I have become increasingly convinced that one of the most pressing theological needs of the contemporary church is in the area of anthropology: What are human beings? What are we for? What is the significance of the fact that we are created image-bearers? And lest anyone think this is a merely academic concern with no impact on our day to day lives, it is worth remembering that our thinking and opinions on most of the hot button topics of our day (abortion, euthanasia, sexuality and gender, poverty, immigration and nationalism etc. etc.) are deeply influenced by our answers to these underlying questions.
Enter Dr. Ros Clarke with an excellent primer on what it means to be human, both made and remade in God's image. As she points out, the confusion I outlined above is not confined to the church but is seen in the world at large: "Reality seems to be rapidly spiralling away from us. It is no surprise that the further society moves away from its Christian heritage and influence, the weaker its grasp becomes on all kinds of other questions. If we have no agreed starting point for ethics, anthropology or sociology, we should expect to find ourselves confused about what is right, how to be human and how to live in community."
The book can be fairly neatly divided into two parts, with the first seven chapters covering topics related to our createdness. In sum, Dr. Clarke shows that we are created male or female, consisting of both body and soul, and are made to be sexual, to work, and to live in community with others. Some of these ideas are more controversial today than others, but all are treated with an even-handed winsomeness that is very appealing. The cumulative effect is to paint a comprehensive picture of the kind of creatures we were designed to be.
The second part deals more closely with how we relate to God as his creatures, and specifically to what it means for our humanity to be a new creation in Christ Jesus. A brilliant chapter on Jesus as the true human is sandwiched between two chapters considering our sinfulness and mortality, and several chapters outlining the implications of our being united to Jesus by faith (redemption, new birth, adoption, communion with others and eternal life).
One of the reasons that books like this one are so important is that the Christian answers to questions of our humanity and purpose are so much better than anything the world has to offer. I find the Christian combination of clarity and warmth to be compelling, and Dr. Clarke does a fantastic job of articulating just that in her writing. She is approaching her subject from a classicly moderate conservative-evangelical perspective, and her blend of rigour and compassion is both welcome and refreshing: "This is where we must begin in our understanding of what it means to be human: we are created beings, made by God, given value by God, given a purpose by God and utterly dependent on God...We can have absolute confidence, therefore, that we are here because God made us. God planned and designed and created you. There are no accidents - happy or otherwise - in God's fertility clinic."
This is a relatively short book, so Dr. Clarke's treatment of each topic is necessarily brief. That said, it is an ideal entry point for a layperson such as me to start to engage with such a deceptively simple question: What does it mean to be human? One thing that comes across strongly is how much Dr. Clarke must have enjoyed writing this, and I enjoyed reading it just as much. Both stimulating and accessible, this is a book that every Christian will benefit from reading and is a valuable contribution to the growing body of work that addresses one of the most important questions facing the church today.