Gorgeous book, and informative intro from Heaney.
(Second review)
On this read through, I enjoyed spending more time with The Ruined Cottage, Michael (A Pastoral Poem), and Independence and Resolution. It is through these that you find Wordsworth reflecting most upon the impoverished, rural individuals dotted around the Lake District, and the small tragedies that fall upon them. Combined with their tales are rich and moving evocations of the natural landscape in Cumbria.
Unlike Keats, Wordsworth possesses the ability to connect the physicality of mountains, water and sky, and the incumbent fauna, to the intense spirituality he feels for it, rending his almost mystical vision of nature and his position within it richly palpable. This is made all the more authentic because, although on occasion he drops in the odd allusion, Wordsworth refers to real places around him. It's easy to parody his magnificently long titles and subtitles (one of his most well-known poems, Tintern Abbey, is actually written far away from it) but they situate his writing in the real world. They seem more concrete than Keats's imaginative wanderings. Wordsworth also, in contrast, eschews the artifice of poetic language: figurative language does feature, especially in his personification of Liberty, but it doesn't dominate. His diction is straightforward and simple, rendering his work a little bit more accessible.
In many ways, Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads (co-written with Coleridge in Alfoxden, Somerset), precipitated today's modern lyricism in poetry, namely the focus upon how the self is realised and the individual consciousness formed. Wordsworth radically hearkens back to his childhood - radical because, up until this point, children were views as merely smaller, less developed adults - as a way of determining and realising how he, as a poet, formed. What's amazing is that, in the Two-Part Prelude, he even recognises that his memories aren't easily delineated, and that the narrative he builds of them is, like any kind of memory, unreliably formed. From that, it's easy to see why his longer version of the Prelude took the majority of his life to write - with such careful thought and philosophic consideration on the nature of memory, he's not going to be publishing at great haste! In Yarrow Unvisited , Wordsworth also suggests that some places are not worth revisiting: if the memory of such a place is left in a pristine and wonderful state, then it can actually prove to be a source of comfort and restoration in the future when visiting it is not an option; to visit it unnecessarily now is to potentially spoil that future potentiality.
Such a view is slightly problematic. If you were to not revisit anywhere because you didn't want to spoil how you say that place, then you'd never leave home! I suppose that one of my other take homes from this reading of this gorgeous collection of well-selected and gorgeously presented poems, is that Wordsworth's views aren't always quite so straight-forward. There is a kind of 'orientalism' simmering underneath his description of the solitary reaper, for example. His underlying conservatism comes forth in his description of London's inherent avarice and greed; this sonnet comes across not so much as critical and poignant, but more as a bit of a whine Contrast his criticisms to the powerful words of Blake's London, and it's world apart. Decrying materialism is one thing; damning the role of national institutions that impoverish and wretch its own citizens is another. I feel like, in his return to London, Wordsworth secretly wished he was wealthy like those around him; indeed, later in life, as Poet Laureate and semi-aristocrat of Rydal Mount, he proved to be quite the figure of the establishment.
Overall, this is a worthy introduction into Wordsworth's poetry.