Kinh Tam was a young girl who wanted to become a monk and study Buddhism. That path was blocked to her because of her gender. Her parents married her to a young man who was devoted to her, but had little motivation. When she attempted to cut wayward hairs from his beard, his parents accused her of attempted murder and forced her to leave the marriage. Her husband did not defend her.
Kinh Tam journeyed from her family home, dressed as a man, and eventually joined an abbey as a novice. She was exceptionally devoted to her work and grew in wisdom and compassion. A daughter from a wealthy family fell in love with Kinh Tam – who refused her.
Thi Mao, hurt and angry, slept with one of her servants and became pregnant. Thi Mao named Kinh Tam as the father. Kinh Tam was nearly killed by the town in their attempts to get her to admit she was the father – but she refused to tell a lie.
Thi Mao gave birth and delivered Thien Tam to Kinh Tam's care. This would identify Kinh Tam as the Thien Tam's father, yet she accepted him and agreed to serve as his "father-teacher." She was still living as a man.
All of this is no surprise and no spoiler. The reason one reads Thich Nhat Hanh is not about the story, but to learn how we can choose to respond to adversity, the adversity that all of us experience.
Kinh Tam chose to keep Thien Tam. When challenged, Kinh Tam argued, "Dear teacher, you have taught me that the merit to be gained through building an elaborate temple nine stories high cannot compare to that of saving the life of one person" (p. 6). One of the other novices asked her, “Why not save any other person, instead of saving that particular person?” (pp. 69-70). Nonetheless, Kinh Tam's sense of integrity and her compassion for all beings would not allow her to bypass the obstacles she faced in her life, the obstacles that the other people in this story faced and that destroyed her.
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Quan Am Thi Kinh was a bodhisattva renowned for compassion extended to everyone, infinite forgiveness, and endless and patient forbearance. She is known by different names in different countries, although I know her as Kwan Yin. She is an inspiration for engaged Buddhism. She did not see meditation as an end in itself, but as something extended out into the real world. As Sister Chan Khong said, "I feel that we are very fortunate [despite frequent governmental attacks]. We are going through all these hardships, but our hearts’ compassion remains intact; we harbor no anger, not a single wish of retaliation or harm to anyone” (p. 125).
Kwan Yin's life – Thich Nhat Hanh's version – reminds us to practice in order to transcend adversity while behaving with compassion toward others.