I was shocked to learn that I had never read a single volume about the war in North Africa in its entirety, so I dug through my gigantic collection of Military History titles and found this title buried near the bottom. I had never read it, and was amused to find the original receipt of its purchase (back in 2004) within the pages.
This was a quick, easy read that was a good British centric overview of the fighting in the North African deserts during the Second World War.
The North African theater was vital to the British war effort. Axis control of the region would have opened up the oil fields of Arabia and the larger Middle East to German and Italian control, not to mention outflanked the Soviet Union. Loss of Egypt would have been incredibly damaging to Britain's war effort both on a logistical basis as well as politically. The Egyptians were already simmering under British authority and when Rommel's army approached the El Alamein position, not far from Alexandria, the streets of Cairo erupted with pro German Arab demonstrations.
Then again, and this is something some don't really consider, had the Italians done better in their own invasion of Egypt in late 1940, Rommel might never have become a household name in the States and Europe.
The Italian invasion of Egypt was a case study in how caution can ruin military fortunes. O'Connor, the British 8th Army commander, badly outnumbered and heavily outgunned by the Italians had no choice but to fall back while refusing to get sucked into a major battle. When the Italians dug in only about 60 miles inside Egypt, O'Connor took the opportunity to take the initiative and launch an offensive that completely undid the far larger Italian army.
Chasing the Italians all the way back to El Agheila inside Libya (hundreds of miles away), the British all but destroyed the Italian army and won their first significant victory of the entire war. Hitler, no doubt fuming, had no choice but to send German troops to shore up his unfortunate allies. They would be commanded by a still only marginally well known middle ranking German General by the name of Erwin Rommel.
While the fortunes of the desert war would shift back and forth Rommel, always at a numerical and material disadvantage, would run rings around his British opposition, winning an especially huge victory at Gazala which culminated in the fall of the port city of Tobruk and the capture of over 30,000 British and Imperial prisoners. Despite this great victory, however, Rommel could not destroy the larger British force and was forced to chase them into Egypt, stopping at the El Alamein position.
I thought, personally, that the authors were a bit hard on Auchinlek, he did, after all, deliver a sound thrashing to Rommel in the First Battle of Alamein. The authors also gave a rather formulaic nod to the genius of Montgomery. While Montgomery is still reviled by most Americans (I am one, so I feel free to comment), I don't see him as such a dupe that most of my countrymen do. However, I do not in any way see him as Rommel's equal, then again I didn't gather that the authors felt that way either.
The book does a credible job with the main battle of El Alamein, the true turning point of the war (it happened a full three months before the end of Stalingrad) and they do a nice short overview of the fighting in Tunisia where, briefly, the Germans, once again, displayed their superior martial skills (especially against the Americans).
All in all a good book, though almost entirely lacking in any kind of analysis. But that's not all a bad thing, the books main import was to tell the story's of the men, especially the British/Imperial ones, who fought the war. And in that it excels. The authors did a good job at pointing out the heroism of the non British troops involved in the British effort: South Africans, Indians, and the awesome New Zealanders and Australians.
The book also tried to be fair to the Italians, who get an unduly harsh rap most of the time from military historians, and I feel as though they succeeded. There were enough first person Italian viewpoints to relate at least some of their story and the authors gave them credit where it was due. The Italians, however, were not the poor bumpkins that most Americans think they were. They were good soldiers who suffered under poor leadership, poor equipment, iffy logistics, and their hearts simply weren't in the war. The average Italian never shared Mussolini's ambitions, especially as they would have to bleed for it. While the American side got largely ignored, this is forgivable as the Americans didn't even show up till November of 1942 and didn't even fight Rommel's veterans till February the next year. The Americans were smashed by the Afrika Korps veterans in their first several encounters and took a while to rally. Also, the books focus was 8th Army. So, in the end, I didn't really mind so much.
Still, a very good book to serve as an introduction into the war in North Africa. Recommended.