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Hardcover
First published January 1, 1991
the addition to the novel's discourse of other ways of knowing—philosophy, history, meditative essay, dream, etc.—that will create “a new art of novelistic counterpoint” (quot'ns from The Art of the Novel) in which each (economically deployed) supplemental discourse resonates with the main narrative to the extent that the reader has a kind of polyphonic experience, listens to the concordant melodies of several well-trained voices, voices capable of superposing themselves in a single, unified thematic direction, into “one music.”In addition to this, Kundera advocates paring the narrative component itself down to the bare minimum, so as to attack the unique existential question which belongs to this novel and to no other novel (for that is, a K sees it, the novel's sole raison d'etre) as swiftly and as efficiently as possible, to achieve the maximum poetic desnity. "Such density," I go on (and on, a bit)
is further achieved through polyphonic composition, “the simultaneous presentation of two or more voices (melodic lines) that are perfectly bound together but still keep their relative independence”. But polyphony does not mean mere digression or the telling of stories-within-stories, something that the novel has dealt with since the seventeenth century. Rather, true polyphony can only result when there is no sense that the additional voice is a mere departure from the main narrative line, a departure that will somehow serve or be subsumed into the primary voice. For “one of the fundamental principles of the great polyphonic composers was the equality of voices: no one voice should dominate, none should serve as mere accompaniment (75). Each , in fact, should so successfully blend into the other that, while they appear to be quite independent of the others, when taken together the audience should experience “the invisibility of the whole”(76).Now in practice, some of Kundera's other books approach the ideal experience described above less closely than others: especially with the short stories, I feel, there is a sense that though polyphony was aimed for, cacophony threatened in the wings, or crept onstage while the conductor's back was turned.
Such an emphasis on thematic rather than narrative unity can be perceived most clearly by the reader in negative terms: if the reader mentally “erases” or removes even one of the voices from a Kundera novel—be it a diary entry, philosophical meditation or first person narration—it immediately becomes apparent that the brilliance of the novel’s thematic obsession—the number of thematic “lumens” it produces (so to speak, and to shift the metaphorical register from aural to visual) is thereby greatly diminished. If Immortality had been written without, for example, the story of Goethe and Bettina, or if The Unbearable Lightness of Being lacked the author’s meditation on how the philosophical legacy of Descartes cast a shadow over Teresa’s relationship with her dog Karenin, how much less powerful those two novels would be!
"The Queen of Pastimes, the sport of the intellect, the high romance of speculative thought; infinite in scope, relying on the treacherous subtlety and learning of the player; and yet, in its daring and refusal to heed mundane considerations, capable of splendid flights into the darkness that surrounds our visible world. Metaphysics, the mother of psychology and the laughing father of psychoanalysis. A wondrous game, Mr. Going, in which the players cannot decide what the relative values of the pieces are, or how big a board they are playing on. A wondrous, wondrous diversion for a really adventurous mind."His ghost spends relatively little time actually reflecting upon metaphysics or the above lives, however, and so the lone unifying feature to the polyphony—the regretful, loitering, but somewhat questing ghost—doesn't process the data quite enough himself to drive to the heart of the kind of existential question that Kundera is talking about above. That he projects it on to us, rather, as if he were the light shining through the film and we readers the screen, does provide its own unique pleasures (for one departs from the lives of ancestor's family to land like a time-traveler smack in the midst of another in much the same manner that one is forced to abruptly leave off reading one amazing novel's start in Cavino's If On a Winter's Night a Traveller only to be dazzled by another), but for this reader they felt like partial pleasures when viewing the novel as an attempted whole.
