This could be a downright delightful read, if you want to get a warm-hearted, loving tour of a Jewish community (in Vilna, or modern day Vilnius) in the early 20th century, and its characters. It makes me remember the old line about how you can know fiction to know the world--this puts you there, in the town, in its people's heads.
At the same time, though, it's not a page turner. Though it's a short book, its simple plot makes it seem long. Some passages, especially a long one about a gathering of rabbis, felt overlong to me.
But, if you know this and are okay with it, and if you want to get that tour of how things used to be, then you will enjoy it.
On a (rare) visit to a used book shop in Jerusalem, my eye caught "The Well," by Chaim Grade, one of the most important Yiddish writers of the 20th century, translated by Ruth Wisse, a foremost scholar of Yiddish. So I bought and sometime later read the book. Essentially it's local color - the Jewish neighborhood of Vilna, in the 1920s - without much of a plot. But even behind Wisse's somewhat stiff translation (the book came out in 1968, so she must have been somewhat of a novice), you can see what a great writer Grade was, and you can learn what life was like then and there. The Yiddish book, according to Wikipedia, came out in 1958 - but it must have been written before the war. After the Holocaust no one would write such a nostalgic book about prewar Jewish life. I guess I would highly recommend it to people like me, whose grandparents came from more or less there.
In my previous reviews of Chaim Grade’s books, I gave my opinion that Grade (1910-1982) should receive the Nobel Prize for literature. He was one of the leading Yiddish writers of the twentieth century. According to many, he was the best of an amazing group. His books are classics. I still feel this way.
The French literary critic Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve (1804-1869) wrote an extensive interpretation of “What is a Classic” based on the writings of past thinkers and his idea. He wrote. “A classic, according to the usual definition, is an old author canonized by admiration.” It denotes a writer of worth and distinction, a writer of account, and those who have become models.
Sainte-Beuve added, a true classic, “as I should like to hear it defined, is an author who has enriched the human mind, increased its treasure, and caused it to advance a step; who has discovered some moral and not equivocal truth, or revealed some eternal passion in [the] heart where all seemed known and discovered; who has expressed his thought, observation, or invention, in no matter what form only provided it be broad and great, refined and sensible, sane and beautiful in itself; who has spoken to all in his own peculiar style…easily contemporary with all time.”
Chaim Grade’s books meet these definitions.
In the 276-page 1967 translation of his masterpiece “The Well,” we read an engrossing story of life in a Jewish shtetl after the First World War that is tragic, funny, moving, emotional, and filled with exceptionally well-drawn portrayals of many inhabitants of the shtetl and their feelings and thoughts about what is transpiring before them. What they think makes us think.
There is a well in the synagogue courtyard of the shtetl from which Jews and non-Jews draw water. It was their only free source of water. One day it broke and would cost a fortune to repair. Jewish housewives, half dead from lack of water, run to the monastery, where despite being impoverished, they have to pay for the water. Mende, the porter, an orphan without any education, whom no one apprenticed to a trade, a laborer who carries people’s packages and delivers for them, takes the task of finding funds to repair the well upon himself. He feels that it is a mitzvah, a pious deed. Although he has no money to give toward the repair bill, he goes from place to place, even to a convention of ultra-pious rabbis, to beg money to pay for the repairs.
We read about the strange inhabitants of the shtetl. Among the multitude, Sarah the Conjuror is an old great-grandmother who casts out the evil eyes that torment Jews. She prescribes remedies for various illnesses such as toothaches, “Pour a few drops of camphor and a few drops of horseradish on a piece of cotton and push the cotton into the bad tooth. Boiled tobacco and alcohol is even better.” The widow Badane, whose saintly husband, a rabbi, died, looked younger than her daughter Rebecca who rejected two suiters, an outspoken communist and a beardless scribe whom pious Jews refused to use because he had no beard. She wants to marry Yerochum, who insists that everything on earth is just an illusion. He prefers spending time philosophizing and not working for his father, the wealthy merchant Reb Avigdor. Rebecca’s mother, Badane, wants to marry Reb Avigdor, making the lovers Rebecca and Yerochum brother and sister. There is a beggar who is nearly blind and is a miser. He does not seek a remedy for his eyes because the doctor’s bills would diminish his considerable savings. He donates a Torah scroll to the synagogue that he can hardly read.
Reb Bunem tries to help Mende the porter acquire funds. All of his children died, and his wife is now barren. He approaches the foremost rabbi of the generation. Could the rabbi please bless him and his wife so they can have another child? The rabbi refuses because nowadays, no one knows how children will turn out, and he may have a gangster as a child. We read about other ultra-Orthodox rabbis who considered the Mizrachi rabbis un-Jewish because they refused to wait for a miraculous messiah to appear and worked to reestablish Israel as the Jewish homeland. Would they contribute to repairing the well?
Continuing my quest to read everything Chaim Grade. Grade books are mostly out of print and very hard to find but luckily I have the YU library nearby where all books Jewish can be found. I found this book fantastic. Not so much plot in it but it really paints the picture of how looked before WWII.
I think what makes Chaim Grade great is his characters. He's fantastic at making great believable characters who you want to see more of. All his books revolve around his characters and they're always fantastic. I felt like I was sent back in a time machine to pre world war II Europe and got to experience the Jewish community that would soon be wiped out. A truly unique experience. Highly recommend this if you're interested in that same experience and can somehow get your hands on this book.