EX-BOOKWORM GROUP REVIEW
The difficult thing about a non-fiction book like this is to separate comment on the book from comment on the people and events it contains. As a book, the White Rose is not much more than a collection of documents relevant to the activities and fate of Hans and Sophie Scholl and others in Munich in 1942-1943. It is interesting, because unless Helen recommended this book, I feel sure that I would never have heard anything about the Scholls and how they tried to oppose National Socialism in their own country during the war. The relevant documents are there – an account by a surviving sister, Inge (who seemed curiously uninvolved and not particularly well informed), the White Rose leaflets, the court documents, a statement by a prisoner-wardress in the prison where Sophie Scholl was interrogated, a couple of newspaper articles etc, but largely the book was a record rather than an interpretation. It is stated somewhere that the book was written for use in schools, a text book, so to speak, but I think it could still have done with some interpretation., even speculation if you like. What was it that prompted the Scholls and their associates, in particular, to take this action? How effective was the form of protest? What impact, if any, was there on protest in general against National Socialism? Did it encourage more protest. or did it silence protest because people feared meeting the same fate as they did? Really the book had none of this, leaving us to draw our own conclusions. There is just a hint of interpretation in the concluding remarks of Inge Scholl (and her co-writer) but it is rather oblique. The purpose of the White Rose was said to be increasing public consciousness of the real nature of National Socialism and the encouragement of passive resistance. An appeal to the heart of the German people, if you like. Common humanity. The comment that "practical applications do not exist, we should look back upon it as a singular instance" suggest that the impact was not great. Sadly, I think it possible that by their deaths, the National Socialist state made further resistance less likely. Sadly, I think their response was probably too intellectual to appeal to the general population, and that quotations from Goethe, Lao-Tzu and Ecclesiastes don't have the same power as flying airoplanes into skyscrapers or explosions in public transport networks.
And yet… I think the significance of what they did was not trivial. I have read few accounts of what things were like for Germans during the war. Although there was not huge detail in the book, there was enough to see what sort of regime the people were living under . It seems quite clear that everyone knew what National Socialism really meant, some embraced it to get power, many must have supported it, but many more must have feared and loathed it. The court documents were absolutely chilling in demonstrating their control over the people. There was a part that said "The police could not be everywhere," which made it a citizen's duty to report any "wrongdoing". Everything was control, control, control from the Hitler Youth to the armed forces, but also everything else. This was 1984 forty years before Orwell predicted it. Imagine not being able to express your opinions about the government. Baz's record count in the other place would drop by half. A statement that has reverberated in my head to demonstrate what a vile regime this was concerned the lecturer (Huber?) who was condemned for abusing his responsibility as an educator which was to guide young people to an "absolute trust in the Fuhrer". It seems impossible that people would accept such a regime, yet they did. What would I have done? What would you have done? The significance of the White Rose was, I think, to demonstrate decency, the fact that there are always some people who are prepared to stand against such regimes and though they do not have an immediate effect – there were no major rebellions or uprisings at the time of their deaths – perhaps they do make a difference. The closing sentence of the concluding remarks is: "It is rare that a man is prepared to pay with his life for such a minimal achievement as causing cracks in the edifice of the existing order." Yet I am reminded of the film The Dambusters, when you see a small crack in one of the dams when it is hit by the bouncing bomb but the pressure of the water causes a bigger breach and eventually a torrent rushes through.
I think these were fine young people. They were obviously sustained by their religion, and their protest seemed to be founded on humanity rather than political ends of any particular kind. They were not communists or anarchists. In fact, they were rather bourgeois and traditionalist, being particularly upset about the loss of the aristocratic youth of Poland. I wonder how much they are remembered now in Germany? I suspect not much. But I admire them, particularly when I look at the pictures and see how young they were. The pictures of Sophie Scholl are particularly moving because she still looks like a child.
Interesting read, Hel, thanks.