Jump to ratings and reviews
Rate this book

Philosophers in 90 Minutes #6

Descartes in 90 Minutes

Rate this book
“Each of these little books is witty and dramatic and creates a sense of time, place, and character....I cannot think of a better way to introduce oneself and one's friends to Western civilization.”―Katherine A. Powers, Boston Globe . “Well-written, clear and informed, they have a breezy wit about them....I find them hard to stop reading.”―Richard Bernstein, New York Times . “Witty, illuminating, and blessedly concise.”―Jim Holt, Wall Street Journal . These brief and enlightening explorations of our greatest thinkers bring their ideas to life in entertaining and accessible fashion. Philosophical thought is deciphered and made comprehensive and interesting to almost everyone. Far from being a novelty, each book is a highly refined appraisal of the philosopher and his work, authoritative and clearly presented.

91 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1996

19 people are currently reading
415 people want to read

About the author

Paul Strathern

161 books542 followers
Paul Strathern (born 1940) is a English writer and academic. He was born in London, and studied at Trinity College, Dublin, after which he served in the Merchant Navy over a period of two years. He then lived on a Greek island. In 1966 he travelled overland to India and the Himalayas. His novel A Season in Abyssinia won a Somerset Maugham Award in 1972.

Besides five novels, he has also written numerous books on science, philosophy, history, literature, medicine and economics.

Ratings & Reviews

What do you think?
Rate this book

Friends & Following

Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book!

Community Reviews

5 stars
136 (13%)
4 stars
353 (34%)
3 stars
422 (41%)
2 stars
94 (9%)
1 star
11 (1%)
Displaying 1 - 30 of 119 reviews
Profile Image for Maziyar Yf.
815 reviews631 followers
February 9, 2023
پل استراترن نویسنده مجموعه کتاب های فلسفه در نود دقیقه ، پس از بررسی بسیار مختصر فلسفه یونان و سپس فلسفه پس از مسیح و قرون وسطی به قرن شانزده و رنه دکارت مشهور رسیده . در حقیقت نقش دکارت در تاریخ فلسفه بی مانند بوده ، فلسفه یونان با سقراط ، افلاطون و البته ارسطو به دوران طلایی خود رسیده بود . پس از آن تا دو هزار سال هیچ اندیشه جدیدی تولید نشد . فلاسفه ای مانند فلوتین یا آگوستین و توماس آکوئیناس گرچه سبب پیشرفت جریان فلسفه شدند اما خود اندیشه تازه و اصیلی به وجود نیاوردند ، نقش آنها را امروزه تنها می توان حاشیه نویسی بر فلسفه افلاطون و ارسطو دانست .

