"You will never be a Social Democrat!". Lenin to his friend and alleged lover Inessa Armand. "And you, you will never be anything but a Social Democrat!". Inessa Armand to Lenin. The last judgment is the one most clearly illustrated in this fascinating collection of vignettes, articles, letters and diary entries concerning the man Tamara Deutscher, wife of Marxist scholar Isaac Deutscher and an important historian in her own right, calls "the mounting figure of the twentieth century". An anthology of Lenin published, "in these unrevolutionary times", is most welcome, but Deutscher has presented more a picture of two Lenins rather than one unknown. The first Lenin, writing before the Bolshevik seizure of power in Russia in 1917, is an ardent polemicist writing of such seemingly non-political subjects as the death of Leo Tolstoy and of his place in Russian literature and thought. Tolstoy the novelist is "a literary genius who perfectly captured the decline of feudalism in Russia and the first stirrings of peasant unrest against the aristocracy and Orthodox Church". Tolstoy the thinker is "an idiot who speaks of 'Eternity' and 'Eternal values' bringing relief to the peasant masses through non-violence and non-resistance to evil". For a piece of Marxist literary criticism this is crude but valuable, along with Lenin's ruminations on underground newspaper work, learning foreign languages and remembering the Paris Commune, "an event all proletarians the world over, and not just France, hail". The Lenin in power, 1917-1922, when he suffered his last stroke, is a different fellow all together; a cranky, grumpy old man, though he was still in his fifties, who despises modernist art and literature, sexual freedom and feminism. In one diatribe he rails against free love, "a bourgeois, not Marxist ideal", sexual relations outside of marriage, "sex is not like drinking a glass of water, as youth nowadays say, it is a social act with consequences for society", and bourgeois feminism, "women's emancipation is emancipation from housework through socialized kitchens and nurseries, all else is secondary". Is it any wonder young people, especially women, in revolt in the West, and Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, came to reject this "other Lenin". A provocative collection, but one that hardly sheds a halo on its subject, which I assume is what Tamara Deutscher intended.