“Roosevelt insisted that treating risk as a commons, instead of privatizing it, would make everyone safer and better off in the end. “There can be no security for the individual”, he said, “in the midst of general insecurity””.
“The more we can understand the nature of insecurity - the systems that manufacture it for power and profit, and the existential forms of insecurity that shape us - the more capable of forging solidarity and caring for each other we will be.”
““Along with the carrot of pecuniary reward must go the stick of personal economic disaster, “ Galbraith observed. Manufactured insecurity reflects a cynical theory of human motivation, one that says people will work only under the threat of duress, not from an intrinsic desire to create, collaborate, and care for one another.”
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Wasn’t on my list, got it as a gift. Was pleasantly surprised tbh. I had low expectations given the book’s general lack of recognition and bc my first interaction w Astra Taylor was that ridiculous doc she made 20 years ago, The Examined Life, which seemed to be nothing more than getting grant money from the Canadian government to go hang out in New York City for a summer chatting with public intellectuals - musta been nice lol.
GOOD
The point of the book is to frame familiar political problems (positive vs. negative liberty, small vs. large state, tight vs loose labour market, low vs. high interest rates, etc.) and events (2008 Financial Crisis, Climate Change, etc.) through the lens of “personal security”, which is an interesting and original lens. She does a decent job of intellectual history, drawing through lines from what the Ancients had to say about “insecurity” all the way through Medieval, Renaissance and Enlightenment thinkers to the present day. Her love of etymology and desire to draw conceptual points out of it is cute.
At the very least one picks up some original factoids, e.g. Jack Welch’s insane, candid comments about annual workforce reductions regardless of downturn just to keep workers hungry and scared, as well as Yellen and Greenspan’s dehumanizing remarks about wage suppression. As a history dork I enjoyed learning about the ‘forgotten’ history of the Magna Carta (being its sister document the "Charter of the Forest", a collectivist legal instrument benefitting commoners as opposed to the negative liberty rights achieved for the barons through the MC). Definitely makes you rethink the barons, who are generally presented to high school students as heroic constitutionalists. Actually, they were more like private equity dickheads.
In a similar vein, I really enjoyed reading Elinor Ostrom’s takedown of the Tragedy of the Commons myth. Surprised to not have heard it before, as someone who with a more than passing interest in this stuff (for example, Rutger Bregman’s book on human nature and communalism was widely publicized and he popped up everywhere to talk about it; why wasn’t Ostrom hailed like Piketty when she won her Nobel in Economics?)
The stretch getting into Kafka’s day job was awesome. I had known he was some civil servant/bureaucrat, but getting more detail about the nature of his work and his own expressed, non-fic opinions on it was very cool and interesting. “Instead of assaulting the company and destroying everything, they submit petitions!” indeed.
The strongest chapters were definitely those on Housing and Debt, though even those were less than comprehensive takes (she only indirectly takes on the most common right-wing housing canard - that supply can’t be built without bribing the private sector - which has been disproven by studies she could have cited). The final chapter on debt had a clear thesis, interesting little-known histories and facts, and nice exposure of ridiculous modern injustices.
BAD
Honestly for stretches it just reads like a fairly surface-level ‘right wing things are bad’ screed, and an unremarkable one at that. The book sometimes loses focus and lapses into eye-roll inducing, superficial leftist dogma (ironically, given the author’s expressed distaste for dogma). It’s a shame because “insecurity” is an interesting lens to view politics and reform, if one retains the capacity to do it objectively. For instance, it might have been interesting to explore the state coercion that emerged in many countries where communitarian politics were taken the furthest, and how insecure that coercion made many people feel. Any good lefty will have counters to those ‘bad apple’ examples, but she mostly skirts the issue absent a single (token?) page, which is lazy.
Taylor doesn’t really address the growth issue either - she complains about underinvestment in Canadian health care, but doesn’t address common and obvious Conservative retort that health care spending already makes up by far the largest share of provincial budgets. So what do we do exactly? Bump the corporate tax rate a point to pull in a couple extra hundred million bucks and invest that in healthcare? And when the Cons respond that that will chase away FDI, leaving even fewer dollars to invest in healthcare, how do we respond to that? Omitted details like these show the limitations her ‘enclosures vs. commons’ frame.
There is, unsurprisingly, the typical uncritical reverence for indigenous traditions so common among white progs of Taylor's generation. Why is it exactly that murdering animals and rival tribes, and chopping down trees to build canoes and longhouses, counts as showing “respect” for the land, but industrial strip mining doesn’t? I guess it has something to do with “sustainability” (just don’t tell that to the individual dead trees and animals). That might have been interesting to interrogate.
Applying Indigenous law to the modern world is complex and challenging, and Canada, because of its constitutional commitments, is in desperate need of some middle ground, some framework between the starry-eyed hippy-dippy stuff and the scoffing indifference of capitalists and industrialists. You won’t find it here unfortunately.
Another example of uncritical Millennial prog groupthink is that she locates the “woke bashers” (p. 145; 289) as the enemies of “curiosity”, which is just beyond delusional. I guess she missed Murray-Middlebury 2017, Weinstein-Evergreen 2017, Christakis-Yale 2015, the academy’s retort to the 1612 Project, all the gross thuggish stuff documented by FIRE, etc. etc. The idea that young progressives are, on the whole, “curious” rather than propagandistic, intolerant, and violently self-righteous, is laughable.
There is similar uncritical support for defund the police, without much interest in the polling data demonstrating huge majority opposition to that policy among Blacks, specifically because they feel insecure about the violent crime committed against them in their communities by members of their communities, not by the rich. One could argue that these crimes are being committed due to insecurity, and that capitalism creates and maintains the conditions for such crime. But that would require wading into criminology, which Taylor doesn’t bother to do. She doesn’t seem very interested in the short-term needs of communities, preferring instead to focus solely on the big picture, long-term solutions to problems. That’s a problem, because if you can’t bridge from the former to the latter, you’ll find movement-building to be difficult, at least in the formal politics realm.
Sometimes the “insecurity” frame is stretched beyond credibility. For example, the residential schools scandal had more to do with racism and a lack of accountability through decentralized implementation than the “defensive settler security” she alleges - this is pretty clear if you read the statements of its architects, McDonald and Ryerson, and when you consider the complete military domination and displacement of Indigenous people by the time the schools got off the ground).
There is occasional self contradiction - e.g. ‘don’t blame the rich they are just part of the system, and are conditioned by the system' - but then she expresses clear ire for the personalities and decision making of Zuckerberg, Musk, etc. Which is it, then?
There is a weird turn to the personal/autobiographical halfway through, which is not always obviously relevant to the central thesis, and so the book reads more like a memoir all of a sudden.
Finally, it suffers from repetition and could have used better editing. For instance, the reader is unlikely to forget that Astra Taylor “founded the Debt Collective, a union for debtors”, mainly because she found about four hundred opportunities to remind us of that fact.
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Ultimately, a breezy read, a progressive manifesto of sorts that somehow avoids being overly confrontational despite being firmly positioned. Probably make a great gift for a parent or relative who is not overly political, or hell, maybe even a conservative uncle.