می اندیشم ، پس هستم

نویسنده اساس فلسفه دکارت را با معروف ترین اصطلاح تاریخ فلسفه یعنی می اندیشم ، پس هستم شرح داده . مقدمه ای که استراترن در کتاب خود بیان نکرده شک دکارتی یا شک به همه چیز از جمله به وجود خود بوده . از نگاه دکارت همه چیز حتی اصل وجود انسان می تواند رویا باشد ، تنها یک حقیقت وجود دارد که غیر قابل انکار است : من فکر می کنم ، به این ترتیب دکارت با فکر کردن وجود انسان را به اثبات می رساند .
دکارت به تمام حقایقی که پیشتر در صحت آنان شک کرده بود بر می گردد و این بار آنان را بر اساس تنها اصل مسلم و حقیقی بنا می کند . دکارت به مکنب فلاسفه خرد گرا و از بنیان گذاران فلسفه جدید تعلق دارد . او به عقل به عنوان تنها منبع معتبر شناخت ایمان داشت و می کوشید از راه استدلال و برهان عقلی حقایق را اثبات کند . نویسنده روش دکارت را رعایت دو قاعده در عملیات ذهنی یعنی شهود و استنتاج دانسته . شهود از نگاه دکارت برداشت دور از تردید یک ذهن روشن و هوشیار در پرتو عقل تعریف شده و استنتاج هم نتیجه گیری ضروری از حقایق کاملا درست بوده است .
اهمیت دکارت در تاریخ فلسفه بی مانند و جایگاه او بی بدیل بوده ، او را باید هم هم پایان دهنده یک دوران طولانی در فلسفه و هم شروع کننده عصری جدید در فلسفه دانست . آشکار است که کتاب 58 صفحه ای استراترن که حتی نسبت به میانگین کتاب های دیگر او هم کوتاه تر است به هیچ عنوان نتوانسته رئوس اندیشه های دکارت را حتی نام ببرد اما کتاب او را می توان به مانند مقدمه ای بسیار کوتاه در شرح اندیشه های دکارت دانست . بنابراین استراترن در علاقه مند کردن خواننده به فلسفه دکارت و تشویق او به خواندن کتاب های دیگر در مورد او موفق بوده است .
Profile Image for فؤاد.
1,128 reviews2,364 followers
October 20, 2016
چقدر زندگی خوبی داشته دکارت! با یه درآمد ثابت که از ارث مادرش بهش رسیده بود، دور از خانواده ش تنها زندگی می کرد. به عنوان سرباز بدون مزد در ارتشی بیگانه استخدام شد، ولی حتی یک روز هم پاش به جبهه ی جنگ باز نشد. به جاش، هر شب تا دیروقت بیدار می موند و کتاب می خوند و فکر می کرد، و صبح ها تا دم ظهر می خوابید. هر وقت می خواست غذا می خورد، هر وقت می خواست بیرون می رفت، هر وقت می خواست کتاب می نوشت، و از اون جایی که یه بی قراری عجیبی توی وجودش بود و نمی تونست یه جا بند بشه، هر وقت می خواست بار و بندیلش رو می بست و می رفت یه کشور دیگه و توی یه ارتش دیگه ثبت نام می کرد. و مثل گنجشک، بدون خانمان روزگار می گذروند.
هر چند این زندگی بی قید آخرش کار دستش داد. وقتی ملکه مجبورش کرد هر روز صبح ساعت چهار بیدار بشه و توی سرمای سوزناک سوئد به قصر بره و به علیاحضرت فلسفه تدریس کنه! هر چند بعد از چند جلسه، ملکه به این نتیجه رسید که کارهای مهم تری نسبت به فلسفه داره. اما همین چند جلسه کافی بود که دکارت دچار ذات الریه بشه و بعد از مدت بسیار کوتاهی در پنجاه و سه سالگی بميره.
Profile Image for Motahareh.
19 reviews8 followers
October 1, 2017
دکارت حقیقتا مغز من رو به فنا خواهد داد :|
آخه چرا هرچی کتاب های مختلف فلسفی درمورد دکارت میخونم نمیفهمم چی میگه؟
این مجموعه هم فکر کنم بیشتر تمرکز داشته روی زندگی و شخصیت فلاسفه که با وجود جذابیت و شیرینیش کار من رو راه ننداخت !
تصمیم دارم مراجعه کنم به کتاب خود دکارت ینی گفتار در روش که شاید بفهمم فلسفه اش رو...
Profile Image for Theo Logos.
1,274 reviews287 followers
December 26, 2024
”By the end of the 16th century, philosophy had stopped. It was Descartes who started it up again.”

“Cogito ergo sum,” (I think, therefore I am) is the most famous, the most quoted line of philosophy in history. I’m certain that I had heard it by middle school, making Descartes the first philosopher to crack my awareness.

Strathern emphasizes in this introduction just how thoroughly Descartes revolutionized philosophy. Of philosophy practiced before Descartes Strathern writes:

”Scholasticism was the philosophy of the Church and prided itself on its lack of originality. New philosophical ideas resulted only in heresy.”

But the primacy of that long stasis had been shattered by both Renaissance and Reformation, and Descartes became the thinker to first apply new ideas to philosophy. He started by introducing a new method in his treatise Rules for the Direction of the Mind:

”In order to discover the universal science, he argued, we first had to adopt a method of thinking properly. This method consisted of following two rules of mental operation; intuition and deduction. Intuition Descarte defined as the conception without doubt of an unclouded, and attentive mind which is formed by the light of reason alone. Deduction was defined as necessary inference from other facts which are know for certain. And Descartes celebrated method, which came to be known as the Cartesian Method lay in the correct application of these two rules of thought.”

Though Descartes set about writing A Treatise on the Universe, he circumspectly put it aside after observing what the Inquisition had done to Galileo who had covered much of the same material with many of the same conclusions. He would eventually include some of the less controversial parts of this treatise in later work. He was a careful man with no drive to be a martyr.

His most original work, Discourse on Method, cover a lot of ground. It changed the face of mathematics, made revolutionary advances in science, laid the foundations of modern, analytic geometry, and introduce Cartesian Coordinates. In optics, it proposed the Law of Refraction, and suggested an explanation of rainbow. But most important of all was its brief introduction, which would change the course of philosophy. Strathern writes of it:

”In clear, autobiographical prose he describes how he goes about his thinking, and the thoughts that occur to him in the process. When you read Descarte, you experience what it is like to be a great mind thinking original philosophy.”

