Preaching Christ from the Old Testament: A Contemporary Hermeneutical Method

by Sidney Greidanus

Arguing for the need both to preach Christ in every sermon and to preach regularly from the Old Testament, Sidney Greidanus develops a christocentric method that will help preachers do both simultaneously.

Greidanus challenges Old Testament scholars to broaden their focus and to understand the Old Testament not only in its own historical context but also in the context of the New Testament. Suggesting specific steps and providing concrete examples, this volume provides a practical guide for preaching Christ from the Old Testament.

Genres: Theology, Christianity, Christian, Old Testament, Biblical Studies, Nonfiction, School

391 pages, Paperback

First published June 30, 1999

About the author

Sidney Greidanus (born 1935) is an American pastor and biblical scholar.

Greidanus studied at Calvin College and Calvin Theological Seminary before obtaining a Th.D. from the Free University in Amsterdam. He served as pastor in the Christian Reformed Church and taught at Calvin College and The King’s College before becoming professor of preaching at Calvin Theological Seminary in 1990.

Greidanus is best known for his emphasis on preaching Christ from Old Testament texts. He has been described as one of the most important and influential authors today in the area of biblical preaching.

Reviews

[Henry Holmberg · Rating 4 out of 5]

I love reviewing book titles: This book’s title is good, just backwards. The subtitle “A Contemporary Hermeneutical Method” should be the main title, as it takes up three quarters of the book’s pages. It makes a strong case for biblically responsible preaching that sees Christ as the center of all scripture. The actual main title should be the subtitle “Preaching Christ from the Old Testament”. While this was only covered in the last three chapters of the book, they were effective chapters.

All in all a helpful book to those who struggle to read/teach Christ when looking at Old Testament texts. This book proves there is a way to teach Jesus Christ from the book of Leviticus without making will jumps, confusing allegories, or bending the cultural context of the ancient documents.

[Mike Knox · Rating 5 out of 5]

Note: this is not much of a book review, but more a collection of notes.

Who should read this book: Anyone who wants to see / share Christ in / from the OT without resorting to allegory (Rahab’s scarlet cord speaks of Christ’s blood) and irresponsible typology (on which see below). This book gives seven ways of moving from OT text to Christ responsibly and dare I say, exegetically.

Greidanus insists on two things: We must preach Christ, and we must preach from the OT. He gives some great reasons to defend the latter (e.g., the OT proclaims truths not found in the NT, p.27). A couple quotes will have to suffice:

Quoting Michael Duduit: “For us to neglect these books in our preaching is to abandon our congregations to theological shallowness and mediocrity” (p.28).

Quoting Bright: “The Old Testament holds the gospel to history. It is the surest bulwark against the assimilation with alien philosophies and ideologies, against a flight into a sentimental and purely otherworldly piety, and against that disintegrating individualism that so easily besets us” (p.32).

Willimon: “Unable to preach Christ and him crucified, we preach humanity and it improved” (p.34).

But there are difficulties in preaching Christ from the OT—a history of them. And so Greidanus surveys approaches from as early as the church fathers: allegorical (Justin Martyr and many others), typological (Chrysostom and others), Christological (Luther), theocentric (Calvin), and some modern Christological approaches (Spurgeon and Visher).

The literary context of the OT is the NT; therefore “every message from the Old Testament must be seen in the light of Jesus Christ” (p.51). And the reverse is true (p.53).

The most valuable contribution of the book is the seven ways of moving from an OT text to Christ:

* The way of redemptive-historical progression
* The way of promise-fulfillment
* The way of typology
* The way of analogy
* The way of longitudinal themes
* The way of contrast

Definition of typology: “New Testament typology is thus essentially the tracing of the constant principles of God’s working in history, revealing ‘a recurrent rhythm in past history which is taken up more fully and perfectly in Gospel events’” (quoting France, who quotes Lampe, pp.212-3).

Eichrodt: “Types are persons, institutions, and events of the Old Testament which are regarded as divinely established models or prerepresentations of corresponding realities in the New Testament salvation history” (pp. 254-5).

Three criterion must be met in order for a type to be recognized: correspondence, escalation, and theocentricity.

[Evan · Rating 4 out of 5]

all in all a very good text. it's valuable for providing practical ways of preaching Christ from the OT. and his historical overview is very helpful. and his theoretical argument against allegory and Christomonism is very good.

