John P. Kotter, world-renowned expert on leadership, is the author of many books, including Leading Change, Our Iceberg is Melting, The Heart of Change, and his latest book, That's Not How We Do It Here!. He is the Konosuke Matsushita Professor of Leadership, Emeritus at the Harvard Business School, and a graduate of MIT and Harvard. He is co-founder of Kotter International, a change management and strategy execution firm that helps organizations engage employees in a movement to drive change and reach sustainable results. He and his wife Nancy live in Boston, Massachusetts.
Kotter argues that many people in the workforce are either cynics or naïve; both believing that failures to get things done are due to incompetence or malice on the part of individuals when, more often than not, some existing organizational relationship is overly stressed by the potential change. Good managers, according to Kotter, will develop a detailed knowledge of the formal and informal power structures throughout an entire organization (and beyond) and act accordingly within those power flows to accomplish tasks and drive change. This is an idealized situation for sure. By definition, it is impossible to fully understand the interdependencies in a complex organization (otherwise, it wouldn't be very complex, would it?). To learn all these complex relationships, Kotter advocates being a receptive follower, a peer mentor, a bastion of technical competence, and a good leader to subordinates. In essence, don't be an uncooperative jerk and do a good job.
On the whole, Kotter's argument is sound but deserves a caution that any attempt to manipulate social relationships in a complex organization will probably fail in that it will not produce the exact desired output. A substantial part of this effort should be grooming your bosses in how to manage perceived failure (or in prepping your backup career for when you bet everything on a flawed idea). Entertaining read because of the anecdotes and vignettes, but short on substance.
Feels rather dated now, as many organisational cultures have moved on from the American 1970s corporations.
Still many helpful concepts as clearly human nature hasn’t changed - mainly:
- A lack of good ideas is rarely the issue - Good leaders need to be aware of the lateral dependencies involved - Good leaders are always aware of where they are on the lifecycle of leadership.
This book was written in the 80s, and yet, the concepts are so relevant and still apply today. This is especially true in so called ‘developing’ countries that in many cases are still stuck in syndromes and problems more ‘developed’ countries have learned to deal with.
Loved reading these insights from Kotter for my leadership class! Lots of new perspectives on power dynamics within organizations and how others can use their power!
Recommended to me by an Intel colleague, a Harvard MBA who took Kotter's class, it has remained one of the most important and pivotal books on leadership I have ever read. The "greed is good" generation of HBS students took his class believing they would learn how to kick ass and take names, and instead they learned the importance of humility. Everything in this book remains as valid as when he wrote it 30 years ago.