Strathern, the irreverent, cynical philosopher seems almost romantically smitten by Descartes and his times. Of them he writes:

”Descartes was alive during a brief and possibly unique era of human thought. The new explanations put forward by the finest scientific and philosophical minds of his time were in many cases both plausible and comprehensible. They also tended to be rational, and in their overall conception simple, with the aim of leaving space for the contemplation of ultimate mysteries. Humanity is unlikely to experience such an era again.”

Indeed, Strathern almost entirely abandons the snarky wit that has made this series pop. He does manage a couple small hits, as in the way he introduces the fact that Descartes financed his philosophical work entirely through his significant personal fortune:

”Descartes never did a stroke of useful work in his life.”

And again he takes a little shot when discussing how Descartes published Discourse on Method:

”Having had the courage to doubt the entire universe, Descartes typically chose to publish his work anonymously.”

But apart from these minor snarks, Strathern seemed too impressed with Descartes to attempt his usual, witty demystifications. Fortunately, the philosopher and his work were interesting enough to get on without it.

Profile Image for Latasha.
1,358 reviews434 followers
June 15, 2019
i love the bio part but at the end, all that sailed over my head and i spaced out. but over all this was an interesting 90 minutes. OMG! Paul Strathern did so good reading this. i want to hear more from him!
Profile Image for aurora.
87 reviews33 followers
Read
November 13, 2018

نوشتهٔ زیر حاوی مواردی از کتاب هست که برام جالب بود (تاثیر فلاسفه بر هم، ریشه‌های فکری ، روح زمانه و شرایط اقتصادی و ..) و برای تمرکز بیشتر موقع خوندن کتاب نوشته شده و ممکنه کتاب رو اسپویل کنه.
#تغییر ماهیت فلسفه افلاطون و ارسطو مبنای شکل‌گیری فلسفه مَدرَسی (اسکولاستیک) قرار گرفت که همان فلسفهٔ کلیسا بود که به عدم خلاقیت و نوآوری خود می‌بالید. و در قرن ۱۵ در سراسر اروپای قرون وسطی حاکمیت مطلق بی‌چون‌وچرا از آن کلیسا بود.
#شروع رنسانس نگرش انسان‌گرایانه ای به همراه آورد که پیامد آن «جنبش دین ‌پیرایی» بود که به استیلای کلیسا پایان داد.
#دوستی دکارت و بیکمان، در هلند، با اعلامیهٔ مسئله‌ای حل نشده بود که دکارت حل کرد و نزد بیکمان برد که او علاقه دکارت به ریاضیات و فلسفه را مجددا برانگیخت.
#این احتمال وجود دارد که بی‌ثباتی سیاسی آن دوران و عدم اطمینان های روانی خود دکارت، به نوعی به نیاز درونی عمیق وی به حصول قطعیت و یقین که وجه بارز نظام فلسفی اوست کمک کرده ‌باشد.
#دکارت نظامی را در ذهن خود پرورش می‌داد که نه تنها کل معرفت بشری را در بر گیرد، بلکه آن‌ را وحدت ببخشد. این نظام عاری از هرگونه پیش‌داوری و فرض اولیه بود و فقط بر پایهٔ یقین بنا می‌شد. دکارت در ایجاد این نظام کار خود را از اصول بنیادینی شروع کرد که بداهت آن ها محرز بود و نیاز به اثبات نداشت، و بر پایه این اصول، نظام ساخته می‌شد.
#به منظور کشف دانشی جهان شمول، ابتدا می‌بایست روشی برای درست فکر کردن پیدا می‌شد. این روش در حقیقت عبارت بود از رعایت دو قاعده در عملیات ذهنی: شهود و استنتاج. که شهود برداشت دور از تردید یک ذهن روشن و هوشیار که تنها در پرتو عقل میسر می‌شود و استنتاج نتیجه‌گیری ضروری از حقایقی که صحت آن‌ها مورد یقین است. روش معروف دکارت_ که بعدها به روش دکارتی معروف شد_ در به کارگیری درست این دو قاعده تفکر خلاصه می‌شود.
#دکارت جهان را متشکل از دو نوع جوهر می‌دانست، ذهن و ماده. ذهن جوهر فاقد امتداد[بعد] و تقسیم ناپذیر است. در مقابل، ماده دارای امتداد و تقسیم پذیر است و از قوانین فیزیک تبعیت می‌کند. به عبارت دیگر ذهن غیرمادی ما در یک جسم مکانیکی قرار گرفته است.
#رساله گفتار در روش، شامل مطالبی بود از «رساله درباره عالم» که در این اثر دکارت مبانی هندسه تحلیلی نو را مطرح ساخت و محور مختصات و قوانین شکست نور را مطرح کرد. در قسمت مقدمه دکارت در حرکت بنیادی از سنت ها فاصله میگیرد. اون بینش های عمیق و خلاق فلسفه را در‌ نثری شفاف که به نگارش زندگینامه شباهت دارد توضیح می‌دهد که چگونه به تفکر می‌پردازد و در این فرایند چه افکار گوناگونی در ذهن وی پدید می‌آیند و تنها یک حقیقت را غیرقابل انکار میداند:«من فکر میکنم» و نتیجه میگیرد من فکر میکنم پس هستم و سپس براساس این گزاره یقینی و مسلم تمام حقایقی که در وجوشان شک کرده بود را بر اساس این گزاره مجددا بنا می‌کند.
#در رساله «تأملات» دکارت برنامه جامع‌تری را برای شک ارائه می‌کند و دوباره به همان اصل غیرقابل انکار قبلی می‌رسد و سپس جهان را از نو بنا می‌کند و حتی وجود خدا را به اثبات می‌رساند و بدنبال چاپ یسوعی‌ها تشخیص دادند که شک دکارتی به منزله پایان فلسفه مدرسی و تعالیم آکویناس است و او به انکار خدا متهم شد و نهایتا قضیه فیصله پیدا کرد.
#دکارت برای توضیح روابط عالم نظریه گردباد‌هارا ارائه کرده بود که به موجب این نظریه، حرکت یک ذره بر حرکت تمامی ذرات عالم تاثیر میگذارد که این تاثیر گذاری از طریق مجموعه‌ای از گردبار‌های متداهل صورت می‌گیرد.
#عصر جدید فلسفه یا دکارت آغاز می‌شود. از این زمان به بعد، اصالت فرد و تحلیل آگاهی انسان ب مسائل بنیادین فلسفه مبدل شد. و سپس با ظهور فلسفه تحلیلی بود ک اصالت فرد و تحلیل اگاهی انساان جای خود را به اصالت واژگان و تحلیل محتوای آن داد.
+اطلاعات جامع‌تری رو راجع به دکارت و نظام فلسفی‌ش رو در دانشنامه استنفورد پیدا کنید.
++فیلسوف خانه‌به‌دوشِ مسافر:›
Profile Image for Adib Barari.
65 reviews10 followers
January 28, 2025
اگر پروفایل شما هم در تلاطمات کار و درس و مشغله غبار گرفته، سلام!…
Profile Image for Jimena.
454 reviews199 followers
March 2, 2023
Efectiva como herramienta introductoria a Descartes pero más rica en elementos biográficos que en reflejar los pensamientos del magnífico filósofo. Si bien una comprensión de sus circunstancias y los acontecimientos generales de su vida sirven para dejar constancia de un carácter atípico que mejora la asimilación de la filosofía que desarrolló, es insatisfactorio casi no ver reflejo alguno de esa filosofía en estas páginas aunque sea muy vagamente.