I do have a couple concerns:
he doesn't allow us to understand the primary meaning of an OT text based off of NT use of it. he wants us to just go by OT alone. this is why he ends up where he does on Gen. 22 despite the clear NT references that "generalize" it to us. and his hermeneutical method necessarily precludes generalization, so it couldn't mean what it means in Hebrews 11 and James 2.

the Anglicanism shows through in unhelpful ways. He often wants us to make the main point of the text the broad point for the readers of Israel. for the lectionary preacher, making the Rahab passage into a sermon about conquest is good enough, but for the lectio continua preacher, you immediately run into problems because most of Joshua is that theme. there are similar issues in other passage analyses.

[Daniel · Rating 4 out of 5]

Somewhere between 3 and 4. Maybe 3.75.

[Sarah Hyde · Rating 3 out of 5]

Read this to become a pastor. (Jk I’m a girl)

[Taylor Rollo · Rating 3 out of 5]

Review of Preaching Christ from the Old Testament by Sidney Greidanus

In 2 Ti. 4:2, Paul tells Timothy to preach the Word, in season and out. Of course, right before this verse in 3:16-17, almost in the same breath, Paul has told Timothy, “All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.” So, we know that the Word Timothy is to preach is Scripture. Many years earlier, recorded in Lk. 24:27, we see Christ Himself showing His disciples how “all the Scriptures” witness to Him. What conclusion are we to draw? That we must preach the Word and to preach the Word, whether Old or New Testament, means to preach Christ. The question is, then, how do we preach Christ from Scripture? This question is much more acute when it comes to preaching Christ from the Old Testament (OT), where Christ is not mentioned by name. Some have simply rejected the idea of preaching Christ from the OT, but that cannot be valid since Jesus Himself showed that the OT is about Him. How do we properly, faithfully preach Christ from the OT? That is the question that Sidney Greidanus has set out to answer in his book, Preaching Christ from the Old Testament. In it, Greidanus examines the necessity of preaching Christ, the history of preaching Christ, and the method for preaching Christ from the OT.

Right from the table of contents, one can see that this is a well organized book. Greidanus lays out a specific, logical path for discussing this important issue. In chapter one, he lays out the issues and the necessity of preaching Christ from the OT. In chapter two, he further expands and elaborates on the necessity of preaching Christ from the OT, covering many reasons why pastors do not preach Christ from the OT and presuppositions that are necessary for this endeavor. In chapters three and four, he looks at the history of attempts to preach Christ from the OT, covering church history from the early Church fathers to the 20th century and giving the pros and cons of various methods. In chapter five, Greidanus looks to the NT and the apostles for principles of preaching Christ from the OT. The book climaxes in chapters six and seven, where Greidanus applies the principles derived from the apostles’ examples to his "Christocentric method" and gives ten clear steps to preparing a faithful, Christocentric sermon from the OT. Finally, in chapter eight, he concludes the book with several examples of preaching Christ with the Christocentric method. In this review, we will summarize each chapter and then give some concluding thoughts about the value of this work.

In chapter one, Greidanus introduces this topic. He first tackles the overarching idea of preaching Christ in general, showing that it is absolutely necessary to preach Christ in every sermon and the general agreement on this assertion. However, he also shows that there is much confusion about how this is to be accomplished. Does preaching Christ mean that every sermon has to somehow connect to Christ's death and resurrection? Does it mean “drawing lines to Christ” or finding allegorical interpretations of texts that we can apply to Christ? Greidanus holds that preaching Christ is much larger than these questions. Preaching Christ is as broad as preaching the gospel of the Kingdom of God, and “to preach Christ is to proclaim some facet of the person, work, or teaching of Jesus of Nazareth so that people may believe him, trust him, love him, and obey him.” He later states, “we can define ‘preaching Christ’ as preaching sermons which authentically integrate the message of the text with the climax of God's revelation in the person, work, and/or teaching of Jesus Christ as revealed in the New Testament.” Greidanus shows that preaching Christ means preaching the whole Christ and not just one aspect of His work, as important or crucial as that aspect may be, and preaching the whole Christ in a way that is faithful to the message of the text. After establishing the necessity and a general definition, Greidanus then focuses in on the necessity of preaching Christ from the OT. He shows various reasons and presuppositions for why some do not even attempt to preach Christ from the OT and gives some general reasons why preachers must preach Christ from the OT. He further expands this subject in the next chapter.

