I received an ARC of “Barbacoa, Bomba, and Betrayal. A Caribbean Kitchen Mystery” from NetGalley and Crooked Lane Books in exchange for an honest review.
I recently read author Raquel V. Reyes’ first book, “Mango, Mambo, and Murder,” in her Caribbean Kitchen Mystery series. I acknowledge that I haven’t read her second book in the series, but I didn’t get lost at all. Reyes gave me just enough backstory to keep me up to speed without bogging me down in unnecessary details. In fact, she made one statement in the first chapter—about being locked in a freezer by a murderer—that it made me want to go back and read the second novel in the series. Later in the book, Reyes alluded to her second book in the series.
I love the author’s writing style, her guts, and her social consciousness. But I need to be completely honest with other potential readers: There were some ***serious issues*** with this book—ones that likely won’t be ignored by Cozy Mystery readers, namely:
GENRE BENDING
This novel is billed as a “Cozy Mystery,” but by the time I had read a third of the book, it had morphed into a “Hangry Mystery.” Instead of being able to escape from the realities of the harsh world with a light, easy, read, Reyes offered up a novel jam packed with sociopolitical and socioeconomic diatribes about ongoing American injustices in the Caribbean.
Now don’t get me wrong! People in the United States need to fully understand how the history of U.S. colonialism has, and continues to be, a source of problems. This applies to both Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic specifically, and to the entire Caribbean in general. If this was just a general mystery novel, it wouldn’t be a problem. But it’s not. It’s a cozy mystery.
A cozy mystery is supposed to allow readers to escape from the real world. Why? Because all one has to do is look around to see the political and social dysfunction. The abusive and discriminatory language hurled by racists and neo-Nazi’s can be heard around the world, not to mention the atrocious acts committed by them. And in the United States, the government is still divisive. So, what do you do when the everything becomes too much? You escape into a book.
The Cozy Mystery genre provides a safe haven for readers—readers who want a light read, something that’s not scary; a book without all of the political drama that can be seen on the streets and listened to on MSNBC every evening. And, if that’s not good enough, I can pick from a wide number of non-fiction books that have already been published that highlight all of the current (and past!) atrocities committed against peoples around the world by the U.S. government. But it’s only in a Cozy Mystery where I can escape from all of that.
By the time I had finished the thirteenth chapter, I wasn’t just angry. I was (almost quite literally) foaming at the mouth about the injustices. The MC’s parents in the Dominican Republic and her aunt and uncle in Puerto Rico are under fire. Why? Because millionaire American realtors are swindling poor, elderly islanders out of their property. Instead of a light novel, readers are confronted with,
“…the same old colonial plunder and pillage song and dance but sung to a new tune….” (Reyes 2023: 90) that made her, “…blood boil…” (Reyes 223: 117)
The whole issue of America’s colonialism wasn’t just peppered here and there but permeated the entire book. But what really horrified me was a conversation that the MC had:
“…She corrected me. “U-prree. U-P-R-I. Unidos para un Puerto Rico Independente [United for an Independent Puerto Rico]…”
“Wouldn’t that be u-poo-pre? U-P-U-P-R-I.”
“…“Prima, it was named before I joined it. If I had named it, I’d have called it M-L-C. Muerte a los Colonizadores.” [Death to the Colonizers]…” (Reyes 2023: 119).
Really? As an anthropologist, I don’t need to be reminded about America’s colonial past and present. What the U.S. has done and is doing is completely unacceptable. And while a lot of readers or potential readers might not be aware of this aspect of our nation’s history, a Cozy Mystery isn’t the proper avenue for it.
Cozy Mystery readers don’t want to be afraid. They don’t want to read a novel and become angry. And they don’t want to be deceived.
I recently reviewed another of Crooked Lane’s books by Sennefelder “How the Murder Crumbles” (2023). Before I even had a copy of that novel in my possession, I knew what I was getting. Other than the usual murder and the mysteries surrounding that murder, there were no unexpected OMG’s! What I mean is that Sennefelder wrote within the genre’s conventions. Sennefelder kept me engaged with the story, kept me guessing about ‘whodunnit’, and throughout the novel, she ticked off all of the necessary boxes that one expects with Cozy Mysteries. There were no raw political emotions. It was a ‘Feel-Good-Read’ that left me emotionally satisfied in a world where that often doesn’t happen.
To be completely honest, I felt tricked. When I read Reyes’ first novel, “Mango, Mambo, and Murder,” there were a few slight issues with the manuscript, but overall, it was what I expected from a Cozy Mystery. I admit that I didn’t read her second novel, but when I read the first 3 chapters of this book, everything seemed fine. However, my feelings were soon deflated when the author forced me to delve into American imperialism. Once again, I know American history. And I’m not proud of it. But when I pick up a Cozy Mystery, I don’t expect to experience internal drama that affects me to the point where I have to go out into the garden and do some weeding just to calm myself down.
My biggest concern with Reyes’ genre bending in this novel is that it might discourage readers to not read any of her future works. For me, this is unbearable because Reyes is ***such*** a good writer. She’s talented with great ideas. But let’s face it: No matter how many times an author mentions Disney, Marvel, or Star Wars in their novel (all 3 of which I stream on Disney+), it is not going to guarantee that a Cozy Mystery reader is going to love, or read, a book.
