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On the Lam: Narratives of Flight in J. Edgar Hoover's America
The fugitive is the sinister hero of many a novel ("Light in August," "Beloved"), the luminary in a cluster of motion pictures and in other popular entertainment ("Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid," "Bonnie and Clyde," "The Fugitive," "Thelma and Louise"), and a headliner for the daily news (O. J. Simpson, Osama bin Laden). Yet, although a paradigm and symbol, seldom has the fugitive figure been the focus of literary or cultural discussion.
Correcting that oversight, this book maps changing landscapes of criminal flight in American texts by focusing on the twenty years between 1932 and 1952, the period when the codes of J. Edgar Hoover's FBI first prevailed. It was the time that policing was modernized and reconfigured, a time when law enforcement fought to redeem itself from the corruption and compromise of Prohibition.
The young Hoover was the star of this rehabilitation. His administrative innovations were matched only by his tireless effort to shape public sentiment about crime. His complex system employed information and communication technology as a way to overcome the obstacles posed by disparate jurisdictions, regional difference, and the remoteness of America's hinterlands. As he united these regions in a coherent body, a national whole, he transformed the geography of American crime.
Within this cultural context, "On the Lam" aligns fugitive slave narratives, classics of noir, works by Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison, and narratives of the deadly contest between Hoover's FBI and the charismatic Midwestern bandit, John Dillinger. These bear witness not only to a project of law and order but also to the conception and deployment of a coordination and surveillance network that thrust policing power far beyond the presence of the officer.
Even as the fugitives depicted in these works seek the wilderness beyond the policed frontier, "On the Lam" finds their tales to be an exacting gauge of America's final transit into modernity.
Correcting that oversight, this book maps changing landscapes of criminal flight in American texts by focusing on the twenty years between 1932 and 1952, the period when the codes of J. Edgar Hoover's FBI first prevailed. It was the time that policing was modernized and reconfigured, a time when law enforcement fought to redeem itself from the corruption and compromise of Prohibition.
The young Hoover was the star of this rehabilitation. His administrative innovations were matched only by his tireless effort to shape public sentiment about crime. His complex system employed information and communication technology as a way to overcome the obstacles posed by disparate jurisdictions, regional difference, and the remoteness of America's hinterlands. As he united these regions in a coherent body, a national whole, he transformed the geography of American crime.
Within this cultural context, "On the Lam" aligns fugitive slave narratives, classics of noir, works by Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison, and narratives of the deadly contest between Hoover's FBI and the charismatic Midwestern bandit, John Dillinger. These bear witness not only to a project of law and order but also to the conception and deployment of a coordination and surveillance network that thrust policing power far beyond the presence of the officer.
Even as the fugitives depicted in these works seek the wilderness beyond the policed frontier, "On the Lam" finds their tales to be an exacting gauge of America's final transit into modernity.
236 pages, Hardcover
First published May 23, 2003
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June 17, 2015
William Beverly's On The Lam explains how the American police went from being Keystone Kops to "America's finest" and also examines the movement of fugitives and the shifting discourse of criminality vs. law abiding under J. Edgar Hoover. As you can probably imagine, popular media played a large role in this change, as did new technology and the adoption of scientific method. If you're interested at all in why law enforcement's narrative is taken for truth, and how Hoover completely changed the way Americans perceived criminality and were policed, this book is an excellent resource. I would also recommend it to fans of Noir and black history and literature.
Of course the manhunt, although in the service of the state, also works to create criminal mythologies, as the chapter on Dillinger makes clear. I'm always amazed when people manage to evade capture these days. I know it was a revolutionary development for its time but radios in cop cars seems so quaint compared to the high tech surveillance law enforcement has at its disposal today. Its hard to see where fugitives have any kind of space to move and evade, yet there is no shortage of people trying to outsmart the boys in blue. Even though he was eventually caught and locked up for having too much damn fun, my favorite recent fugitive has to be Colton Moore, the "Barefoot Bandit."
Favorite chapter heading: "An Infinity of Bleak Tomorrows."
Of course the manhunt, although in the service of the state, also works to create criminal mythologies, as the chapter on Dillinger makes clear. I'm always amazed when people manage to evade capture these days. I know it was a revolutionary development for its time but radios in cop cars seems so quaint compared to the high tech surveillance law enforcement has at its disposal today. Its hard to see where fugitives have any kind of space to move and evade, yet there is no shortage of people trying to outsmart the boys in blue. Even though he was eventually caught and locked up for having too much damn fun, my favorite recent fugitive has to be Colton Moore, the "Barefoot Bandit."
Favorite chapter heading: "An Infinity of Bleak Tomorrows."
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