As stated above, Greidanus expands on the necessity of preaching Christ from the OT in chapter two. He elaborates on the reasons for why people do not preach Christ from the OT, which he touched on in the previous chapter. He covers issues of man-centered teaching, concern for/because of invalid attempts at preaching Christ from the OT, and theological systems that drive a wedge between the Old and New Testaments. He expands on the latter, showing that the OT is not non-, sub-, or pre-Christian but is actually Christian. He points out that the OT is only “pre-Christian” chronologically and shows that “‘Christian’ describes the character of the Old Testament, its nature.” He then provides his explanation for how the two testaments relate, highlighting the redemptive history that underlies them both, their promise-fulfillment nature linked by Christ, the apostles’ use of the OT, and that one cannot really understand the OT without the light of Christ or understand Christ without the OT (what he calls the “hermeneutical circle”). A brief survey of the NT preaching of Christ from the OT follows. He looks at Christ's own teaching and how the NT writers used the OT to preach Christ, whether it be in the gospels, Acts, or the epistles. He concludes by saying, “The point for contemporary preachers is this: if the Old Testament indeed witnesses to Christ, then we are faithful preachers only when we do justice to this dimension in our interpretation and preaching of the Old Testament.”

In chapters three and four, Greidanus looks at the history of preaching Christ from the OT. He covers both the famous preachers from the early Church fathers to the 20th century and the major methods for preaching Christ that have prevailed throughout Church history—allegorical, typological, fourfold, Christological, and theocentric. In his explanation of each he gives background, examples, and then evaluates the pros and cons of each method. It is obvious that Greidanus is attempting to be charitable to past Christian preachers for he always finds something good to say about the person or the method before he gives its shortcomings. One realizes quickly that he is particularly worried about allegorical interpretations of the OT. He is not opposed to it completely but is very worried about it because it is often applied to any text (especially the difficult ones) without taking genre into account. Greidanus comments, “[T]o use allegorical interpretations for other genres of literature, say historical narrative, is to make a genre mistake and to read alien ideas into the text.” He cites many examples of how this has been done throughout Church history, showing how this method must be used with great care only when the genre or text demands it.

In chapter five, Greidanus starts to move from general principles and history to the foundation for a method. He analyzes the NT looking for principles for preaching Christ from the OT. At the outset, he cautions that preaching Christ can lead to “Christomonism” ignoring the Triune God. He shows that preaching the whole Christ means preaching the Triune God, though it does not mean that “every sermon give more or less equal time to each person in the Godhead.” God planned and sent. Christ came and accomplished. The Spirit empowered, sustained, and applied. When we preach Christ properly and fully we will always have the opportunity to show the glory of the Triune God. After this caution, Greidanus goes on to look at the NT use of the OT. Here, he shows the depth of OT saturation of the NT (32% of the NT is OT quotation or allusion!) and derives presuppositions behind the NT use of the OT: God acts uniformly but progressively in history, Jesus inaugurated the Kingdom age, Jesus is truly God, the Hebrew use of corporate personality, and that the OT must be read from the perspective of the reality of Christ. He ends this chapter with the foundation of the next—the “roads” that lead from the OT to Christ. He names six roads: redemptive-historical progression, promise-fulfillment, typology, analogy, longitudinal themes (OT themes reinterpreted in the light of Christ), and contrast.

Chapters six and seven form the heart of this book. Here Greidanus gives his (redemptive-historical) “Christocentric method” and ten steps to preaching Christ from the OT. Greidanus advises that Christocentricity must be redemptive-historical, i.e. “Only after we have heard a passage the way Israel heard it can we move on to understand this message in the broad contexts of the whole canon and the whole of redemptive history.” This is incredibly important because “it offers the only objective point of control against deriving from the text all kinds of subjective and arbitrary messages.” Once we know where they are in the redemptive-historical context, we can step out on the appropriate “road” towards preaching Christ from the OT. Greidanus shows this by elaborating on the “roads” mentioned in the previous chapter and adding a seventh—NT references to the OT passage. He looks at each method (“road”) by establishing rules for each and giving examples of how to apply each method properly. He spends the most time on the typological method because there is so much misunderstanding of typology. After establishing his method in chapter six, he moves on to chapter seven to give ten practical steps for preaching Christ from the OT properly and give an extended example from Genesis 22. His ten steps are the following: 1) select a text considering the needs of the congregation, 2) read in its literary context, 3) outline the text, 4) interpret the text in its historical setting, 5) determine the text’s theme and goal, 6) expand in the interpretation to the context of redemptive history, 7) formulate the theme and goal of your sermon, 8) select a form for your sermon that follows the form of the text (e.g. narrative, didactic, etc.), 9) write an outline, and, finally, 10) write out the sermon in oral style.