Sí funciona como disparador para querer leer el discurso del método y sus meditaciones. De eso no hay duda.
Profile Image for Ryan.
1,395 reviews200 followers
December 5, 2024
Brief summary of the life of Descartes and his historical context. Primarily important as the transition from Church-dominated continued extension of Aristotle and a few others to something more modern (along with others). Interesting just how open/forward thinking Holland was at the time; amazing how far they've fallen from that. Also didn't realize how much of a basic wastrel Descartes was most of the time, and yet how much of an impact he had on the world in spite of (because of) that?
Profile Image for Samuel G. Parkison.
Author 8 books186 followers
June 4, 2019
In terms of sheer overall information, this is very helpful. I also really appreciate the little excerpts of Descartes at the end. But Strathern’s editorialism was difficult to endure. For one thing, his introduction to Descartes is unduly reductionistic. I can’t abide the narrative: “poor Christianity was entirely in bondage to Aristotle, and as his lackey, the church had all but killed philosophy. But then in rode Descartes, and, with his brave extreme doubt, he resurrected philosophy and gave it a better and brighter future.” It’s also curious that Strathern, for all his admiration for Descartes, doesn’t seem to take him at his word when it comes to his ontological argument for the existence of God. “Oh, he didn’t mean that, that was just a pitiful attempt to get the approval of the movers and shakers of the church. After all, it sounds like Anselm and Aquinas, and Descartes couldn’t *possibly* think that *Anselm* and *Aquinas* could offer anything of use!” Yeah, ok. 👌🏻
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Profile Image for Latif Joneydi.
85 reviews3 followers
May 3, 2025
استاندارد و قابل قبول.
کتاب با مقدمه ای کلّی پیرامونِ تاریخِ فلسفه پیشادکارت آغاز میشه که از سقراط و افلاطون شروع میکنه و اشاره هایی داره به حرکت هایِ آگوستین و آکوئیناس که استراترن معتقده این جنبش ها در برابر جمود و خشک مغزیِ اون اعصار چندان کاری از پیش نبردن یا بهتره بگم خودشون بخشی از فروبستگیِ فکری اون دوران بودن، مثل صفحه نُه که:"در پایان قرن شانزدهم میلادی فلسفه از حرکت بازمانده بود و این دکارت بود که دوباره آن را به حرکت واداشت."
کتاب زندگیِ دکارت رو از کودکی تا مرگ با جزئیاتِ کمابیش جذاب و آگاهنده ای روایت میکنه و اشاره اش به اندیشه های دکارت به نظر زیادی گُزیده و کلّی بود. میشد به جایِ تأکیدِ کلیشه ای ضدیت کلیسا بر بداعت و نوآوریِ اندیشگیِ دکارت ژرکاوی انجام بده.
این تکه هاشم برام جالب بود که تو مدرسه اش اتاقِ جدا داشته و کلا عادت داشته تا حوالیِ ظهر بخوابه و بعد بره سرِ کار و مُداقه های فلسفی اش. داستانِ غم انگیزِ دخترش فرانسین هم قصه کوتاه و پُر آبِ چشمی بود‌.
در کل ساعتی با دکارت به روایت‌ استراترن خوش گذروندم، چسبید.
Profile Image for Aravena.
675 reviews36 followers
May 21, 2017
Sesuai 'janji' judulnya, saya berhasil menyelesaikan buku ini dalam 90 menit.... ditambah injury time sepanjang kira-kira 50 menit, bwahahaha. Pada dasarnya ini ringkasan riwayat hidup si Rene Descartes, tapi disajikan dengan gaya narasi sinis yang lumayan menghibur dan informatif. Bagi yang sebelumnya hanya tahu Descartes dari ucapan "cogito ergo sum"-nya yang termasyhur itu, mungkin akan tertarik membaca lebih lanjut mengenai si filsuf tukang bangun siang yang berhasil menjembatani kesenjangan filsafat setelah eranya Plato dan Aristoteles ini.

