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Mass Market Paperback
First published April 1, 1997
Susan R. Matthews has set a new mark in the area of realistic, informed science fiction. Her "Kosciusko" hexology, of which An Exchange of Hostages is the first volume, is a psychologically penetrating body of work in which the tensions in the plots arise from the personal conflicts within, and between, the characters. Her universe is unusually well thought-out along political, cultural, economic, religious, sexual, and military lines, and the political and moral implications of the patterns of conflict that result are the real themes of the books. The several volumes are not devoid of such space-opera staples as dramatic combat between space-based militaries, harrowing light-speed jumps, worlds at war, and oily power-plays between political figures ruthlessly using the main characters as pawns . . . but it is the internal motivations, and evolving self-knowledge, of the main character and other important figures that drive the stories.
Matthews has posited a far-flung empire ruled politically by a powerful, yet bureaucratic, Judiciary, backed up by the interplanetary Fleet, which serves both a military and law-enforcement role. The Fleet is nominally under Judiciary command, but often asserts its independence. To maintain their power, both must manage the complex maneuverings of and conflicts between various planetary cultures, some democratic, some hereditary plutarchies, each with its own history of ambitions and grievances.
The conflict between Fleet and Judiciary comes to its sharpest point in the role of the Inquisitors: Judiciary has determined that extreme measures must be taken to investigate breaches of order and exact punishments upon confession of crimes; it thus authorizes the use of a carefully defined and graded, but utterly vicious, escalating series of torture techniques to extract confessions and impose shocking deterrent executions. Because of the difficulty of controlling torture within such defined limits, across a variety of differing biological races, torturers are recruited from among the ranks of Fleet military physicians, who must be trained in the exacting techniques required and inured to the deliberate infliction of pain and death while still operating in their life-saving medical roles onboard ship. Themselves exempt from all other restraints of law, and armed by the Judiciary with a Writ to engage in the most barbaric abuses of its citizens, Inquisitors are dispatched on Fleet spaceships to serve as the most terrifying and destructive instantiation of Fleet and Judiciary power among the planets.
The cognitive and moral dissonance arising from the use of medical training for the destruction of human wills and bodies is the central theme penetrating each volume of this series, and the central character, Kosciusko, embodies all of the tensions that drive conflict throughout Matthews's universe. Kosciusko is the son and inheritor of one of the largest family plutarchies in the system, destined for vast economic power, but is pressured by his father to accept training as a Fleet Inquisitor in order to increase the family's political influence. He finds it impossible to maintain a normal moral and psychological equilibrium in this role. Inquisitors are provided with a team of security troops and personal assistants, made up of former enemies of the state who have been psychologically enslaved with brain-implant circuitry forcing them to serve and obey their Inquisitors to the utmost extreme, under fear of immediate crippling pain. Kosciusko must thus make his peace not only with his role as involuntary torturer but as slavemaster also. His continuing struggles with himself, and the exceedingly complex and nuanced nature of his relationship with his bonded security, are really what these books are about.
Matthews has thus created an unusual series in which moral dilemmas and personal self-growth (or failures therein) are the actual story. The political plotting, battles in space and planet-side, military trappings, and nicely-timed sexual digressions give the books the air of ordinary galactic-empire sci-fi, and it would be possible to read them lightly in that vein (no doubt with some puzzlement about the amount of time Kosciusko spends staring into mirrors wracked with self-loathing). But Matthews has posed searching - and too-timely - questions about the exercise of power, the role of the military, the responsibility of those in authority to those over whom they hold power, and the nature and obligations of basic humanity. This is science fiction taken to a high and demanding level of literary impact. It deserves to be taken seriously.
Matthews's writing is clean, not showy. She has a few tricks of plotting and character development, though, that give her writing some unique hooks. One is her casual and matter-of-fact way of working in variations on familiar human society, to give the reader something to think about without making a point of it. Examples include the evolutionary variation between the human races on the different planets and how that affects their interactions, the fact that Judiciary and Fleet power seem to be entirely self-justifying (democracy is a barely-mentioned concept, and vacancies at the highest levels of power are filled simply by consensus among the other power players), the intriguing (and often startlingly sophisticated) delineation of sometimes incompatible cultural and religious traditions among the various races, the unquestioning acceptance of slavery and slave-prostitution and of torture itself, the simultaneous co-existence of matriarchy, patriarchy, polygamy, and hereditary dynasty, as well as the passing assertion, late in the series, that high judges of the Judiciary must always be female because it was obvious that men would be too distracted by their uncontrollable sexual urges to be rational. (Oops! Didn't see that one coming, did you, boys?!) Even more intriguing is her pervasive emphasis on the psychological implications of virtually every event or conversation. This is at once the most evocative, and most intrusive, aspect of the books. Matthews invests almost literally every statement, gesture, or event with a second level of psychological significance: characters never just say things, they invariably imply hidden meanings and infer hidden meanings and occult maneuverings on the part of whomever they're speaking to. They also all seem to be expert at reading each other's psychological states from tiny twitches of the eyebrow. While in some way this is a realistic acknowledgement of human nature, she takes it to an extreme that seems to imply uncontrollable paranoia - or at least an implausible degree of psychological subtlety - on the part of every living being. It also makes it impossible for any two characters to just talk normally. It is exhausting reading every character's questioning and nuance-seeking at every single moment, and it would be exhausting to live that way. In contrast, however, while the books inevitably have a typical kind of sci-fi handwaving quality to their technical content, Matthews's own background as security officer in a military medical unit gives her plot settings and characterization an unmistakable verisimilitude that raises the overall tone of the books.
Susan R. Matthews has created a series that puts moral issues squarely to the front in a science-fiction setting. Her characters' struggles have a human realism and psychological depth that outpaces most of what you can expect in the space-opera genre. She uses the breadth of canvas that the sci-fi environment gives her to raise questions about cultural and political practices we would otherwise take for granted, and to display alternatives we could not see in an Earth-bound setting. The most shocking of these - organized political/military torture - has a gut-wrenching contemporary salience that gives her series even greater heft, and her unflinching treatment of that practice, and its effect on both its victims and their tormentors, is brave and brutal. Hers is sci-fi that realizes its highest potential as the visionary arm of the humanities. Readers are encouraged to start Matthews's "Kosciusko" series at its beginning (An Exchange of Hostages); it will be hard to stop.
As for that gateway volume itself - Matthews's debut novel - An Exchange of Hostages is a self-contained story of relatively small scope, introducing the characters and themes that will unfold over the rest of the series. It covers only the period of Kosciusko's training as an Inquisitor, as he masters the techniques of each level of judicial torture and begins to struggle within himself at what he faces - and what he learns - as he utilizes his skills as a master surgeon to become the most feared and accomplished torturer in Judiciary space. Kosciusko begins to develop his relationship with his bonded (i.e., enslaved) Security team, and picks up a hostile rival within the Judiciary hierarchy. Though the plot does not sound very dramatic, the psychological tension is high, and Matthews's penchant for explaining every character's motivations and feelings in exhaustive detail is much in evidence. The book is harrowing for the reader - the details of torture, and of the price it exacts from every participant, are unspared, although Matthews is skillful enough to invest these details with their moral significance, and to avoid the pitfall of horror-porn. The reader should be warned that it is not an easy read, though the plots and sub-plots move quickly enough that it works as a novel. In doing so, it also forces the reader to question the limits of power and what is done by the powerful in the name of the societies they serve. And it ties the reader to Kosciusko and his bond-involuntaries as tightly as they are bonded to each other.
An Exchange of Hostages is strongly recommended for readers with a desire for intelligent sci-fi, and for literary explorations of the dangers of power and human weakness.