This text covers four topics fundamental in the study of music scales, intervals, key signatures, and an introduction to chords. This is essentially a book of what, not how. It will explain the tonal materials from which music is composed, but it will not tell how they are organized to form a piece; that is the study of harmony and counterpoint. It goes without saying that a working knowledge of the fundamentals presented here will furnish stepping stones along the way in performing any composition. Through a broader study of theory the performer will discover a key to problems of expressive interpretation. The student is assumed to know the names of all notes on the six strings of the guitar throughout the first four frets and the corresponding notes on a G clef. This requires knowledge of the material found in the first 48 pages of the author's Classic Guitar Technique, Volume I. Most of the exercises in this book are playable on the guitar. The student is urged to play them many times for fullest understanding of the material and how it is related to his instrument. Finally, as the student progresses through the study material, he should apply his increasing knowledge to the analyzation of pieces he is currently playing. By looking more deeply into music than the mere reading of notes, all phases of music study become more meaningful.