I'm used to much more challenging off-road driving than this, but the guide said the driver would want a tip. He demanded a 30% one in any case.

There were little hills of grey mud everywhere, with small craters pockmarking the ground, bigger cone shapes with bubbling brown mud running down the sides, building up the volcano walls even as we watched. And dried mud cracked in pieces so hard they were like clay. Apart from the eerieness of this weird moonscape these bubbling pools of mud were not amazing, I've seen more bubbly pools in 'the world's only drive-in volcano' Sulphur Springs in St. Lucia.

Next stop was Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape, after visiting the museum which explained all the petroglyphs. I had a 'moment' when the driver said that the sandstone was so soft you could scratch it with your fingernail. Previously I had thought that petroglyphs were probably meaningful. Maybe records of hunts, wishes for a good outcome of something, shamanistic symbols. Now I wasn't so sure. There are thousands of these petroglyphs here. Maybe they were doodles?

Maybe sitting around a camp fire, someone was talking at length and someone else was scratching away? Maybe those who were really artistic needed a canvas that lasted longer than the organic materials they had and have been lost to time? The guide said that there were very few pictures of women, mostly men, and those of women were presumed to be fertility symbols.

But maybe the men were out hunting and the women having some time on their hands at home, just felt like drawing some dancers or their men out on a hunt? Maybe the fat women petroglyphs were just that, fat women. I don't know. The museum was honest saying that it was all guess work what the petroglyphs actually meant and why they were done. So I need to think more deeply on my own 'theory'.

Our next stop was fire mountain, which burned for 500 years until the war with Armenia when a load of sand was shoveled on the flames and they went out. However, a year or so later someone discarding their cigarette butt in the holes, reignited it and it has burned pure, odorlesss methane gas ever since. You can see the mountain here lnk DOT ink/yanardag

Staying with fire, we went to one of the only 3 Zorastrian temples in the world. It was very large, but after the monumental wonders of Uzbeckistan, with their extraordinarily beautiful decorations, the bare rock and stone of Ateshgah of Baku failed to impress much. There were three burning fires. All eternal says the guide, burning clear methane gas forever, a symbol of purity, truth and the divine light of Ahura Mazda as God is named. The temple is shared with Hindus who use it for cremations and have two altars dedicated to Lord Shiva and Lord Ganesh.

I was quite caught up in the spiritual romance of this until the guide asked if we could smell the gas? We could. He said that if it was pure from the earth we wouldn't smell it. In fact, the fire went out when the gas ran out in 1969 and now it was piped in, turned on early in the morning and shut off at closing time. Romance of spirituality? Tourist attraction!

I did in fact have the English version of this very short book, but it doesn't have an ISBN and isn't on Goodreads. I couldn't add it since I was fired from being a librarian after I removed a whole load of spam books that turned out to be GR advertising. My bad!
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