The American Film Institute ranks Humphrey Bogart as the greatest male star of American cinema. How can I NOT agree with this? I think he's the greatest film star of all time, period.
In the 1980s and 1990s I watched Bogart in two theatrical revivals of Casablanca on the big screen that had the most thunderous ovations I have ever heard in a movie house, powerful memories I have always cherished. I remember also my elation watching The Maltese Falcon at the same theater circa 1979 as Bogart's tough, jaded detective, Sam Spade, sends the duplicitous Brigid O'Shaughnessy to sure death as he cradles the black bird ("the stuff that dreams are made of"). I laughed with other moviegoers at that same theater during The Big Sleep as Bogie portraying another assured detective, Philip Marlowe, flirted with a series of saucy women in ways that deftly defied the censorious Production Code. Bogart was always on television in my youth, ever-present practically weekly. As Fred C. Dobbs, the dirty American in Mexico in Treasure of the Sierra Madre seeing the fleeting results of his greed as his gold dust blows away, laughing maniacally at the absurdity of fate. As Captain Queeg in The Caine Mutiny slow burning then going completely apeshit over strawberry ice cream. As Charlie Allnut in The African Queen rising from river bum to hero. Masterpiece performances, one after another in stone-cold movie classics. And stalwart and assured in lesser known gems like Sahara, Dead Reckoning and especially the amazing, In a Lonely Place, the movie that probably best captures Bogart's true world-weary sensibility as a man. There's just no getting around the fact that the man's legend was pervasive; an undeniably important part of my life, at least in terms of film.
It would take an extraordinary book to peel back the layers of the icon perpetuated by years of mythical embellishment, and holy crap does this masterpiece biography do it. Bogart by the late Ann Sperber and Eric Lax is as great a biography on Bogie as one could ask for. Absolutely monumental and staggeringly great. The research on this 1997 definitive bio is second-to-none. The late Sperber talked to hundreds of people who knew Bogart, the good, the bad and the ugly Bogart, and as the book points out, Bogart was all of these, a very complex man hurt by the vicissitudes of life, who hit stardom late and carried a grudge about it for the rest of his short life, ended by cancer at the youthful age of 57 in 1957.
Bogart's early life and career all the way into middle age hardly suggested he'd ever amount to much, certainly not a legend or the envy of every man and the desirous object of women. He did not have conventional good looks, and yet there was something about his granitic bearing that was attractive.
Bogart did not come from the streets, like many of his gangster/detective/working class characters. He was born a Christmas baby, Dec. 25, 1899, into relative luxury in New York state. His family lived in a mansion on a lake built by a 19th-century robber baron; his father, Belmont DeForest Bogart, a well-off physician and his mother a very famous commercial artist who painted babies seen in publications everywhere. Maud Humphrey was sort of the Anne Geddes of her day. She made more money than her husband. Bogart grew up in a house with servants and was expected to behave according to his station. All this, though, was a facade. Bogart's parents were both drug addicts, often either cruel or neglectful of him and his siblings, and the sadistic servants were even worse. Bogart's adoption of sailing was the one thing his father lauded -- the avocation of a gentleman, after all -- but the young Bogie did it mainly to get away from the horror of his household. Bogart quickly became an expert sailor and just as in childhood, those moments of respite on lakes or on the sea became his balm during the many trials of his life.
Bogart was an intelligent and capable boy but already had a rebellious streak in him. He did poorly in school and was often punished. The grit seen in his later screen heroes was already evident at a young age. Whenever he was beaten by his father, the boy would clench his teeth and hold back tears. A pattern throughout his life would be to keep his cards close to the vest, rarely letting others into his thoughts, eschewing vulnerability.
After a stint in the Navy at the end of World War I, and with no apparent ambitions, Bogart drifted into acting, partly with the help of family contacts in the theater known by his father. His ascent up the Broadway ladder was slow but by the end of the 1920s he was respected by critics and earned steady work. During his theater days, Bogart's tics became well known, his heavy drinking, his professionalism at work and his gruffness after a few drinks after a show, and his propensity to marry and divorce. He had a personal code, never (or rarely) having affairs (until his famous one in the 1940s), but also being a difficult husband who often married difficult women. His star-making turn on the stage in New York in 1935 was the play, The Petrified Forest, with a cast headed by the then-famous British actor, Leslie Howard and then made into a film with Howard and Bogart. It was this breakthrough that earned Bogart's 18-year contract at Warner Brothers, which turned out to be both the boon and bane of his existence. It also, because of the gangster element, threatened to consign him to typecasting
The book covers in great detail the savage tug of war that Bogart waged with studio mogul Jack L. Warner though the years of Bogart's seemingly endless string of bad movies and into the era of his great classics. Bogart's struggle to emerge from the shadows of Warner studio stars such as James Cagney, Edward G. Robinson, and George Raft was one he never got over and remained ever bitter about, even as he finally emerged in the mid-1940s as the highest-paid actor in Hollywood.
It also covers in great depth the bittersweet, sad marriage between Bogart and his third wife, actress Mayo Methot and their titanic struggles through alcohol-fueled verbal and physical brawls. Each gave as good as each got. There were not good and bad guys, and, to the book's credit, Mayo Methot is portrayed fairly, as is Bogart's obvious devotion and love for her. These were two people who existed to fight each other, and when the fighting was done they'd retire to their bed and bang. The book tells us that every Christmas, Bogart would screen the 1937 film, A Star is Born, a tale of a rising and falling star like that of his wife and himself, and Bogart would cry. When his friends would ask why, he would clam up.
On the set of Howard Hawks', To Have and Have Not in 1944, fireworks sparked between the middle-aged Bogart and the 19-year-old neophyte screen actress and New York model, Lauren Bacall, and the marriage to Methot was over. Even as he became more of a family man and a financial success and an Academy Award winner, Bogart never shed the demons that haunted him. The fear of failure, cynicism about his life achievement, the bitterness over years of career stagnation never left him. There are many Bogarts talked about in this book, the man who was the consummate professional, the trusted friend, and also the nasty man who'd insult you for no reason. Bogart's run-in with the Right-Wing HUAC committee over his Leftist leanings left him even more embittered and untrustful of the world.
The book is supremely well written, with a novelistic pace and flow, a collaboration between an author, Sperber, who had done years of impeccable research and died before she could complete a full draft, and Eric Lax, who whipped it all into shape. There will never be a more complete biography of Bogart; it would simply be impossible. This is the definitive one, which is pretty much universally acknowledged.
This was quite an epic journey, a fully dimensional portrait of a multi-layered man who left an immortal mark on culture, something that Bogart himself never believed would happen. Highest recommendation!
c. 2025 EG/K