This is a huge bear of a book about a family living in Berlin during the period from 1899 to 1945. It is the story of two boys, Peter and his younger brother Pauli, sons of Harold and Veronica Winter and follows their lives from the days of the Kaiser to the fall of Adolf Hitler.
Harald Winter is a wealthy industrialist, a shrewd businessman with a reputation of being ruthless and selfish, a self made tycoon who trusts no one and leaves nothing to chance. His beautiful wife and the mother of his two sons is Veronica Rensselaer, the daughter of a wealthy American family. Harold has had a long standing affair with Martha Somolo, the young Hungarian daughter of a Jewish tailor who lives in Vienna. Harry has set her up in her own apartment with a ladies maid, regular hairdressing appointments and an account with a dressmaker. He regularly gives her beautiful jewelry and brings her fine art to decorate the walls of her home. Harold’s wife Veronica knows about Martha but never confronts her husband with his infidelity and although both boys come to know about the relationship and love their father, they loath his extramarital behavior and are angry that he would treat their beautiful mother with such disregard.
The two boys live the sheltered life of wealthy Germans and Deighton weaves their personal lives with historical events as they occur during this period. The story begins with the birth of Pauli, Harold’s second son and it is his story that is the focus of the novel. As readers follow the boys' privileged childhood there is one significant life threatening event that occurs when Peter is fourteen and Pauli is ten. The boys were learning to sail in their dinghy and were blown out to sea. Peter fell overboard and was pulled to safety by his brother Pauli the stronger swimmer, but both would have drowned without the quick action of Fritz Esser, the crude son of a local peasant pig farmer. He pulls both boys to safety and a relationship begins that is destined to impact all three lives.
Time moves on and events soon push Germany to the Great War. The boys who remain close become soldiers, but their military experience, like their personalities is quite different. Peter is slim and handsome, a composed and thoughtful young man. He loves music, is a talented piano player and is also quiet, polite and charming with the ladies. He does well in his studies and is favored by his father who speaks frequently of his eldest son’s achievements. Harold is already steering Peter into the family business although Peter would prefer to become a musician, a career his father considers out of the question. When war begins, Peter joins the military, becomes a member of the officer’s corps and is trained to fly zeppelins, the famous flying machines.
Pauli is less academically inclined and struggles in school. He has no head for business, is clumsy and careless but always cheerful, smiling and fun to be around. There is nothing Pauli wants more than the love and respect of his father, but despite his efforts to gain his favor he fails and is more often the focus of his criticisms than his praise. Unable to be successful at school Pauli enters military training and endures the rigors of a military life. When war comes he joins the infantry and the horrific fighting in the trenches while Peter joins the naval forces and learns to fly the zeppelins. At one point, desperate to see his brother, Pauli breaks the rules to be with Peter and is caught by his commander, a sadistic cruel tyrant named Brand who takes every opportunity to make the lives of those who report to him, a torment. Such a breech of discipline on Pauli’s part would normally put a soldier before a firing squad but Pauli is saved by the glowing reports of his bravery and devotion to duty on the battlefield. Instead he is assigned to a punishment battalion for six months, forced to the front lines where the fighting is worse. He is considered to be expendable. There, crawling through mud and in the direct path of bullets, he is reduced to despair by the cold, the filth and the loss of friends. But Pauli survives and learns to suffer without complaint, to hurt without whimpering and to kill without emotion. The horrific experience hardens his soul and turns him into a ruthless fighter. When his sentence is completed, he returns to active duty until the end of the war. Meanwhile Peter, injured when his zeppelin is downed, fights the rest of the war behind a desk and has no idea of the kind of war Pauli has fought on the front lines.
When the armistice is signed and the Kaiser flees to Holland, the army disintegrates and there is chaos as the nation tries to right itself. There are riots and marauding bands of troublemakers as several competing groups fight for power. Pauli is drawn to the Freikorps, a group of right wing soldiers who fight the communists in the street fights that erupted in many of the cities.
