In this short 1946 collection from Avon Books, consisting of three stories and an essay, we have what some editorial wag at Avon labeled on the cover as “A redhead, a roulette wheel, and murder a la Chandler.” Well, what do editorial wags know? It does prove he at least read the first story, “Finger Man,” which is more than did the cover artist for the edition I have, giving us a blonde who is as blonde as a blonde can be. It’s, of course, a minor quibble, for it’s the meat we’re interested in, not the paper the butcher uses to wrap it. An odd metaphor, you might think, but as you read the three stories, you do begin to think they are rather rough cuts, and perhaps not quite prime. But, I admit, that may be a personal bias, since I have always considered Raymond Chandler’s short fiction inferior to his longer works.
In the titular “Finger Man.” We have a private detective who talks like Chandler’s Philip Marlowe, and in later editions is even renamed Marlowe, who provides evidence to the D.A. about a gangster, who then is hired by a shady friend with a system for beating the gangster’s roulette wheel. The impact of this story is created by Chandler’s economy of words, a trait not often found in the pulps, where writers were paid to be verbose, where the more words they wrote the less the Depression hurt. A terse line here, a short description there, and suddenly Chandler creates breathable atmosphere and breathing characters. As you read the story, you get a sense of déjà vu, not surprising, when you understand that elements of the story were later incorporated into “The Big Sleep,” but it’s the best fate this story could have, serviceable though it is.
In “The Smart-Aleck Kill,” published the same year (1934) as the first story, we have a detective named John Dalmas, but if you want to rename Marlowe in your mind, go ahead—it won’t hurt anyone’s image of the great detective and it might make the story more palatable. You won’t really have a silk purse, but the sow’s ear might be less obvious. In this tale of blackmail, blazing guns and booze, in which Dalmas’ client is a glamorous movie star, we have Chandler more influenced by the style of pulp writing, perhaps a bit more desperate to make a sale. There’s nothing really wrong with the story, but I imagine that the readers of Black Mask magazine (where it was first published) thought it no better or worse than other efforts that month and quickly moved on to the next tale.
“The Bronze Door” is an odd duck, and if you read it without a byline, no one will fault you for not knowing it had been written by Raymond Chandler and not Charles Beaumont for a “Twilight Zone” episode. It is a fantasy tale first published in the November 1939 issue of Unknown Magazine. In it, we meet mild-mannered James Sutton-Cornish who returns home one day for afternoon tea after having a few whiskeys at his club. His harridan wife, dismayed by his tipsiness, leaves him, taking her soul-mate with her, Teddy the terrible Pomeranian. In an alcoholic fog, he goes out, climbs into a hansom cab (though they haven’t been around at least twenty years), and at random visits a seedy auction house in storied Soho. There he buys the massive bronze door of the title, but not before the auctioneer steps through and vanishes, or seems to…you may have to read the passage a few times to decide what happens, and even then you may just frown and push on. He has the door installed in his house, and when the shrewish wife returns to pressure him to provide grounds for divorce (couldn’t he at least have the decency to go down to Brighton and have a seaside fling with a theatre wench?), neither she nor vile little Teddy are ever seen again. All the disappearances taking place around Mr Sutton-Cornish soon attract the interest of Scotland Yard, which sends a stolid and bulldogish detective sergeant to look into it. There is nothing at all hard-boiled about this story. Its coziness is enhanced by the dreaminess of Chandler’s style and its London setting, where a police detective can sit down with a suspect and enjoy a few morning whiskeys and a good cigar while questioning him. It contains none of the elements we look for when we read a story by Raymond Chandler, which is probably the best reason to read it.
The last entry in the book is the classic essay “The Simple Art of Murder,” published in the December 1944 issue of Atlantic Monthly magazine. If the other stories in this book are rough cuts, or just odd, then this essay is prime rib. It looks at mystery and detective stories as being the literature of realism. He examines the then-accepted classics of the genre and gives short shrift to them, especially those of English writers like Milne, Christie and Conan Doyle. The English mystery writers are not the best writers in the world, Chandler claims, but they are the best dull writers. Even the great Sherlock Holmes is dismissed as being nothing more than an attitude and a few great lines. His contention that most mystery stories break down when seen through the spectrum of realism paves the way for a paean to contemporary hardboiled detective writers like Dashiell Hammett and himself. Their work, he claims, is authentic, realistically set in a society “in which gangsters can rule nations and almost rule cities.” Such a world can be fought in literature only by a modern knight errant who walks the mean streets without himself becoming mean, a man whose honor can remain untarnished, but whose honor must also remain internal, never flaunted in the face of a corrupt society. Even though more than seventy years have elapsed since this essay saw print, it still remains relevant to today’s avatar of the genre. Chandler’s bias toward realism still holds sway, the gangsters still control our world (though they now have apologists and supporters in government and society), and the monstrosities of the nightly newscast are mirrored in the violence of contemporary crime novels. Chandler’s view of the literary hero needed for such a genre also still holds sway among mystery writers, but the nobility of that hero is now mostly seen in contrast to the depravity and destructiveness of the foes he is set against, rather than as an ideal stemming from the traditional mores of society.
The book is not easy to find, but it’s worth the effort if you can, especially if you are a Chandler fan. Even if you can’t, the stories and the essay have been reprinted elsewhere. They give you insight into Chandler the writer, both as man and icon. In “Finger Man,” we get a new appreciation for one of his best novels; in “The Smart-Aleck Kill” we see that even when Chandler was banal, he was better than most writers at their best; in “The Bronze Door” we see an unknown Chandler who probably should have been let out of the literary closet more often; and in “The Simple Art of Murder,” we see Chandler the intellectual, the best analyst of his own art, an advocate for the literature of murder, and a defender of its existence in an apparently ordered society.