Given that Kuvempu has written only 2 novels, am a bit overwhelmed to think that there is only one more to go. Such is the scope and the sweep. Set in pre-Independence, pre-WWII Western Ghats, it traces the fall of the old ways of the region, and the setting in of the newer era, of Gandhian ideals, nationalism, of modernity in the form of hospitals and schools. And of Vedic Hinduism.
At many points Kuvempu looks at the old ways, of the offerings to the Bhootas - Panjurli, Bhootaraya etc and hopes that the reforming, guiding spirit of Hinduism with its Vedas, Puranas, Upanishads would come in and guide the common folk towards better lives. He also puts the casteist practices of deceiving Brahmins, ruling Shudra overlords and the lower castes that work for them under the microscope, disapprovingly. It is interesting that he expected casteist Hinduism to come with its scriptures and lift the common folk out of their miseries. But then, did he really believe in a casteless society or just a way out of the conniving ways of the Brahmins to better access to medicines and schools. I think it would be presumptuous of me to put him on trial here. There really isn't much to go by on this. So I'll just leave that thought here, and hope I can find other works where I can know more about his inclinations on this topic. It is also more interesting that the modern generations are flocking towards practices like Bhootakolas, Kambala and Jallikattu, recognising them as a part of one's culture, as against Sanskritic Hinduism, which is seen as an imposition from the North.
In some ways, I find the work of his son, KP Poornachandra Tejaswi more interesting when it comes to talking about casteism and society. But then he lived in an independent India, seeing how things turn out there politically. Such a vision was not accorded to Kuvempu when he wrote this book. So I guess I'll read this as a book of the 30s and the change in the ways of life of people at that time. After all, how much should we be judging books written at a particular time with the modern eye which has seen a lot more than what the author saw, in terms of history. How much would Kuvempu have changed in his outlook and views over the years? Malegalallli Madumagalu was from the 60s, it would be interesting to note what Kuvempu thought as a 60 year old as against a 30 year old. If you read Mookajjiya kanasugalu, Karanth comes across as homophobic. What was he over the rest of his life? We don't know. Should we hold him against that? I don't know.
Coming to the book itself, I found it interesting that he modelled Hoovayya after himself, the bent nose and all that. But then Kuvempu was a striking man, fair and tall. So am not blaming him, it just made it easier to visualise. His values move from wanting to be a great man who can spread some good to the people around him, to eventually becoming a Buddha-like monk after all that life throws at him. Chandrayya stands like the figurehead for the old ways, refusing to compromise, wanting to hold on, eventually left with nothing in the end. There is his young wife, and how people marrying young women at a much later age can cause issues in the natural order of things. The ruin does start with that, and we are clearly shown that in the case of Annayya Gowda. Eventually, the Buddha-like Hoovayya prevails and the inevitable winds of modernity blow into the Malnad regions. It will be left to his son to write about the depredations modernity causes to the Western Ghats. Am sure Kuvempu would have been lamenting that too. There are the Shettys who work as the seregaras, overseers who bring in people from the DK district and get them to work. There is some stereotyping here, seeing those from DK, the Tulu speakers as uncultured, and given to immoral doings. Even with Malegalalli Madhumagalu, the seregara is one of the villains.
What really stands out is the description of the ghats. There aren't just birds, there are specific birds. I wished the translator had tried to understand what each bird was instead of just writing madivala birds (Oriental Magpie-robin), pikalara bird (bulbuls), kajana (racket-tailed drongo) bird. The English names in the parentheses are from me. The seasons as they move on and how they reflect on the Ghats are beautifully described. He was a poet and it would be interesting to read him in Kannada. Would be a real labour of love.
As much as I am critical initially, this is an enjoyable work, an epic which lays bare the life of the times, from the beauty of the flowers, the singing birds, to exhilarating wild boar hunts, opening up the world for you to understand and critique. You enter the book, live in the Ghats through the seasons and come out only at the end.