i enthusiastically embrace my Scottish heritage, even though I have a German surname. My bride has done some genealogical research and as far as she can determine, I am descended from MacDonald of Clan Ranald. My "conversion" to Scottish meshes perfectly with her reverence for all things Gaelic, to the point where we visited Ireland and Scotland two years ago this very month (We celebrated our 11th wedding anniversary in Ireland). Among the other places we visited while in Alba: Glencoe, the site of one of the most notorious Highland massacres in Scottish history (and there sure do seem to be plenty of massacres to choose from).
I have heard three different versions of the story: In the first, the chiefs of numerous clans grew weary of the savage raids and accompanying thievery continually enacted upon them by the Clan MacDonald. So they staged a bogus wedding to which all of the Highland clans were invited. When the MacDonalds arrived, the assembled clans threw off their wedding garb to reveal all kinds of weaponry underneath, and the MacDonalds were slaughtered where they stood. In version two, the MacDonalds were raided by a neighboring clan--either the Camerons or the Campbells, I'm not sure which. The MacDonalds, badly outnumbered, fled their lands and hid in a nearby cave. The neighboring clan barricaded the entrance to the cave and set fire to the blockage, suffocating all of the captive MacDonalds. These first two versions came to me as oral history.
Earlier this year I read Clanlands, by Sam Heughan and Graham MacTavish, two stars of the hit TV show Outlander. Heughan and MacTavish make regular reference to Glencoe: The Story of the Massacre, by John Prebble book. I happened to know that we had a copy. Our copy was somewhat ravaged by time, but the content was still the same. And that is where I learned yet a third version of the story.
In brief: It seems to me that a Lowland Scottish nobleman who bore the title of Master of Stair had grown weary of the repeated feuds between the Highland clans. The master of Stair wanted to make an example of one of the clans. As a Protestant, he believed his thirst for bloodshed would be sanctioned by God if he chose a Jacobite clan for, as the book calls it, "extirpation," as the Jacobites tended to be Catholic. In early February of 1692, two companies of soldiers under the command of Campbell of Glenlyon marched from Ballachulish to Glencoe, where Campbell asked quarter from the MacDonald clan. Amidst the feuding, each Highland clan viewed hospitality as a sacred trust, so they practiced it rigorously, and they welcomed the two companies and sheltered them in their own homes. Campbell of Glenlyon's final orders from Stair arrived on February 12, and at 5:00am of the 13th, the massacre began. Many of the MacDonalds met their demise at the end of a musket; those who didn't were left to perish in the concurrent blizzard. Only a very few MacDonalds survived the rout; most of those were housed elsewhere.
The truth is, I wasn't there. The only knowledge I can claim comes from books. One thing that can be said for John Prebble: His research has been meticulous. He is able to cite sources concisely. He even photographically reproduces many of them in the text. Prebble's version is beyond question the most authoritative version of the massacre that I have encountered.
This is not to say that the book is beyond criticism. Prebble wrote to a UK audience from the mid-1960s. An aging American in 2021 found some passages hard to follow, although I readily admit I may have been reading it wrong. Sometimes it was hard for me to decipher exactly who was who. For example, if my title were Michael, laird of Killiecrankie and 20th Earl of Argyll (just an example, no such title exists), I might at times be referred to as Killiecrankie, or Argyll, or the Earl, or even as Michael. In several places, a single person might be referred to in any number of ways, which got confusing after awhile. Also: while I tip my cap to my UK friends for their immersive knowledge of history, reading their books can be daunting. The text is dense and is presented in much smaller text than most novels that I read. After an hour of reading, I can no longer see.
Despite these minor matters, Glencoe is an affecting read. Prebble leaves a lump in my throat for ancestors who suffered a cruel and gruesome end nearly 330 years ago.