Mudah-mudahan bisa ketemu seri main bola bareng filsuf '90 Menit' yang lain |ʘ‿ʘ)ノ
Profile Image for Susan.
271 reviews75 followers
December 11, 2019
همانطور که از اسم و مقدمه‌اش برمی‌آید، یک آشنایی ساده و سطحی است. سرسوزنی از فلسفه ی دکارت هم می‌گوید اما در اصل یک زندگینامه ی مختصر با شوخ طبعی کافی است که جذاب است.
حقیقتا بعد از طنز لوس و پرمدعا و بی‌مزه‌ی جز از کل مرهم قوی‌ای بود.
خوبی این مجموعه این است که می‌شود باهاش انتخاب کرد بیشتر درباره‌ی این آدم و فلسفه‌اش بخوانی یا نه. چراغ قوه ای است که نورش از در غار تو می‌آید و گوشه‌ای را روشن می‌کند.
شب بود و می‌خواستم بخوابم ولی هنوز خیلی زود بود. جهت گذران وقت خواندم و راضی‌ام!بسیار مشتاقم از این مجموعه ویتگنشتاین و هیوم را بخوانم. و خارج از این مجموعه هم بیشتر، انشاءالله.
Profile Image for Ziggy.
10 reviews2 followers
March 31, 2025
Was not expecting much of this book, just picked it up for a quick read, but I ended up really enjoying it. The author was in detail and pretty humorous. Descartes’ life was super interesting and I enjoyed learning about it, but I didn’t learn too much more about his philosophy.
Profile Image for counter-hegemonicon.
302 reviews36 followers
March 28, 2024
Genius vagabond mathematician with some surprisingly gaping holes in his philosophy
Profile Image for Guilherme Passos.
Author 2 books32 followers
November 12, 2016
Mais uma leitura rápida pra você ler numa tarde e aprender algo novo. Eu acho esse tipo de livro incrível pois te dá algo muito valioso em troca de poucos minutos do seu tempo, por isso acho que o valor de um livro não deve ser contabilizado em páginas, pois se fosse assim, ao ler It: A Coisa eu deveria contabilizar uns três livros. Agora esse aqui, que é curtíssimo, me introduziu ao pensamento de uma das figuras mais importantes da história do pensamento.

Um dos melhores livros da coleção, sem dúvida. O estilo é o mesmo, um apanhado geral da vida e obra do pensador, tentando ser o mais sucinto possível e dizendo apenas pontos chaves e não mais do que isso. Strathern dá grande importância à figura de Descartes, o que é totalmente compreensível, pois como ele mesmo cita no livro, foi o filósofo responsável por reviver à Filosofia que estava dormente desde Aristóteles graças à Escolástica. A vida de Descartes fala muito de seu pensamento e o autor sabe retratar muito bem isso.

