In "The Red Badge of Courage," you watch a young, inexperienced kid growing up in the middle of the Civil War. He grows from having immature, Romantic visions of war -- "Come home carrying your shield, or on it" -- through terror at being killed to the realization that death is part of life.
At the time, I am sure this book was remarkable. This is no macho John Wayne-style adventure story where generals representing eternal ideals fight in Olympian struggle of strategy. Instead, its told from eye level. A grunt facing death, horror and fear that his own cowardice, which he overcomes, will be found out.
Very a astute psychological portrait, but very easy to read and follow. I can see why this is considered a classic. Not as jaw-dropping as some I've read, but a great, quick read.