This book attempts to meet the criteria for the SA “Outcomes Based” syllabus of 2004. A few notes to All “real world examples” should be in the context of HIV/AIDS, labour disputes, human rights, social, economical, cultural, political and environmental issues. Unless otherwise stated in the syllabus. Where possible, every section should have a practical problem. The preferred method for disproving something is by counter example. Justification for any mathematical generalisations of applied examples is always desired.