Leiam!
Profile Image for Alana.
136 reviews4 followers
February 6, 2022
This is an excellent introduction to Descartes. While I think the personally history is just the right amount of content, I would have liked a bit more depth and detail about his thoughts/philosophy. I think the outline of Descartes's journey through life at the end of the book is a bit unnecessary to read, but it's definitely a good reference. In comparison, the collection of quotes by Descartes summarizing some of his most revolutionary ideas is a great reference if one wants to choose one of his works and ideas to dive deeper into.
Profile Image for Beth E.
443 reviews10 followers
November 30, 2012
Wonderful discussion on this French thinker who developed the Cartesian Method of logical thinking among many other aspects of the developing science of optics, astronomy and mathematics. He walked the careful line of new thought versus the established thought backed by the Church; always careful of publishing treatis that could be accused of heresy. Probably his most famous tenet... "I think, therefore I am".

Profile Image for Jimmy Cline.
150 reviews232 followers
February 6, 2009
Informative, but gimmicky, Strathern offers brief summaries of major philosophers. An equal amount of biographical background, and explanation of the particular philosophers' system of thought. Hardly, enough information. Especially, for someone like Kant or Hegel, but then again it's literally easy to finish one of any title in this series in about under an hour.
Profile Image for Ivy-Mabel Fling.
634 reviews46 followers
August 24, 2018
People who take the trouble to try to understand Descartes do not need (in my view at least) to be jollied along with slangy expressions and supposedly comical remarks but this little book does give you quite a lot of background to the philosopher's life, which is useful. It does not try to explain his philosophy to any extent and that is a drawback!
Profile Image for Dave.
686 reviews
April 5, 2009
I picked this short book up to supplement my reading of Shorto's book, Descartes' Bones. A quick read that affords an overview of Descartes' life and time.
Profile Image for Bells .
202 reviews9 followers
June 27, 2022
Really not a fan of these philosophy in an hour books
Title suggests beginner , but really you need to know a lot before you’ll be able to fully enjoy this
Profile Image for Realini Ionescu.
4,068 reviews19 followers
August 1, 2025
Descartes in 90 Minutes by Paul Strathern
The books by Paul Strathern that explain luminaries in 90 minutes are: Well structured, Offer details about their life, they have a summary of major ideas and some relevant quotes, with a chronology of important dates for philosophy

Cogito ergo sum

Paul Strathern is a great author.
Some would criticize the idea of taking on great masters in ninety minutes and settle for notes without reading the original.
If you can handle the Discours de la méthode (sous-titré Pour bien conduire sa raison, et chercher la vérité dans les sciences) that is all for the best.

Nevertheless, even with the capacity to understand and complete the works of great thinkers, Paul Strathern would still be of help.
The books that explain luminaries in 90 minutes are:

- Well structured
- Offer details about their life
- A summary of major ideas
- Some relevant quotes
- A chronology of important dates for philosophy
- What is there to dislike or grumble about?

The book starts with an homage to Descartes who has not just revolutionized philosophy but “woke it up”.
We know the golden age of philosophy, estimated to have taken place between the sixth and the fourth centuries B.C.
Alas, during the Dark Ages nothing important or new was allowed to come to the fore in human thinking, outside of scholastics

Some have accused Descartes of cowardice, because he was very careful, considering what had happened to Giordano Bruno and many others who dared upset the church.
Perhaps fortunately for Rene Descartes he spends much of his adult life in the Netherlands, which was much more tolerant, to the benefit of other great thinkers- Baruch Spinoza among them.
The work of Rene Descartes is not important just for philosophy, but for mathematics and other disciplines as well.
In a History of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell that I am currently reading, one chapter every day, there is a note that talks about the two main currents of thinking that can be traced down to Rene Descartes and John Locke.

- From Rene Descartes via Immanuel Kant we can reach…Marx
- The empirical school would start with John Locke continue with George Berkeley and have the apotheosis with David Hume

On a side note, Bertrand Russell would have a simple, if sketchy map with liberalism after Kant, that would betray his ideas- that is to say that those who claimed to be liberals would not be recognized by Kant as such.

