This book is fantastic! Gary Haugen is a lawyer who worked for the United States Department of Justice. At one point, he was sent to Rwanda to lead a team gathering evidence against the perpetrators of the genocide there in 1994. It was experiences like this one that led Haugen to create International Justice Mission, whose goal is to provide legal aid and advocacy to oppressed persons throughout the world.
The first few chapters of the book set the stage. Haugen tells a bit of his own story and speaks of how Christians can engage the reality of injustice in the world by taking two steps: develop compassion for people suffering from injustice by learning about them and understanding justice by looking at scripture. Injustice in the world is an overwhelming topic, so Haugen tells the stories of three champions of justice in US history: Kate Bushnell, who fought against forced prostitution, Edgar Murphy, who spoke out for child laborers, and Jessie Daniel Ames, who formed a group of church women in the south who opposed lynching in the 1930s. The lesson is clear: Americans oppose all of these things today but there was a time when such injustices were accepted, in the same way, we can work against injustice in the wider world, and we can be successful.
The second part of the book focuses on four biblical affirmations about justice: God is a God of justice, compassion, moral clarity and rescue. In the third part, Haugen moves into the practical arena, speaking at length about what IJM does and how they do it (and how the reader can help).
I am tempted to classify this book in my "apologetics" book shelf. Haugen asks, why do injustices like genocide, forced prostitution of children and other such evils to occur? His answer is that people "choose to indulge their selfish and brutal urges to dominate the defenseless" (125). He goes on:
"If people have no respect for God, no love for their Maker, I would ask the question another way: Why not pillage, rape, persecute and murder? If it feels good, and they can get away with it, why not? If God is dead or does not exist, as these people believe, why aren't all things permitted? Why should they restrain themselves? Because it's just wrong? Because it's not the way civilized people behave? Because what goes around comes around?...Within tidy circles of properly socialized and reasonable people such appeals can seem like they actually have the power to restrain people from doing what they otherwise feel like doing. But in the real world outside the philosophy seminar room, oppressors frankly don't care that you think it's just wrong...They think, Fine, if being brutal makes you feel terrible inside, then don't do it. But it makes me feel powerful, alive, exhilarated and masterful, so quit whining - unless you want to try to stop me" (126).
Without God, Haugen says, alluding to Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov, anything is permissible. Of course, the next question is why does God allow such injustices to occur. Haugen works out an answer for that, focusing on the suffering God on the cross. His point is that Christianity offers a God who is not far off, but who has experienced real suffering.
It is people like Haugen, books like this one and organizations like International Justice Mission that offer the most powerful apologetic for Christian faith, much more than traditional books with arguments for the existence of God and what not. Suffering and injustice are problems for any belief, Christian or secular. Everyone must explain their existence somehow. But I think Haugen (without really intending it) makes a good case for how calling injustice "evil" or "wrong" or telling people not to do it is much more difficult for the secular person. In nature larger, stronger animals eat smaller ones. If humans are just natural animals, if that is all we are, the oppressor is just being a larger stronger animal.
My point: this is also an apologetics book.
I also was challenged by how Haugen described Christian ministry in three ways. He spoke of evangelism (which evangelicals have long done) and feeding the poor (mentioning groups like World Vision and Compassion). I have often spoken of those two only. Usually evangelicals are taken to task for only focusing on the spiritual side. Haugen agrees, saying it was not until the mid twentieth century that evangelicals remembered Jesus cares about a person's physical needs. But Haugen goes a step further, seeing justice work as a third ministry. The difference is that we can feed the poor, but if we do not change the system that keeps them in poverty we are working against the stream.
That is what International Justice Mission does: seeks justice for the oppressed. It is worthy, holy work and I urge people to read this book and go to their website to learn more.