As we are living in this golden age in which comic books have become prolific in mainstream media as they have been adapted into many films and television shows, of which people are embracing, there is still a section of the audience that are dismissing the sheer quantity of these projects. One of those people would be Alan Moore, who has rid himself of superheroes and has been negatively vocal about the subject, given that he embraced the outlandish nature of the characters during the beginning of his comics career.
During the eighties where his career led him to the American mainstream and tapped into the Silver Age of DC Comics, Moore would become known for deconstructing the mechanics of superheroes by placing them in "the real world" and how would they behave, which he started with Marvelman (soon to become Miracleman for Marvel). However, around the same time Frank Miller was redefining Batman with The Dark Knight Returns, Alan Moore would take his dark, deconstructionist approach towards super-heroism to the next level with Watchmen, a twelve-issue series in collaboration with artist Dave Gibbons, and colorist John Higgins that would become one of the most significant works of 20th century literature.
Set in an alternate 1985, in which America won the Vietnam War, Richard Nixon is still president and superheroes emerged in the 1940s and 1960s, until they were outlawed by the Keene Act in 1977. Opening with the death of a government-sponsored superhero known as the Comedian, Rorschach – who continues to operate outside the law – investigates on the matter, along with former superheroes who pull out of retirement, whilst the country is edging towards nuclear war with the Soviet Union.
It's been around for three decades and will remain in print forever by DC, much to the dismay of Moore, this comic has been much discussed and dissected by professionals since its initial publication, so whatever I say in this review, may not be entirely groundbreaking, as much as what I personally felt about it. Having read this graphic novel five or six times in my life, and given how multi-layered it is in its narrative and characterisation, there is the realisation that Watchmen could be anything the reader wants it to be. Even Zack Snyder, the director of the 2009 film adaptation, has his own interpretation of what he thinks Watchmen is about and that's what his film is built upon, in that he overly embraces the pop culture references and the stylised, violent action of the spandex-wearing heroes; something that many fans weren't pleased with, given how fanboyishly faithful he was, certainly visually.
Based on my recent reading of the comic, I took great pleasure in reading the supplemental fictional documents that add to the series' backstory that appear at the end of each issue, particularly excerpts from Hollis Mason's autobiography Under the Hood, in which he tells his time as the masked adventurer, Nite Owl and how his legacy as part of the first vigilante emergence inspired the next wave of superheroes, even if looking back, it perhaps meant nothing. This aspect as well as some of the backup features gives great context for the protagonists of the main story, in terms of why did they wore costumes and fight crime, much like the comic book superheroes. Some of the characters have said they were compelled to do so and thinking they could save the world, but in reality, the outcome is not entirely heroic as many of these costumed figures have met a sticky end, such as Dollar Bill, who attempted to stop a raid upon one of his employer's banks, until his cloak became entangled in the bank's revolving door and he was shot at point-blank range before he could free it.
There is no doubt that these characters – originally inspired by the Charlton characters – are Moore's way of saying that the psychological motivations for superheroes can be funny, tragic, scary and even pathetic; it has to be said that seeing real-life news reports of ordinary people donning superhero costumes and getting beat up isn’t that heroic. Certainly, the lust for power is a recurring theme throughout the book as it's displayed in the characterisation of the Comedian and Ozymandias as the former is defined by his cynical view of the world and can only react to it through his violent nature, whilst the latter uses his love of Egyptian iconography in both his costume and corporation as a force for good in the world.
However, the world is a dark place and in 1985 when people feared of being nuked, "the end is nigh." Moore presents a dark and twisted view of humanity, showcasing incidental characters that are warring with each other, including a woman who witnessed her husband killing himself and their children. The most tragic character by far is the fan-favourite Rorschach, who some could see as the cool anti-hero of the book, but that would contradict the whole character. Inspired by Steve Ditko's creations Mr. A and the Question, which were influenced by Ayn Rand's "Objectivism", Rorschach has been through abuse and tragedy, in and out of the costume, and even though he is trying to do some good, his methods are extreme and has a death wish.
As much as Watchmen did influence the Dark Age of Comic Books, Moore was more interested in how you could use the many techniques in sequential storytelling. Using the traditional nine-panel grid layout – a recurring device in some of Moore's comics – artist Dave Gibbons added recurring symbols such as a bloodstained smiley face from the Comedian's badge and the silhouette of two lovers that symbolises Rorschach's past. With its nonlinear narrative, the story skips through space, time and plot, which is at its full potential with Issue #4. In twenty-eight pages, Moore and Gibbons goes through fifty years of alternate Amercian history with Jon Osterman AKA Dr Manhattan as the unconventional narrator, as well as the only character in the story that possesses actual superpowers. This issue goes back and forth from his past to his current place in Mars as he seems to be experiencing emotions from different time frames, allowing masterful transitioning from one sequence to the next.
Through the perspective of Dr Manhattan, formerly a man who is seen as a posthuman god, the book is a true exploration into what makes humanity tick, as the recurring image of a clock that is five minutes before midnight, approaching our impending doom. This is even mirrored in the fictional pirate comic Tales of the Black Freighter as whilst being read by a youth in New York City, the story of a marooned mariner is counterpointed to several aspects of the main narrative.
As its legacy is still going strong as not only do these characters are currently being placed in the main DC continuity with Geoff Johns and Gary Frank's Doomsday Clock that continues the narrative of Watchmen, but a potential TV series is being developed by HBO, this is an interesting time to be a Watchmen fan, for better or worse. Whatever your thoughts are on whatever creator does with this world, nothing will ever damage the masterpiece that is Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons' twelve-issue series, which will forever remain my favourite comic book of all time.
*On a side note, given DC's numerous repackaging of Watchmen, this Absolute edition is the best format to read it on, as not only do we see a greater enlargement of Dave Gibbon's detailed art, but is re-coloured by John Higgins. Sadly, this edition is out of print, unless you got some big change to purchase on eBay.