“These were the days of the V-1, Hitler’s ‘secret weapon.’ First one heard something like the rattling of a plane, but with a difference. The first time we heard it we leaned out of the windows at Down Street, looking at the sky. In the distance we saw a small black point, coming rapidly forward. It passed overhead, and everyone thought, if the noise stops, it will fall on us. But the noise continued, and the fatal little machine went on its way. Farther on we saw it suddenly halt and the noise stopped, and the V-1 plunged toward the ground. We heard a distant explosion…Panic was great in London. After the blitz, after four years of war, people’s nerves were not in very good condition. They grew wild with fear. As soon as an alarm sounded, one could see the crowds running in the street, people plunging into the subways, into shelters, mothers seizing their children in their arms. Even the dogs howled. At the zoo, as soon as the noise of an approaching V-1 was heard, the monkeys screamed in terror and jumped around in their cages…”
- Tereska Torres, Women’s Baracks
There are few things that make me want to read a book more than the fact it has been banned at some time or another. This trait is not unique to me, but speaks to the human desire to have what is forbidden. Many of the world’s most controversial works of literature have also ended among the ranks of the most famous and bestselling. We’re talking about titles that include Lady Chatterley’s Lover, To Kill a Mockingbird, and The Catcher in the Rye.
Tereska Torres’s Women’s Barracks does not have that kind of name recognition. Indeed, I’d never heard of it before, right up until the moment I was sucked into one of the internet’s ubiquitous listicles, which I am constitutionally unable to resist. This particular listicle concerned itself with “cult classics,” and as soon as I learned of Women’s Barracks’s Second World War setting and then-notorious content, my book-ordering finger started to twitch. Then I saw its pulpy, 1950s-era cover, sighed at my own weakness, and purchased it at once.
***
Summarizing the plot of Women’s Barracks is pretty easy for a couple reasons. First, it’s very short, more novella than novel. Second, there is no plot. Instead, this is a series of character portraits and vignettes spanning the Fall of France to the end of World War II. The characters include Claude, an aging beauty with fluid sexuality; Ursula, young, naïve, and under Claude’s spell; Jacqueline, the archetypally entitled aristocrat; Mickey, who is spirited and friendly; and Ann, a helpful and competent companion who also happens to be gay.
Most of the action takes place in the titular barracks, which is set in London, or in the surrounding pubs. The women involved are all French, serving the Free French and Allied cause doing a variety of war work that – in the military calculus of the day – enabled more men to be sent into combat. While the world’s greatest conflict always simmers in the background, the concerns of Torres’s women are more local. They get their drink on, fall in and out of love, and live like the future is only an uncertain possibility.
***
Women’s Barracks is a book that can comfortably be read in one sitting, which is not surprising since it manages to go from 1940 to 1945 in approximately 130 pages. It seldom settles long in one place. For instance, just two pages are needed for one character to escape from France, get to Spain, and then travel to England. Though entire years can pass in a sentence, Torres does stop from time to provide to present a more detailed scene. By the end, the accumulation of moments manages to be rather affecting, and the characters – who are at first pretty superficial – more fully dimensioned.
I would be lying if I said I thought there was even the slightest chance that I would remember and treasure this work forever. But I was engaged in the moments that I spent with it.
***
Women’s Barracks is a semi-autobiographical novel. During the Second World War, Torres worked as a liaison between the Office of War Information and the headquarters of General Charles De Gaulle. After the war, she wrote the book in French, based on her wartime diaries. Her husband – the writer Meyer Levin – translated her effort into English.
Torres herself is the first-person narrator, though we learn precious little about her. Instead, she keeps the focus on her companions. Most of the time, Torres is not even present for the situations she describes, claiming to have learned everything later. This makes her a classic unreliable narrator, but it’s a conceit that’s not too hard to swallow.
***
Women’s Barracks was published in 1950, and received immediate backlash due to its sexual content, including its depiction of same-sex relationships. This outrage – of course – is not surprising. For much of the past two-thousand years, efforts to depict one of the most fundamentally important aspects of humanity have consistently been suppressed on the supposed grounds of decency.
This reality does not make the moral handwringing any less perplexing. The world had just passed through six years of hellfire in which some 75 million people died. Huge armies had grappled to the death. Soldiers had died on the ground, in the air, on the sea, and below it. Men and women and children in the thousands had been herded into gas chambers; others had been executed at the edge of pits, or burned in their houses. Millions more were forced to leave their homes. Entire cities had been flattened by bombs. Terror went from a byproduct of warfare to a goal. The veneer of civilization had been worn away by systematized slaughter, mass sexual assaults, manmade famines, and – at the end – by the splitting of the atom.
Yet, after all this, some still managed to be shocked by two women kissing.
***
The controversy surrounding Women’s Barracks was expected. So too the result: It became a bestseller.
By today’s standards, the sexual encounters depicted here are rather tame. What is surprising is the frankness. For the most part, Torres’s depiction of the various sexual relationships of her characters is straightforward and judgment free. As a result, this has a feel of truth that helps ground some of the overly dramatic passages.
At the time this came out, homosexuality was criminalized in many parts of the world. That includes England, where Torres’s story unfolds. Just two years after Women’s Barracks came out, mathematician Alan Turing – who’d helped crack Germany’s Enigma code – was thanked with a conviction of “gross indecency” for his sexual relationship with another man. In this context, Torres comes across as pretty progressive in her views.
Unfortunately, there is an exception, and that is in Torres’s treatment of Ann. In a passage that can only be described as bizarre, Torres turns on Ann – who she had heretofore treated respectfully – and opines that because she was attracted only to women, she lived an “unnatural” and sad life. This tonally jolting section has clouded the legacy of Women’s Barracks as a classic work of gay fiction.
According to later interviews with Torres, this bit of lecturing was imposed upon her by the publisher, who apparently thought it was okay to acknowledge the existence of same-sex relationships, as long as it included some level of disapprobation. This sounds like an honest explanation, but does not change the fact that this U-turn on Tenor Road detracts from the overall quality.
***
The world as inhabited by humans, and the world as represented in books and films, have always been two very different things. Women’s Barracks tries to bridge that gap. It is not really a masterpiece. It is, in fact, a bit silly and over-the-top at times. Most of the characters are quite young, and with that youth comes extreme emotional lability, in which the only choices are “love” or “death.” The importance of this work is in its willingness to show the world as it is, in all its chaos and complexity; a world where the heart wants what it wants, and is not going to be stopped by anything, be it law or war or social condemnation.