John Bordley Rawls was an American philosopher and a leading figure in moral and political philosophy. He held the James Bryant Conant University Professorship at Harvard. His magnum opus A Theory of Justice (1971) is now regarded as "one of the primary texts in political philosophy." His work in political philosophy, dubbed Rawlsianism, takes as its starting point the argument that "most reasonable principles of justice are those everyone would accept and agree to from a fair position." Rawls employs a number of thought experiments—including the famous veil of ignorance—to determine what constitutes a fair agreement in which "everyone is impartially situated as equals," in order to determine principles of social justice.
Rawls received both the Schock Prize for Logic and Philosophy and the National Humanities Medal in 1999, the latter presented by President Bill Clinton, in recognition of how Rawls's thought "helped a whole generation of learned Americans revive their faith in democracy itself."
Whew, this was challenging to comprehend, and much of it was abstract & ambiguous, but the collection as a whole carries the impression of having peered at Justice, Fairness, and Reason, through an electron microscope. Rawls' intellect is very impressive (and outright superior, to mine, at least). He's a man comfortable debating about or referencing from philosophers with aplomb.
This is chock-full of terminology one has to imbibe. It gets real technical, in a sense, and both the densely but perfectly crafted sentences and the sheer complexity of the subject of justice can prove overwhelming. But it's divided into papers/essays, so one can take the strategy of reading one a day (or reading session). This collections is wonderful to own for reference. And Rawls thoughts & stances can be traced over the years. The last chapter (the interview) was rewarding, for it got specific & plain of words, with Rawls basically saying, Hey guys, do you have a better theory of how we can all get along?
It's very challenging, deeply analytical, and not really accessible to lay readers. But law students, political scientists, philosophers, law enforcement agencies, international aid agencies, international councils, armies, diplomats, etc. can all find this book to be absolutely indispensable. It seems to cover everything in wording that is meant to stand the test of time and of traditional criticisms. Hard to comprehend but rewarding and enlightening.