Dr. Robin Zasio, the psychologist from the hit TV show "Hoarders," offers self-help for those of us with a tendency towards accumulating clutter (non-hoarders with hoarder tendencies or "clutterers") using the same professional guidance she gives her hoarder patients. This book is amazingly helpful for people wanting to deal with excessive clutter, but readers with even a low-level "hoarding" problem will probably need professional help as this book provides tools but cannot replace an actual therapist and won't magically turn a hoarder into a self-starter who is capable of decluttering.
She begins by identifying some of the many reasons behind hoarding tendencies and explaining the most common cognitive distortions underlying them. These are:
* all-or-none thinking -- seeing things in black or white categories
* overgeneralizing -- seeing a single event as a never-ending pattern
* discounting the positive -- rejecting positive experiences
* mind reading -- claiming to know the (usually negative) thoughts or feelings of others with no solid fact to support these conclusions
* fortune-telling -- anticipating that all future events will turn out badly and treating the prediction as it were an established fact
* catastrophizing -- expecting the worst possible outcome and responding to the prediction as though it is true
* emotional reasoning -- "I feel this way, so it must be true" / believing negative emotions reflect reality
* should statements -- trying to motivate one's self with should (or shouldn't) statements as if a punitive voice is required for action
* labeling -- attaching negative labels to one's self or others, an extreme form of overgeneralization.
Dr. Robin also challenges these "thinking errors" and provides alternative thoughts.
She explains the difference between collecting and stockpiling (82) and between being a saver and a pack rat (84).
On page 151, she identifies the three biggest traps that people fall into when attempting to declutter and the alternative views that will allow you to over come.
1) Trap: "I'm afraid that I'll need it and regret throwing it away." Alternative view: "If you haven't used it in a very long time and don't see a specific date by which you will use it, it's very likely that you will never need it. If you do, you can acquire another of the same item, either by borrowing or buying it secondhand if price is an issue."
2) Trap: "I'm afraid that I'll never get it back if I throw it away." Alternative view: "While you may never get that specific item back, the likelihood of a negative outcome resulting from not having the item is minute. What's more, if you do need it, there may well be a better version available at the time."
3) Trap: "My [relative or loved one] would have wanted me to keep it." Alternative view: "You loved [this person], and keeping or discarding any item doesn't change that fact. There are other ways of honoring [him or her] than keeping something that takes up space and makes you more overwhelmed."
Some of the most helpful advice is about letting go of things that were gifts, belonged to an era of your life that is over, that have no current use or use in the foreseeable future, that you keep "just in case," that might still be useful, that were freebies, that you don't want to "waste," that have sentimental value, and that belonged to a deceased relative or loved one. Below is the advice that I found to be gems.
The tendency to keep things "just in case" is one that most of us encounter. Dr. Robin's sage advice is: "There's nothing wrong with saving things that you think you might need in the future, or things that might be of value. But there's a fine line between being smart and planning ahead, and saving anything that could conceivably be of use to someone else in the near future, which can lead to excessive clutter" (83). "It may have a use, but if you don't have use for it in the moment, you are not going to make it more useful by keeping it in a drawer. It is not wasteful to get rid of something you don't need. You are not responsible for making use of everything that crosses your path" (124).
Another strong impulse that leads to clutter is not wanting to throw away anything that might be useful. Dr. Robin's advice to combat this is: "We hear so much about overcrowded landfills and recycling and reuse . . . It makes it very difficult to throw anything away that's not rotting or utterly useless, even if you have no plans to use it. But is it any better to treat your home or your yard like a landfill? Instead of throwing away excess things, we simply keep them, store them, stockpile them, and only very occasionally use them. The end result is a house full of clutter, and that, too, is a waste" (90).
In dealing with "good deals" and freebies, remember "It's not a 'good deal,' no matter how inexpensive it is, if you're not going to use it, if you already have another like it at home that will expire if you don't use it, or if it takes up space, which causes you stress" (120). "Free things can be very costly" (127). It is also important to keep in mind that "Free things are rarely free, and cost you big in terns of clutter, disorganization, and even money" (129).
Dr. Robin provides a helpful sidebar on pages 86 and 87 about how to determine if you are saving sentimental items because you are "stuck." The best piece of information in this section is the distinction between taking "good care" of the things you save and saving items that "get piled in the back of a closet, hidden under a bed, or stored in an attic or basement and possibly damaged by water or dust" (87).
She recommends against saving things simply because they are a part of your past, reminding the read that they are not dishonoring the person they were by getting rid of items that are no longer relevant to who they are now.
Unfortunately, she doesn't go into much detail about feeling compelled to keep things just because they were gifts. Dr. Robin only comments, "Sometimes it feels like we should save things simply because they were given to us, not because they're meaningful or useful" (83).
Dr. Robin lists her Rules for Clutterers on page 131:
Rule #1: One in, one out.
Rule #2: No homeless items. If you're considering bringing something into your home, you must be able to identify where it will live or what it will replace.
Rule #3: Be able to identify how and when you are going to use the item. In addition to a home, the item needs a plan.
Rule #4: Do things in the moment. If you put it off, you're unlikely to ever get around to [it].
Rule #5: No duplicates.
Rule #6: If it needs to be fixed in some way, it doesn't come it. Far more often than not, you won't get around to repairing it. If you're trying to cut back on clutter, nothing broken or in need of refurbishing should cross your threshold.
Dr. Robin also includes a sidebar with the OHIO (only handle it once) Rule for decluttering developed by Dr. Randy O. Frost on page 149.
* If it's broken, it goes.
* If it smells, it goes.
* If it's contaminated with bugs, mold, or animal droppings, it goes.
* Ask yourself if you have a use for it at a specific point in the future. If not, it goes.
* Are you giving it to someone on a set date in the future? If not, it goes.
* Does it have a home? If not, then it either goes, or something else does to give it a home.
Dr. Robin also includes her own question checklist of questions to help the reader determine whether or not to get rid of an item on pages 158 and 159.
1. Is it functional?
2. Do you love it?
3. Is it a classic or utilitarian item?
4. Is there a worthy story attached to the item?
5. Does the story make you feel good?
6. Is the item relevant to your life?