Volume 23 of the collected papers of John C. Calhoun covering the last nine months in the twenty-ninth congress (April 1846 to December 1846) provides insight into the significant issues facing the country during the period including the Oregon crisis, the Mexican War, tariff reform, and the initial
John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was a leading politician and political theorist from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century. A powerful intellect, Calhoun eloquently spoke out on every issue of his day, but often changed positions. Calhoun began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer, and proponent of a strong national government and protective tariffs. After 1840 he switched to states' rights, limited government, nullification and free trade. He is best known for his intense and original defense of slavery as a positive good, for his inventing the theory of minority rights in a democracy, and for pointing the South toward secession from the Union.