- Soft hearted liberals would be Byron- Nietzsche and they would somehow produce Hitler
- Hard headed liberals include Marx and the result is…Stalin

There are some anecdotes and stories from the life of Descartes that I particularly enjoyed, from the earlier years to the end:

- For a strange reason, he has joined the army, about which, on departing he said that there are too many loafing about
- Paul Strathern points out that Descartes was waking up at noon- so are we to speculate that there were others who woke even later than that?
- When he saw a mathematical problem posted in a public place, but with Dutch explanations, the thinker and mathematician asked for a translation and he solved by the afternoon
- It is thought that he might have met Rembrandt as he was painting dead animals and an exchange took place with reference to souls

Rene Descartes has made some mistakes, like the wrong theory for the workings of the solar system, which he explained with vortices and Isaac Newton would refute with his discovery of gravitation as the force that is at the center of our system.
Rene Descartes was also stubborn and wrong in denying any role for empiricism, which could be taken to extremes, but to reject it altogether is an error
Apart from the universally known Je pense donc je suis- which by the way, if you google you even have as the second entry, at least where I am, a suggestion for a tattoo parlor that has this among its offers and logos-here is a quote that I loved:

- Common sense is the most fairly distributed thing in the world, for each one thinks he is so well-endowed with it that even those who are hardest to satisfy in all other matters are not in the habit of desiring more of it than they already have.


You can access some other notes of mine here:

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...

Profile Image for #DÏ4B7Ø Chinnamasta-Bhairav.
781 reviews2 followers
Read
May 6, 2025
~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~
~}-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-{~
~}--- :}|{:-:}|{:- * FOLLOW 4 FOLLOW * -:}|{:-:}|{: ---{~
~}-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-{~
~}--------:}|{:-:}|{:- * LINKS * -:}|{:-:}|{:----------{~
~}-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-{~
~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~
***********************************************

~} * -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- * - * -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- * {~
* -} {- *

~} * -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- * - * -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- * {~

* -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- *

* -:}|{}|{:- ^ AUDIOBOOK ^ -:}|{}|{:- *

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

~}-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-{~

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

* -:}|{}|{:- * SUMMARY * -:}|{}|{:- *

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

* -:}|{:- * RATING * -:}|{:- * /10 * -:}|{:- *

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

* -:}|{}|{: =EXPERIENCES=&=DISCERNMENTS= :}|{}|{:- *

* -:}|{}|{: = = }|{}|{:- *

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

* -} https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VWrl... {- *

* -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- *

* -} Gestalt Psychology Simplified with Examples and Principles {- *

* -:}|{}|{: = MY SYNTHESISED ( ^ GESTALT ^ ) OF THE * -:}|{}|{:=:}|{}|{:- * ( WAY THE AUTHOR FRAMES = HIS WRITING PERSPECTIVES ) & ( POINTERS & IMPLICATIONS = the conclusion that can be drawn IMPLICITYLY from something although it is not EXPLICITLY stated ) = :}|{}|{:- *

* -:}|{}|{: = ? = }|{}|{:- *

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

~}-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-{~

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

To SEE a WORLD in a Grain of Sand,
And a HEAVEN in a Wild Flower,
Hold INFINITY in the palm of your hand
And ETERNITY in an Hour"
~ William Blake ~

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

“Wisdom tells me I am nothing. Love tells me I am everything. And between the two my life flows.” Nisargadatta Maharaj

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

Form is Emptiness; Emptiness is form.
Form is not different than Emptiness;
Emptiness is not different than form
~ Heart Sutra ~

Like the ocean and its waves,
inseparable yet distinct

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

" I and The Father are one,
I am The Truth,
The Life and The Path.”

Like a river flowing from its source,
connected and continuous

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

Thy kingdom come.
Let the reign of divine
Truth, Life, and Love
be established in me,
and rule out of me all sin;
and may Thy Word
enrich the affections of all mankind

A mighty oak tree standing firm against the storm,
As sunlight scatters the shadows of night
A river nourishing the land it flows through

~}- - - - - - - - - - - - - -:}|{:- - - - - - - - - - - - - -{~

~}-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-:}|{:-{~
Profile Image for Xavier.
548 reviews7 followers
January 17, 2021
Descartes structures his philosophy and hunger for knowledge the way one builds a house. The strong and unquestionable foundation coming first and the rest to be held on it. I'm not sure I agree about the mind being indivisible. I believe the mind resides in a sufficiently complex brain. Other animals probably have a concept of the self and are not just reactionary biological machines. For example, a kicked dog might snap back but forgives its master and becomes docile or even lovable shortly after. A conscious decision has been made in the name of companionship. The dog hasn't forgotten the kick. Memory on a time-line is identity and the self. The mind can be diminished, broken. Parts can be removed. A piece of the self can die. The mind is not indivisible.

The idea that the mind and the body inhabit separate universes and never interact but that God creates the reaction is laughably silly. I don't think Descartes believes this since he is an atheistic and concrete rationalist, even though he wouldn't self prescribe as one. Still, what narcissism these people had to believe an all powerful being would orchestrate and maintain the wishes of their mind on their bodies and the world.

