A word of caution to anyone interested in this book: it’s going to be an extremely hard read. There’s several very detailed and graphic accounts of molestation, child pornography, grooming, sexual assault, and rape told by the victims themselves that are going to be distressingly and disturbingly explicit. If you happen to have a past of abuse or are at risk of being triggered, you should consider this detail before picking up this book.
And that’s merely the pathological sexual behaviours that were and still are criminal offences, because other sexual behaviours that aren’t, are also described very explicitly in this book. With or without pre-existing triggers, you’re not going to find this an easy book. It’s a R-rated read on the whole and should come with a warning.
Personally, I found the book wasn't up to snuff for me. On one hand, I commend that the author dared to undertake an explosive topic that has so many traps and elicits opinionated reactions. Sex and sexuality in the Third Reich is indeed not a subject that has produced many books, although it isn’t an ignored and swept under the carpet topic as it used to be. From prior reads of WWII era history books, I was already aware of all the cases and scenarios this book discusses, and others it doesn’t, so the only novelty for me were the personal testimonies, which honestly didn’t have the impact they were meant to have as I wasn’t looking for more testimonies on events I already knew had happened.
My issues with this book are fourfold: presentation, commentary, sourcing, and scope.
On the presentation: The book is rather disorganised and the testimonies are spread all over the place with no chronology or semblance of following a thematic pattern. Each chapter has its own independent topic that’s not related to the chapter prior or the chapter after, so it reads like a collection of separate sex-related anecdotes whose only link is that it all happened under the Nazis.
On the commentary: The book doesn’t include much social commentary from the author, sometimes it’s up to the narrators to do all the talking, with the author as merely a typist relaying their story. I get that the goal was to give them a chance to tell their story, but it shouldn’t be overlooked that this is a history book, or aims to be, and not their testimony for the sex crimes policeman so commentary and authorial intervention were needed. The author should’ve known when and what to include or exclude, and to give context to the narrator’s story instead of letting them talk whatever they wanted and then slavishly transcribe even the “then he put his thing in my mouth” parts. Remember your worries about your book being labelled as titillation? One way to avoid that charge is presentation. A serious and painful topic such as this isn’t going to escape accusations of titillation, and to be honest some degree of titillation is normally present by the very nature of the topic, so don’t make it worse with your delivery.
And since we are on the subject of titillation, there’s a bad case of “Doth Protest Too Much” here. The author is so concerned about getting trolled over using this topic in a prurient manner that he ends up sounding defensive and sometimes doing the titillation he wants to avoid. There’s passages where he says things along the lines of “lest this be accused of not being serious” and pre-emptively “debunks” possible claims of titillation when nobody is accusing him of it, just to resort to writing that can be construed as prurient and tititllating in other parts.
The thing about titillation is that you have to SHOW you aren’t doing it, not SAY you aren’t, and let the reader judge. A good way to have done that would’ve been:
- Organise the topics better, by parts preferably, and group the chapters with similar topics in one part. For example, the chapters about Göring, Goebbels, Heydrich, Himmler, etc., could’ve been Part II dedicated to the Nazi top bosses. The chapters with the testimonies and diaries about the time before WWII could’ve been Part I dedicated to the Weimar Republic, etc. It’d have been orderly and given an impression of seriousness and academic rigour.
- Avoid the defensiveness in your commentary, especially if you’re not quoting who have accused you of what you’re pre-emptively dismissing. No more “they’ll accuse me of titillation, but…” You’re not going to convince anyone with words but with deeds.
- Another good way to avoid such a charge is to get rid of Hollywoodesque chapter titles like “The Sturmbannführer’s Lolita.” How do you think such a title is going to sound given the awful topic of a minor girl being groomed and raped by a SS officer? That girl wasn’t a Lolita, that isn’t what a Lolita is, and it’s a disservice to give her and others’ testimonies titles like that. Like it or not, this IS titillation.
- And lastly but most importantly: the author should’ve avoided speculating about the thoughts, feelings, and even nightmares of the victims that they weren’t willing to elaborate on. Seriously, there’s many passages in which he wonders about what the sexual thoughts of the people giving their testimonies could’ve been. Why? It’s not done respectfully and it isn’t phrased seriously either, because there are some passages like that one where a narrator refused to elaborate on their traumatic nightmares, but the author goes on to actually speculate about them in an uncomfortably salacious manner. Again, this IS tititllation.
On the sourcing: The author claims to have spent thirty-six years researching this topic, which I don’t question at all. But I do find it curious that the lack of much bibliography is so glaring: there’s only six books named by the end here. It wasn’t all oral testimonies used for writing this, to be sure, but the written sources are omitted. The written sources from historical archives should’ve been included. I also find it curious that there’s this level of willingness to include unverified people’s accounts, like that “Jörg” person with the weird conditions that claimed to know the sexual rituals performed at occult ceremonies by the SS. Problem is, that person doesn’t even have secondhand knowledge but thirdhand, and that’s assuming it’s not made up. There should’ve been more scepticism about “sources” like him, and more thought put into reproducing rumours about the Nazi hierarchy’s supposedly more perverted sexual habits. How the hell are we ever going to find out whether the rumours that Himmler had sex with animals were true, for example? And in any case, what does it matter in a serious book? There’s lots of outlandish claims about the top Nazis’ sex life that don’t merit but dismissal.
On the scope: I get that this is a divulgative work for the general public, but the scope I found so very narrow in many chapters because it:
a) cherry-picks certain aspects of a situation and omits others. Case in point: sex in the concentration camps; Heath does mention rapes of Jewish inmates and the existence of brothels in the camps, but doesn’t say a word about inmate-on-inmate rape (it wasn’t just the SS raping & abusing & extorting inmates for sexual favours) and doesn’t say anything about consensual relationships within the camps either, or even about the non-Jewish professional prostitutes servicing the camps.
b) On the use of the camp brothels, Heath says, rather hilariously, that most inmates were too weak to have sex and they went for the company. Whilst that did happen indeed, the inmates that were “rewarded” with time in the camp brothels were the camp elite, who were better fed and were in better shape than your average prisoner, so it’s not like they all were going to the brothel for hugs. In fact, they were so crafty they used the camp brothels to cover up their black market trading, info gathering, and even rebellion. The famous Auschwitz uprising was planned in good part at the camp’s brothel where the Sonderkommandos went. I didn’t particularly care for the omission of these details and the oversimplification of this and other topics. It’s not just a matter of the book being short.
c) There’s a marked bias towards the psychopathological throughout the book that favours the more grotesque aspects of sex during Nazism to the detriment of the instances where there was something at least relatively normal. There’s very few chapters in which normal and healthy sexuality is on display, like what the adolescents of the Hitlerjugend and BDM were doing behind their elders’ back (the same as any hormonal teenager throughout history), but most chapters are about the negative, the pathological, the criminal, and the grotesque. So much so that at times I thought the book should’ve been entitled “Sexual Deviancy Under the Swastika,” such a title would’ve been definitely truer to the book’s content and style. But then, I suppose that’d have fueled mocking “Fifty Shades of the Third Reich” remarks as the author feared, wouldn’t it? Again, to avoid such possibilities, presentation and delivery are key.
In sum, I wish the topic had been done justice. It’s a very important part of history that historians don’t want to touch with a bargepole because it’s a difficult one to write about in the right manner, and there’s so much to unpack yet; so much that is still omitted that needs be told.
I received an ARC through NetGalley in exchange for an honest review.