Teadmine, võim, subjekt. Valik räägitust ja kirjutatust

by Michel Foucault, Katre Talviste (Translator), Marek Tamm (Translator)

Malo pred smrtjo (leta 1984) je Michel Foucault, eden najpomembnejših filozofov in zgodovinarjev 20. stoletja, celotno svoje delo opisal z namero »ustvariti zgodovino različnih načinov, kako v naši kulturi človeška bitja postanejo subjekti«. Te različne načine pa je strnil v tri ključne pojme: kako postanejo predmet vednosti; kako postanejo predmet delitvenih praks oblasti; in nazadnje kako se subjektivirajo v razmerju do samih sebe. Okoli teh treh ključnih pojmov – vednost, oblast, subjekt – je osredinjen tudi pričujoči izbor, ki poskuša predstaviti nekaj najpomembnejših krajših tekstov, predavanj in intervjujev, v katerih je Foucault na kratko strnil svoja bistvena razmišljanja in jih sam predstavil v obliki, namenjeni širši publiki. Tako ti krajši teksti in posegi predstavljajo najboljši uvod v Foucaultovo mišljenje.

Na začetku devetdesetih je založba Krt izdala izbor Foucaultovih tekstov pod tem naslovom (Vednost – oblast – subjekt, 1991), ta že davno pošla knjižica pa je odigrala ključno vlogo pri uvajanju Foucaulta v naš prostor. Predstavljala je prvo branje Foucaulta za vrsto generacij, delovala je kot inspiracija za nove premisleke oblasti in služila za vzvod kritične recepcije. Sedemnajst let kasneje je pred nami bistveno razširjena izdaja (štirinajst tekstov), ki je obenem bistveno ažurirana in posodobljena (tedaj npr. še ni bila na voljo kritična izdaja krajših Foucaultovih tekstov Dits et écrits, 1994), izbor pa je strukturiran tako, da se čimbolje dopolnjuje z drugimi prevodi Foucaultovih del v slovenščino, ki se jih je v teh sedemnajstih letih nabralo veliko.

Genres: Philosophy, Sociology, Politics, Nonfiction

408 pages, Paperback

First published November 1, 1987

About the author

Paul-Michel Foucault was a French philosopher, historian of ideas, writer, political activist, and literary critic. Foucault's theories primarily address the relationships between power and knowledge, and how they are used as a form of social control through societal institutions. Though often cited as a structuralist and postmodernist, Foucault rejected these labels. His thought has influenced academics, especially those working in communication studies, anthropology, psychology, sociology, criminology, cultural studies, literary theory, feminism, Marxism and critical theory.
Born in Poitiers, France, into an upper-middle-class family, Foucault was educated at the Lycée Henri-IV, at the École Normale Supérieure, where he developed an interest in philosophy and came under the influence of his tutors Jean Hyppolite and Louis Althusser, and at the University of Paris (Sorbonne), where he earned degrees in philosophy and psychology. After several years as a cultural diplomat abroad, he returned to France and published his first major book, The History of Madness (1961). After obtaining work between 1960 and 1966 at the University of Clermont-Ferrand, he produced The Birth of the Clinic (1963) and The Order of Things (1966), publications that displayed his increasing involvement with structuralism, from which he later distanced himself. These first three histories exemplified a historiographical technique Foucault was developing called "archaeology".
From 1966 to 1968, Foucault lectured at the University of Tunis before returning to France, where he became head of the philosophy department at the new experimental university of Paris VIII. Foucault subsequently published The Archaeology of Knowledge (1969). In 1970, Foucault was admitted to the Collège de France, a membership he retained until his death. He also became active in several left-wing groups involved in campaigns against racism and human rights abuses and for penal reform. Foucault later published Discipline and Punish (1975) and The History of Sexuality (1976), in which he developed archaeological and genealogical methods that emphasized the role that power plays in society.
Foucault died in Paris from complications of HIV/AIDS; he became the first public figure in France to die from complications of the disease. His partner Daniel Defert founded the AIDES charity in his memory.