We also follow Alex Horner, the cadet who helped Pauli endure the spartan food and strict discipline that were part of his military training. The two will cross paths many times in the future as both their careers unfold. The two share an enduring hate for their NCO, the man who assigned Pauli to the punishment battalion and who they will both encounter again as Brand rises in the Nazi Party. Another tough soldier named Graf also becomes a friend and rises in the Party only to meet a difficult end as Pauli looks on and his friend is executed by a firing squad.
We are also introduced to Veronica’s American family, her father Cyrus and her brother Glenn. And then there is Frau Wisliceny and her three pretty daughters in Berlin. Inge the eldest is obsessed with Peter, but Peter sees Inge only as a friend and falls for Lisl the youngest daughter. When Lisl marries Erich Hennig Peter’s rival at the piano, Peter marries Lottie Danzinger, an American Jew and the daughter of a wealthy business man. Her heart broken, Inge marries Pauli after a short courtship and is a great support to him when he trains to become a criminal lawyer and eventually takes a job with the Nazi Party. But Inge has never been entirely happy and eventually betrays her husband.
The lives of the two brothers take separate tracks as Pauli becomes more deeply embedded with the Nazi party and creates ways they can legitimize their crimes. He is the one who suggests that Hitler can consolidate his power after the death of the President by keeping the office permanently vacant and leaving it open to be taken over by the office of the Fuhrer. It is Pauli who devises a short form of sentencing so the SS can quickly execute their victims and it is Pauli who suggests that the concentration camps should become self-sufficient.
Meanwhile Peter returns to Berlin to run his father’s business but is forced to flee to America because of his Jewish wife. Later he will fight on the side of the Allies in World War II and when the conflict ends he meets his brother Pauli again at the Nuremberg War Trials.
This book is filled with meticulously researched and historically accurate social, political, cultural and military details. It includes everything from what is eaten, the style of women’s fashions and the various political tensions that pulled that country apart. We learn much about the war years from the perspective of those living in Europe, although it focuses on the wealthy elite rather than the poorer lower classes. But it all comes at a cost to the characters who readers get to know only superficially, without a deeper understanding of their personalities or their thinking. There are times when Deighton seems to move them about to fit the critical events that make up the broad forces of history rather than having them move through life driven by their own needs and desires. We know little about their inner lives and never fully understand why they behave the way they do or learn in any detail what they feel about everything going on around them. We have little insight into their thinking or what makes them tick. At times I just wanted to get on with the story and a more in depth description of how events were viewed by the characters and affected or changed them. And I found it difficult to understand how Peter, whose Jewish wife is persecuted, seemed entirely oblivious to the role his brother plays in what goes on around them, never confronting his brother with his role in the Nazi Party and the atrocities they commit. Gaps such as these diminish the impact of the characters Deighton has created.
However, despite those faults, Deighton has created an interesting portrait in Pauli in that he successfully leads readers to have some sympathy for someone who has done some horrific things. He has accomplished this through his simple portrayal of Pauli as the disappointed second son who is never able to please his demanding father. He is a young man who loves his parents, has a close relationship with his older brother, fights bravely for his country and does what he thinks is best for Germany under Hitler’s leadership. But Pauli is not a deep thinker and does not weigh the consequences of his behavior and Deighton leads readers to see him simply as a good man who has taken a dark path. They come to like him while at the same time being appalled by his actions which one must admit is a literary achievement.
Deighton uses the historical events in his narrative to move the plot forward, showing how individuals can be carried along by the broad events of history that change their lives. The details are all in the narrative dialogue between the characters and it is within that context we learn about the Zeppelin flights, the political intrigues between Hitler, Goering and Himmler, the allied landings on Omaha Beach, the grim reality of Auschwitz, the conspiracies to assassinate Hitler and the tentative peace initiative Himmler put to the Allies towards the end of the war.
Like other books about the war, it is once again striking to learn how much luck or being in the right place at the right time could be the deciding factor in whether you lived or died. There are several examples of that in this story.
This is a lengthy read, strong on historical detail, weaker in its portrayal of character but with an interesting plot. For those who enjoy reading about this time in history, it is well worth the read.