The idea of an all powerful malicious individual seems more realistic than a benevolent one.
Profile Image for derin.
3 reviews
February 3, 2022
Descartes’in felsefesi hakkında çok detaylı bir okuma veya araştırma henüz yapmamıştım ve bir yerden başlamak istiyordum. Bu kitabın yeni baslayanlar için gayet yardımcı bir kitap oldugunu düşünüyorum. Çok detaylı bir anlatıma ve incelemeye sahip olmasa da en azından dönemin şartlarını,inanışlarını ve felsefi çalışmalarını öğrenmek ve anlamak amacıyla da okunabilecek sürükleyici bir tarzı olan bir kitap,zaten tek çırpıda okunacak kadar az ve öz - adından da belli oluyordur-.
Kişisel olarak Descartes’in görüşlerinin bazı noktalarında mantık hataları buluyorum ve Descartes’i bazı görüşlerinde eleştiren Gassendi’nin argümanlarını daha akla yatkın buluyorum. Özellikle Descartes’in uyanık olmak ve uyuyor olmayı ayırt etmeye yarayan bir niteliğin bulunmadığı görüşüne karşılık Gassendi’nin yaptıgı eleştiriler ve Ryle’nin de Gassendi’yi destekleyerek argümanlarını sahte para metaforuyla daha anlaşılır hale getirmesi bu konu hakkında daha açık bir sonuca ulasmama yardımcı oluyor. Fakat Descartes dahil bu konu hakkındaki her bir yorum ve bakıs açısı gerçekten son derece önemli ve etkileyici,bu yüzden de Gassendi ile Descartes arasındaki mektuplaşmalardan oluşan kitabı bir an önce alıp okumaya başlamak istiyorum
Kim bilir,belki de tek gerçekliğimiz rüyadır.
Profile Image for gatoconbotas.
2 reviews
February 6, 2023
Al leer “Descartes en 90 minutos” uno espera encontrarse un breve resumen del pensamiento de dicho autor, no su biografía y acontecimientos personales.

Es claro que los acontecimientos que el autor experimentó a lo largo de su vida marcaron un importante punto de partida para sus reflexiones más representativas, sin embargo, no es una biografía lo que se espera leer tras echar un ojo al título del libro.

Así mismo, la confusión del título no es lo más desastroso de la obra. Si bien es una lectura decente, pues las experiencias narradas del autor son interesantes y permiten conocer más sobre el mismo, la manera en la que el texto es escrito deja mucho que desear: ideas mal expresadas, frases hechas por alumnos de 2º de la ESO y, lo más chocante, faltas de ortografía. Quiero pensar que estos fallos son debidos a una mala traducción e impresión, y que la lectura en el idioma original es más amena, pero no deja de ser un fallo que pesa demasiado a lo largo de toda la obra.

Para conocer algunos datos curiosos de la vida personal de Descartes es muy recomendada esta obra, para introducirte en su filosofía no tanto. Si no te importan los errores ortográficos y de expresión, puede ser una lectura amena para introducirse en la biografía cartesiana.
Profile Image for Uppalight Yagami.
44 reviews2 followers
March 21, 2018
Mengulas kisah hidup dan pemikiran Rene Descartes (31 Maret 1596-11 Februari 1650), filsuf antisosial pemalas-walau mempertahankan kebiasaan tidur selama 10 jam dan bangun siang-berjasa membangunkan kembali filsafat yang telah tertidur nyenyak dengan memperkenalkan filsafat "zaman now". Descartes, dengan pemikiran orisinilnya, membantu kita memahami filsafat dengan mudah dan sederhana, yang membuatnya menjadi handal di tengah banyaknya kekurangan yang membuatnya harusnya tak perlu dikenal (Disini kelebihan humor seorang Paul Strathern).

Menurut filsuf yang hobi berpikir da traveling karena bosanan ini, "tak ada sesuatu pun yang pasti. Keseluruhan alam semesta, individualitas kita sendiri, bahkan keberadaan (eksistensi) kita pun boleh jadi hanyalah mimpi. Kita tak mempunyai cara untuk mengetahui apa pun dengan kepastian. Kecuali dalam satu hal. Tak peduli betapa pun berkhayalnya diri kita dan dunia, masih ada satu hal yang tak terbantahkan. Hal ini telah membuktikan kepada kita akan eksistensi kita."

Pemikiran itulah yang menyebabkan munculnya kutipan terkenal "Cogito ergo sum" yang artinya aku berpikir, maka aku ada.

Displaying 1 - 30 of 119 reviews

Can't find what you're looking for?

Get help and learn more about the design.