Finally, in chapter eight, Greidanus practices this method. Using several texts he compares his method with popular allegorical interpretations of the texts. He then gives some exercises for the reader to follow to get the hang of preaching Christ from the OT. After having read and digested a lot of material in this book, it is very helpful for the reader to practice some of what he has just learned. This will solidify the method in his mind.

In the final analysis, this book is an incredible resource for pastors and should be in every pastor’s library. Greidanus evaluates the issues, establishes the presuppositions, looks at the history, and derives from the NT a method for preaching Christ for the OT that is faithful to the text. He follows a very logical and clear path throughout the book, it is written in many short sections for quick reference, he gives a very clear method preaching Christ, and then he gives practical steps for writing a sermon. This book is also full of useful examples that one can turn to for each “road” to preaching Christ.

It is difficult for me to find anything to criticize in this book. I image that pastors who are not from a Reformed background might struggle with some of what Greidanus has to say because much of his method is dependent on covenant theology presuppositions. He, of course, is presuming what he believes to be a proper, biblical hermeneutic and does not have the space to justify it in this already-large work. I completely agree with him, but I imagine someone from a dispensational background would have a hard time with his views of the OT since they do not share his presupposition. Another minor criticism might be his treatment of some of the previous attempts to preach Christ from the OT in Church history. Near the beginning of the book he says, “If contemporary hearers were living in a culture saturated with Christian thinking and action, one might perhaps take for granted that people hearing a sermon would sense how it is related to Christ” but then criticizes pastors for preaching with such an assumption in such an environment. Take Calvin, for example, who he criticizes for not “producing explicitly Christ-centered sermons in the context of the whole of Scripture.” He says, “[H]e may have assumed that his hearers would make the connections to Christ” because he “preached in Christian Geneva,” but concludes, “this still leaves us with an inadequate model for preaching in our post-Christian culture.” He seems to be implying that for Calvin’s method to be right it must be transferable to our setting, but that is not a fair appraisal of Calvin’s preaching. Just because his method cannot be applied to our context does not mean Calvin should be criticized. He was in the type of “culture saturated with Christian thinking” that Greidanus mentions early in the book and should not be criticized because his method cannot be transferred to our context. This, however, is only a minor blot on an otherwise excellent work.

[Salvador Blanco · Rating 4 out of 5]

A rigorous and technical book on the topic of preaching Christ from the Old Testament. Greidanus properly puts allegorical interpretation in its place, but you can tell he sees it as less useful than others. I'm glad he talks through strengths and weaknesses of quadriga and other interpretive methods, but he definitely trusts grammatical-historical method with a Christological lens more than others. His ten steps from text to sermon are gold. His historical analysis is of interpretation is helpful.

Favorite quote:

"In contrast to Christomonistic tendencies, the first New Testament principle to remember is that Christ is not to be separated from God but was sent by God, accomplished the work of God, and sought the glory of God. What may have escaped many in their proper concern to preach 'Christ and him crucified' is that Paul links these very references to God" (179).

[Knut Kåre · Rating 4 out of 5]

Dette er en god bok om forkynnelse over GT, nærmere bestemt å forkynne Kristus ut fra GT. Greidanus diskuterer ulike "metoder" /"veier" man kan gå langs for å komme fra GT til Kristus. Dette er veier som hele tiden er forankret i et syn på Bibelen som en enhetlig åpenbaring av Guds frelseshistorie i Kristus.

Jeg leste en nyere versjon som var en god del lengre (530 sider). Uten å ha lest den gamle versjonen, kan jeg konkludere med at Greidanus nok kunne klart seg med færre ord. Han blir litt ordgytende til tider.

