I first stumbled across this as a poetry-phobic teenager and was knocked out by it. I had no idea people wrote poems about chip shops, comic book heroes, motorways, petrol-pump attendants, bus conductors, casual sex, supermarkets and nuclear Armageddon. If this was poetry where had my teachers been hiding the stuff all these years?
The Liverpool poets - Adrian Henri, Roger McGough and Brian Patten - occupied the space between the library and the street. They introduced new vocabulary and subject matter to poetry and collapsed the false distinction between the serious and the entertaining. They wrote poems of everyday life transfigured by the surreal and rendered magical and hallucinatory. The Mersey Sound was first published in 1967 and is infused with the optimistic spirit of the ‘60s counterbalanced by a characteristically sardonic Scouse humour. It immediately sold in large quantities, the initial print run of 20,000 selling out within three months, and is now one of the bestselling poetry anthologies of all-time. It brought new audiences to poetry and led to a revival in public readings which continues to this day.
Although they shared common ground each of the poets had his own distinctive voice within it. Adrian Henri was also a painter and his poetry has a strong visual aspect and sense of place. Liverpool is a frequent setting, albeit a Liverpool reimagined in his own image and populated by his heroes: Père Ubu walks down Lime Street and Proust dips madeleine butties in his tea in the Kardomah cafe. His endlessly allusive poems wander freely over the cultural landscape, oblivious to distinctions between elite and popular art, and expressing a sensibility that is not so much populist as culturally omnivorous: John Milton, French symbolists, Charles Mingus, the TV Times, Handel, Wilson Pickett, cut-ups and collage, pop art and imagism, T. S. Eliot and talking blues - they’re all grist to Henri’s poetic mill. There is a generous and expansive spirit to his poetry, along with an unguarded intimacy. Chunks of autobiography nestle among the cultural references and experience and art become reflections of each other. His work exemplifies the joyously boundary-breaking cultural moment these poets came out of. At his best, he is my favourite of the three.
The brilliant Stevie Smith admired Brian Patten’s work, and gave readings with him, but described Roger McGough as a mere ‘rhymester’. A curious mistake given that her own wonderful poems were often dismissed in much the same terms. McGough’s poetry is undeniably eager to please, full of wit and wordplay, and he is the embodiment of poet as entertainer, but the glittering surface conceals a sober core. His subject matter is almost unremittingly bleak: terminal illness, war, senility, loneliness, sudden death, and the end of the world. He has a rare ability to write poems on political and social themes without sounding remotely preachy. In many ways McGough has always been a tragedian masquerading as court jester.
Brian Patten was the youngest of the three. Rather astonishingly, he was just twenty-one when this was published, which might account for a certain unevenness. His best poems, however, are outstanding and quite unlike anything by the other two: lyrical, elegiac and mysterious creations whose possible meanings reverberate in the mind.
Adrian Henri sadly died in 2000 and Brian Patten seems to have gone quiet in recent years. Roger McGough is still very much in evidence, though, and has recently published his collected poems. Many people, like myself, discover this book in adolescence, and I have a suspicion there are those who think the Liverpool poets are something you should eventually leave behind, along with other teenage obsessions, as you move onto the ‘proper’ grown-up stuff. I must admit I never have left them behind. Dipping into this anthology recently I found many of the poems as playfully inventive, funny, original and moving as I ever did. This is poetry which touched the people other poets couldn’t reach.