LANGUAGE
I’ve gone over the use of Reyes’ overuse of Spanish versus Spanglish when I reviewed her first novel. In fact, many other reviewers commented on it as well. But the author apparently thought it unnecessary to make any changes.
Not every American is bilingual. In fact, a large proportion of the population is monolingual, speaking and reading only English. In some cases, Reyes includes large sections of Spanish-only dialogue in the book, but then spends a sentence or even a small paragraph translating that text for the readers (For example, see Reyes 2023: 43; 60; and 86). In other cases, Reyes doesn’t offer a translation at all. Instead, readers have to guess what is being said based on context.
Readers don’t need a translator. Rather, readers need to understand for themselves what is going on in real time. People that read Cozy Mysteries have HUGE imaginations. It wouldn’t be difficult for readers to ‘pretend’ that a conversation is being spoken in Spanish, but appears as English in the text. As it stands, Reyes leaves monolingual and non-Spanish speakers and readers with a feeling that they’re being left out.
Someone who’s immature and selfish might retort, “So learn Spanish!” This type of my-way-or-the-highway reaction never ends up with the desired results. In fact, it’s similar in many ways to the discrimination against Spanish-only speakers. All it does is alienate people.
I thought it was interesting that the author had the MC discuss how people complained about her speaking Spanish. I infer that this might be a novelesque reaction to the complaints that the author received about the use of Spanish in her previous novels.
I get it. There IS language discrimination not just in the United States—Spanish and Indigenous languages as well—but around the world. The United States is unique in that we are one of the only countries in the world that does NOT have a national language. But not everyone is bilingual. And this is an English language book.
In an English language book, an author can get away with Spanglish (or Arabglish or Francoglish), but anything more than that is unacceptable and negatively affects many monolingual English speakers. And book sales.
This isn’t a one-off. This is the author’s third novel. I can only assume (based on comments about the overuse of Spanish from reviewers of the author’s previous two books), that the author just doesn’t give a damn. She’s already been paid and published and that’s all that matters. For now.
Using a written language that is not universally understood by all of the readers can alienate people. And alienation means fewer readers. It means fewer reviewers. And it means fewer copies get sold. In the long run, this means less money for publishers and fewer book sales for authors.
When I first looked for Reyes’ first book, “Mango, Mambo, and Murder,” my library no longer carried a copy of it, even though it is a relatively new book. So, I looked on Amazon and was further surprised I only had to pay $1.99 for the ebook.
I want Reyes’ career to flourish. She is a really good writer. I love how I’m able to connect with the characters. And the voice that Reyes brings to the literary world can’t be understated. I want people everywhere—from metropolitan Florida to the rural Ozark Mountains to the shores of Oregon—to read and fall in love with Reyes’ writing. But in order to get those books into people’s hands, the author needs to use: 1) Spanglish; or 2) English only. No translations. Just write in a way that everyone can understand so that readers will be able to fall in love with the world you’ve created.
WHERE’S THE BODY?
I’m ecstatic that the MC went to Puerto Rico! I am absolutely in love with the Taino!! I remember being amazed at how the Puerto Rican community joined together, allowing anthropologists and geneticists to determine the amount of Spanish, African and Taino DNA in modern populations. I was amazed because many people are fervently opposed to providing genetic samples for various reasons.
I’ve never been to either the Dominican Republic or Puerto Rico, but Reyes definitely had me dreaming about it. By Chapter 12, the MC was already traveling—but there still wasn’t a body! Of course, this is a “Cozy Mystery,” not a “Cozy Death.” But for many people (like me), a murder is part of the equation. Instead, the mystery that readers are dealing with is: Is the Bitcoin guy, Jules, trying to force the MC’s parents and aunt and uncle out of their businesses so that he can buy them cheap, only to remodel, resell, and raise the rents? The writing was compelling, but the story line wasn’t.
CONTENT
I’ve already discussed some of these issues under GENRE BENDING, but statements like,
“…Okay, but why can’t Mami see that rich Americans are stealing our land?…” (Reyes 2023: 126)
are just way over the top. Are they truly stealing the land? Or are they buying the land? These are questions readers are going to be asking themselves. Once again, I don’t think that a Cozy Mystery is the place for this. I wonder if, by even bringing up these subjects, the author isn’t further alienating her readership.
Earlier in the book, the author made a comment about refugees from Cuba and Haiti fleeing their countries by boat. It seems that Reyes is placing the blame solely on wealthy Americans. However, many of those same wealthy Americans are also Cozy Mystery readers. The point I’m trying to make is that it is not in a writer’s best interests to accuse and/or alienate their readers.
At the 45% mark, I found it increasingly difficult to read the remainder of the novel. Of course, other readers may feel differently. However, I wouldn’t recommend this book to a traditional Cozy Mystery reader. The text incorporates a lot of Spanish, and this will alienate monolingual English readers. The content is highly political and, for some, may result in a read that is **not** a light, fun, read. Other readers may be disturbed by the continuous references to verbal, racial, and/or social abuse. For example, when the MC said,
“…Pero, no. She’s an angry, scared xenophobe that hates that her son married a brown-skinned woman who speaks Spanish…” (Reyes 2023: 139).
I just can’t even finish this book.