[Bradley Somers · Rating 5 out of 5]

An absolute must read for preachers and teachers of God’s Word. These clear methodologies and warnings should be studied and practiced by every student in Bible College or Seminary who hopes to preach or teach some day. This book should be reviewed every ten years or so by those who are practiced teachers of God’s Word. I appreciated this book over Greidanus’ “the Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text”.

[Mitchell Traver · Rating 4 out of 5]

I don’t share the hard-line approach that Greidanus takes toward exemplary exegesis and a more expansive typology, but his work here on redemptive-historical exegesis is superb. Very helpful for OT interpretation, especially.

[Andrew Hageman · Rating 5 out of 5]

Brilliant, helpful, practical

[Parker · Rating 2 out of 5]

Disappointing.

[Faith Key · Rating 3 out of 5]

enjoyed the chapters on the history of preaching Christ from the OT

everything else <<

fine, helpful, and boring

[Myles Southern · Rating 4 out of 5]

Probably my favorite textbook thus far. Definitely challenged some of my thinking, but I still wouldn’t agree with all of his preaching takes.

[Dan · Rating 5 out of 5]

Best intro to preaching Christ from the OT. I learned a ton from his overview of hermenutical methods used throughout church history. His approach to preaching Christ from the OT, while maintaining the text's literary-historical interpretation seems to be a very balanced approach. He gives seven different approaches of preaching Christ from the OT: redemptive-historical progression, promise-fulfillment, typology, anology, longitu themes, NT references, and contrast. His examples of using these approaches at the end of the book were extremely helpful. Very accessible to non-scholars.

[John Yelverton · Rating 4 out of 5]

A very interesting and well researched book. Whereas I had problems with several of the author's conclusion, it definitely accomplished his task of forcing me to look at the Christocentric method from a different perspective.

[Guillaume Bourin · Rating 4 out of 5]

This is simply one of the most amazing book of preaching I have ever read. Greidanus is an Old Testament scholar passionate by the narrative sections. Anyone who wants to expose the Word of God faithfully should have read this book (no kidding!)

[Todd Miles · Rating 4 out of 5]

A very strong book with a lot of insight into how to do what the title says - preach Christ from the OT and do it legitimately and faithfully. It is a tad long, but that is due to his helpful commitment to walking through each step of the process of sermon preparation for his readers.

[Patrick · Rating 5 out of 5]

What kind of a book is the Old Testament? Is it a series of biographical accounts that show NT Christians what to do or not to do (don’t be like Saul but be like David and slay your giants)? Or is it a book of moral principles for believers (who should “put into practice” texts from books like Proverbs)? And what about Jesus Christ and the OT? Is He there and if so, how? Should we find Christ in every detail (so that Rahab’s scarlet rope represents Christ’s shed blood)? What kind of a book is the OT and can someone really “preach Christ from it”? This is a question that has been raised throughout church history and to which there have been various responses. In this book, the author traces the history of “preaching Christ from the OT” and presents steps by which faithful preachers can communicate Christ from the OT.

Preaching Christ from the Old Testament is a scholarly work in which the author covers a lot of ground. He begins with an introduction to preaching Christ from the OT and then moves to a history of efforts to preach Christ both in the early church and from the Reformation onward. The historical section will enable the reader to see different ways in which Christ was preached from the OT and the strength and weaknesses of various approaches. The balance of the book presents responsible hermeneutical procedures for preaching Christ from the OT and specific steps in how the preacher can proceed. The final chapter presents specific examples of how the author’s method can be applied to OT texts.

This is an excellent book and one that I wish I had read many years ago. Given the biographical or moralistic preaching that often characterizes efforts to preach from the OT, this book is a valuable guide to faithful Christian preaching in which Christ is to be preached from all of Scripture.

Perhaps the most obvious weakness of this book is that those who would most profit from it (preachers) are unlikely to enjoy its benefits. The book is a scholarly work and the terminology that the author employs is somewhat daunting. While some preachers may be able to follow his argument and quickly apply his method, many will find the argument ponderous and the application difficult. This is unfortunate because the preacher who perseveres through the reading of this work and the effort to put it into practice will find be equipped to preach Christ clearly and appropriately from the Old Testament which is an essential part of the Christian Bible.

