Drawing on research projects conducted over the last twelve years, this lecture explores factors identified in current policy, media and other social and political forums as the risks and responsibilities of contemporary parenting. It argues that there is a fundamental need to deconstruct common sense understandings of what constitutes good parental behavior in relation to schools and other educational settings, and instead engage with the diversity of perspectives which families from different social class and ethnic groups bring to the education of their children, and the differential resources with which they equip those children.