[Grace · Rating 4 out of 5]

A phenomenal book on how to preach the Old Testament! Greidanus' commitment to the authority of Scripture is strong, which I appreciated. My only complaint is that he still allows for typological preaching, reading Christ back into the Scriptures. He wouldn't say that typology is doing that, but I would. Preachers use many "types" in the Old Testament that have no moorings in the Bible. Creating "types" of Christ according to whim and fancy inadvertently cuts at the authority of the Scripture. If a preacher or teacher can call anything a "type" of Christ than there is no consensus. Interpretation of the text is cut loose from exegesis and becomes eisegesis, reading meaning into the text that was never intended. For example in Genesis 22 in the story where Abraham was asked by God to sacrifice Isaac. Different preachers identify three "types" of Christ. Abraham, Isaac and the ram each represent Christ in some way, they say. They can't all be types, so which one is it? No telling because the Scripture is silent on that. There are plenty of types which the Bible does use. Let's stick to those. Also some preachers even say the thorns in the thicket, where the ram was found, represent the thorns of the crown. This type of speculation takes the focus off the real message of the story, which is about Abraham's faith in God, that grew over the decades of walking with Him. There is enough right there to awe us and challenge us.

Other than that this book has a lot to offer those who want to teach and preach the Old Testament.

[JJ Powell · Rating 4 out of 5]

I really appreciate what Greidanus was doing in this book, but I felt like it had a little too much overlap with generic preaching books to really capture my attention. I thought the first section on why the Old Testament needs to be part of our preaching schedule was well-done, and I thought the sections on the history of how Christ has been preaching from the Old Testament was very interesting, but it lost me a bit once we moved onto the actual hermeneutical method. There's nothing that I actively dislike, but there really isn't anything in here that wouldn't be in any other book on expository preaching. I might have given this 5 stars if I hadn't read a bunch of other books on preaching recently, but either way, it's still worth reading for the first few sections, even if the last part is more of a review.

[Joshua · Rating 3 out of 5]

Although I don't believe every Old Testament sermon needs to point to New Testament stuff I do find this book rather insightful. I think that to point to the Jesus of the New Testament can feel like a cop-out when preaching in the Old Testament every time and in some ways the person preaching/teaching actually ends up missing the true context of scripture.
That being said; this book is a good resource that I am most delighted to have on hand.
It can feel a little dry and is a lot of information to take in, (in that way, this book feels like a text book), it has helpful examples, tidbits, and masses of information that I stowed away in my "will definitely use later on" part of the brain.
A helpful and massive resource, indeed.

[Michael Rachel · Rating 3 out of 5]

I'm still not convinced that our homiletic must translate vis a vis from our hermeneutic. Much of Greidanus's book is about biblical interpretation (i.e. hermeneutics) and I can heartily agree with most of what he says. But the issue that I don't see addressed adequately enough is the distinction between hermeneutics and homiletics. To put it simply, homiletics is NOT a preached hermeneutic. A good homiletic will undoubtedly depend on a Christ-centered hermeneutic, but Greidanus (and many others) seem to conflate the two to a degree I find unhelpful. Preaching is not primarily a lesson in biblical interpretation.

[Tyler Brown · Rating 4 out of 5]

A really helpful work: Greidanus argues for a multi-faceted approach to preaching Christ from the OT. After a historical survey, he offers seven ways we can preach the whole Christ from the whole OT. His final chapter are examples. My only critique is his downplaying of the NT as a rule for OT interpretation.

[Stone Pinckney · Rating 5 out of 5]

fantastic and biblically solid

This book showed the history, errors, necessity and practical ways to preach Christ from the OT. Faithful pastors who are expositors of God’s word will benefit greatly from this book.

[Matthew Bonzon · Rating 3 out of 5]

I think this book gives helpful categories to think through, but I think a book like Hamilton’s Typology is better in methodology, which will likely give those preaching more confidence that they are being honest with the text.

[Thomas · Rating 4 out of 5]

A good primer on preaching the whole bible as a narrative with continuous themes and a message that is the same from cover to cover.

[Mike E. · Rating 3 out of 5]

Super helpful and often comes off the shelf when preaching from the OT . .

I return again and again to chapter 6, the Christocentric method . .

[John G · Rating 5 out of 5]

Aim at pastors, but definitely worth the read.

[Keith Pinckney · Rating 3 out of 5]

Solid! Just a 100 pages too long!